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951.
952.
A statistical study of the particle shape and size of pure V2O5 and TiO2, and samples of coprecipitated V2O5---TiO2 catalysts with different V/Ti ratios, has been performed. They were also characterized by XRD, EDAX, SEM and XPS. The results showed that pure vanadium pentoxide is compose by large square or needle-shaped particles, while pure titanium dioxide has small and rounded ones. VTiO samples presented an area and shape, depending on the V/Ti ratio.
These results and the spectroscopical characterization conducted to a particle model of the catalysts. Those VOTi samples with high V/Ti ratio would have large V2O5 crystals acting as support of a V/TiO2 solid solution. In contrast, those samples with a low V/Ti ratio, would have the solid solution supporting vanadium pentoxide crystals. 相似文献
953.
Is the development of adenoma and carcinoma in proximal colon related to apolipoprotein E phenotype?
K Kervinen H S?dervik J M?kel? J Lehtola M Niemi MI Kairaluoma YA Kes?niemi 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,110(6):1785-1790
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Alterations in plasma lipoprotein levels and bile acid metabolism observed in patients with colorectal adenoma and carcinoma may reflect a genetic background predisposing to altered lipid metabolism and tumors. This study was designed to determine whether the polymorphism of apolipoprotein E, one of the key regulatory proteins in cholesterol metabolism, is associated with proximal or distal colonic neoplasia. METHODS: Apolipoprotein E phenotype was determined in 135 patients with colorectal adenoma, 122 patients with colorectal carcinoma, and 199 randomly selected control subjects. RESULTS: The frequency of the epsilon 4 allele of apolipoprotein E was low (0.075 and 0.073) in patients with proximal adenoma and those with carcinoma, respectively, compared with the control subjects (0.181) (P < 0.05). In patients with distal tumors, there was no alteration in epsilon 4 frequency. In all subjects with the epsilon 4 allele compared with subjects without epsilon 4, the odds ratio for proximal adenoma was 0.36 (95% confidence interval, 0.14-0.89), and the odds ratio for proximal carcinoma was 0.35 (95% confidence interval, 0.14-0.86). CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that the epsilon 4 allele of apolipoprotein E provides protection from the development of adenoma and carcinoma of the proximal colon. These results support the theory that there are common susceptibility genes modulating the susceptibility to external carcinogenic factors. 相似文献
954.
955.
Experimental evidence of an increase in the resistance of a cathode-side metal line without any void generation is presented for a multilayered metal structure terminated by via-holes during electromigration tests. This resistance increase is reversed to the initial value by high temperature storage after electromigration testing. The increase in the resistance of multilayered metal structures is attributed to the vacancy accumulation in the cathode side due to the blocking barrier effect of the refractory metal layer in the via-hole 相似文献
956.
The effect of salt addition, in the form of a fluxing agent containing equivalent amounts of NaCl and KCl, on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 359/SiC/10p composite has been investigated. Both microstructure and properties are affected, with the removal of magnesium and strontium and the introduction of sodium and potassium being responsible for the degradation in properties. Thermodynamic calculations have been carried out to account for the effect of salt addition in terms of the surface adsorption of sodium and potassium impurities and the consequent changes in the surface-interface tension of their binary alloys. Mechanisms for the degradation of properties have been discussed. 相似文献
957.
S. Nourbakhsh W. H. Rhee O. Sahin H. Margolin 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》1994,25(7):1501-1507
A series of single-crystal Al2O3-fiber-reinforced Ni3Al-based intermetallic matrix composites were fabricated by pressure casting. The matrices employed were
binary Ni3Al, Ni3Al-0.5 at. pct Cr, and Ni3Al-0.34 at. pct Zr. The development of microstructure upon oxidation in air at either 1100 °C or 1200 °C was investigated
by optical, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. In air-oxidized binary Ni3Al, some of the fibers were fully or partially covered with a layer of oxide. A weak fiber/matrix bond in this system, which
led to fiber debonding during composite processing, is believed to be responsible for the ingress of O into the composite
and oxidation of the matrix in the debonded regions at the fiber/matrix interface. Addition of Cr to Ni3Al resulted in an almost threefold increase in fiber/matrix bond strength. No oxidation of the interface was observed. A thick
layer of oxide was formed around all the fibers when the composite was thermally cycled prior to isothermal annealing. Addition
of Zr to Ni3Al resulted in the formation of a layer of ZrO2 on the surface of the fibers during composite processing. The ZrO2 layer provided a fast path for the diffusion of O, which led to the formation of a rootlike oxide structure around the fibers.
The rootlike structure consisted of a network of Al2O3-covered ZrO2. 相似文献
958.
K Okano S Wu X Huang CJ Pirola H Juppner AB Abou-Samra GV Segre K Iwasaki JA Fagin TL Clemens 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1994,135(3):1093-1099
959.
960.
F Deák á Horváth á Kiss Z Seres A Galonsky CK Gelbke H Hama L Heilbronn D Krofcheck WG Lynch DW Sackett HR Schelin MB Tsang J Kasagi T Murakami 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1995,52(1):219-227
An extruding wire knife was used to give adult male CFHB rats a minimally traumatic unilateral mechanical lesion of the medial forebrain bundle. In addition, some rats received bilateral intrastriatal injections of one of three fluorescent retrograde tracers either eight days before or eight days after the lesion. Injections made after the lesion revealed that about half of the animals had complete lesions of the nigrostriatal tract, while the other half were incompletely lesioned, the mean proportion of non-axotomized neurons being 23%. Over the 10 weeks following the lesions, the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive cells in the lesioned substantia nigra fell linearly, reaching a mean of 29% of that of the control substantia nigra. In the animals which were completely lesioned, neuronal survival at 10 weeks varied between 6 and 12%. That the disappearance of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons was due to cell death rather than the loss of tyrosine hydroxylase itself was confirmed by labelling the cells with Fluoro Gold before axotomy; the tracer was seen in survival neurons, microglia and in a few involuted neurons which continued to be tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive. This percentage of neurons surviving axotomy corresponds to the proportion of substantia nigra neurons which project to the contralateral striatum, and these neurons were in the region of the substantia nigra from which the contralateral projection originated. It is concluded that following mechanical transection of the nigrostriatal tract, all truly axotomized substantia nigra neurons die over a period of about 10 weeks. 相似文献