"微电子工艺技术"教学改革创新与实践

以"立德树人"和"新工科"理念为指导,树立以学生为中心,优化课程知识体系结构,将虚拟仿真、项目式教学和校企协作育人等教学模式有机融入课程体系建设,构建链条式的课程知识地图和由价值观塑造、知识传授和能力培养组成的闭合回路,打破了传统观念束缚和时空限制,推进现代信息技术和产业与微电子工艺教学的深度融合,提升学生知识应用和工程实践能力,培养专业责任感和家国情怀.     

基于显著性特征和DCNN的高分遥感影像场景分类

高分遥感影像的场景分类是解译遥感影像信息的重要工作之一.为了准确提取出目标信息,针对高分遥感影像场景分类中存在的背景复杂、目标多样、目标信息与背景信息难以区分等问题,提出了一种基于显著性特征和深度卷积神经网络(DCNN)的高分遥感影像场景分类方法.首先,利用K-means聚类与超像素分割算法得到影像的颜色空间分布与颜色...     

红外焦平面区域选取对辐射定标的影响分析

红外辐射定标是获取目标红外辐射特性的基础技术之一。辐射定标精度对后续目标的辐射特性测量具有重要的影响。针对中波红外辐射定标时探测靶面像元大小的选取,研究了其对辐射定标中系统线性度的影响。基于640×520元中波红外焦平面阵列,选取中心像元、中心100×100区域、中心200×200区域以及全靶面区域进行了研究。在高温段,中心20×20区域的随机误差为5.27%,中心100×100区域的最小误差为0.01%。在低温段,中心20×20区域的随机误差为1.78%,中心100×100区域的最小误差为0.45%。在一定靶面区域内,随着所选靶面的增大,误差逐渐减小。研究结果对红外探测器辐射定标靶面的选取具有一定的工程应用价值。     

基于直觉模糊集和直方图均衡的图像增强方法

针对模糊增强不能改善图像的对比度和直方图均衡增强存在过度增强、图像细节信息丢失的缺陷,提出了基于直觉模糊集和直方图均衡的图像增强算法.由于待增强图像包含大量的不确定性信息,给出了一种新的直觉模糊增强图像的算法,该方法通过合成像素的直觉模糊隶属度和非隶属度的方式来实现,能够显著增强图像的细节信息,但不能改善图像对比度.因此,将直觉模糊增强和直方图均衡进行融合,以直觉模糊增强为主,同时抑制直方图均衡的不足,既增强了图像的细节信息,又改善了图像的对比度.最后,通过典型的图像增强实例验证了算法的有效性和可靠性.     

溅射气压对氧化镓薄膜光学特性的影响

采用射频磁控溅射法在石英衬底上制备了氧化镓(Ga2O3)薄膜.利用X射线衍射仪和紫外-可见-红外分光光度计分别对Ga2O3薄膜的晶体结构和光学带隙进行了表征,并在室温下测量了 Ga2O3薄膜的光致发光(PL)谱.结果表明:制备的Ga2O3薄膜呈非晶态.吸收边随着溅射气压的增加先蓝移后红移,光学带隙值范围为5.06～5.37 eV,溅射气压为1 Pa时,制备的Ga2O3薄膜具有最大的光学带隙.在325 nm激光激发下,400 nm附近和525 nm附近处出现与缺陷能级相关的发光峰.     

High-Throughput Screening for Phase-Change Memory Materials

Phase change memory (PCM) is an emerging non-volatile data storage technology concerned by the semiconductor industry. To improve the performances, previous efforts have mainly focused on partially replacing or doping elements in the flagship Ge-Sb-Te (GST) alloy based on experimental “trial-and-error” methods. Here, the current largest scale PCM materials searching is reported, starting with 124 515 candidate materials, using a rational high-throughput screening strategy consisting of criteria related to PCM characteristics. In the results, there are 158 candidates screened for PCM materials, of which ≈68% are not employed. By further analyses, including cohesive energy, bond angle analyses, and Born effective charge, there are 52 materials with properties similar to the GST system, including Ge₂Bi₂Te₅, GeAs₄Te₇, GeAs₂Te₄, so on and other candidates that have not been reported, such as TlBiTe₂, TlSbTe₂, CdPb₃Se₄, etc. Compared with GST, materials with close cohesive energy include AgBiTe₂, TlSbTe₂, As₂Te₃, TlBiTe₂, etc., indicating possible low power consumption. Through further melt-quenching molecular dynamic calculation and structural/electronic analyses, Ge₂Bi₂Te₅, CdPb₃Se₄, MnBi₂Te₄, and TlBiTe₂ are found suitable for optical/electrical PCM applications, which further verifies the effectiveness of this strategy. The present study will accelerate the exploration and development of advanced PCM materials for current and future big-data applications.     

Photomemory and Pulse Monitoring Featured Solution-Processed Near-Infrared Graphene/Organic Phototransistor with Detectivity of 2.4 × 1013 Jones

Emerging graphene/organic phototransistors are eye-catching technologies owing to their unique merits including easy/low-cost fabrication, temperature independent, and achieving various functions. However, their development in the near-infrared (NIR) region is experiencing a bottleneck of inferior sensitivity due to low exciton dissociation efficiency and inefficient charge extraction rate. Here, a novel-design solution-processed graphene/organic NIR phototransistor is reported, that is, creatively introducing electron extraction layer of ZnO on graphene channel and employing organic ternary bulk heterojunction as photosensitive layer, successfully breaking that bottleneck. The phototransistor exhibits a high responsivity of 6.1 × 10⁶ A W⁻¹, a superior detectivity of 2.4 × 10¹³ Jones, and a remarkable minimum detection power of 1.75 nW cm⁻² under 850 nm radiation. Considering its excellent NIR detection performance, a noncontact transmission-type pulse monitoring is carried out with no external circuit support, from which human pulse signal and heart rate can be displayed in real time. The phototransistor, interestingly, can be switched into a photomemory function with a retention time of 1000 s in the atmosphere through a gate voltage of −20 V. The design takes the characteristics of graphene/organic phototransistors to a higher level, beyond the limit of sensitivity, and opens up a novel approach for developing multifunction devices.     

Wood-Inspired Binder Enabled Vertical 3D Printing of g-C3N4/CNT Arrays for Highly Efficient Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution

2D nanomaterials are very attractive for photoelectrochemical applications due to their ultra-thin structure, excellent physicochemical properties of large surface-area-to-volume ratios, and the resulting abundant active sites and high charge transport capacity. However, the application of commonly used 2D nanomaterials with disordered-stacking is always limited by high photoelectrode tortuosity, few surface-active sites, and low mass transfer efficiency. Herein, inspired by wood structures, a vertical 3D printing strategy is developed to rapidly build vertically aligned and hierarchically porous graphitic carbon nitride/carbon nanotube (g-C₃N₄/CNT) arrays by using lignin as a binder for efficient photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution. Arising from the directional electron transport and multiple light scattering in the out-of-plane aligned and porous architecture, the resulting g-C₃N₄/CNT arrays display an outstanding hydrogen evolution performance, with the hydrogen yield up to 4.36 µmol (cm⁻² h⁻¹) at a bias of −0.5 V versus RHE, 12.7 and 41.6 times higher than traditional thick g-C₃N₄/CNT and g-C₃N₄ films, respectively. Moreover, this 3D printed structure can overcome the agglomeration problem of the commonly used g-C₃N₄ with powder configuration and shows desirable recyclability and stability. This facile and scalable vertical 3D printing strategy will open a new avenue to highly enhance the photoelectrochemical performance of 2D nanomaterials for sustainably production of clean energy.     

An Injectable Hydrogel for Simultaneous Photothermal Therapy and Photodynamic Therapy with Ultrahigh Efficiency Based on Carbon Dots and Modified Cellulose Nanocrystals

The convenience of injectable hydrogels that can provide high loading of diverse phototherapy agents and further long-time retention at the tumor site has attracted tremendous interest in simultaneous photothermal and photodynamic cancer therapies. However, to incorporate the phototherapy agents into hydrogels, complex modifications are generally unavoidable. Moreover, these phototherapy agents usually suffer from low efficiency and work at different irradiation wavelengths outside the near infrared windows. Hence, a method for the fabrication of an injectable hydrogel for simultaneous photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy, through the Schiff-base reaction between amido modified carbon dots (NCDs) and aldehyde modified cellulose nanocrystals is proposed. The NCDs act as both phototherapy agents and crosslinkers to form hydrogels. Significantly, the NCDs demonstrate an extremely high photothermal conversion efficiency of 77.6% which is among the highest levels for photothermal agents and a high singlet quantum yield of 0.37 under a single 660 nm light-emitting diode irradiation. The hydrogels are examined through in vitro and in vivo animal experiments which show nontoxic and effectively tumor inhibition. Thus, the strategy of direct reaction of phototherapy agents and the matrix not only provides new strategies for injectable hydrogel fabrication but paves a new road for advanced tumor treatment.     

航空器过早截获下滑信号导致进近过程不稳定问题的研究

仪表着陆系统为航空器提供重要的进近引导,保证仪表着陆系统信号稳定、可靠,使航空器顺畅、平稳进近,对运行安全至关重要.在实际运行过程中,当航空器在进近过程中出现不稳定情况时,机组应做到及时通过管制员向设备运行保障单位进行反馈,设备运行保障单位应充分排查,尤其是当出现多机组反应的异常情况时,更应系统梳理、排查,确保运行安全...