物理场强化气液传质的研究进展

分别简述了磁场、电场、电磁场、超声场和超重力场5种物理场的作用机理,综述了这些物理场在强化蒸发、精馏和气体吸收等气液传质过程中的研究进展,同时概述了物理场强化气液传质的热力学研究进展。分析表明,物理场强化气液传质在化工、环保和节能减排等领域具有广泛的应用前景,但目前的研究大多还处于实验阶段,其机理和各种因素对强化效果影响的研究还不够深入和完善。指出今后研究热点主要包括：继续探索物理场强化传质的作用机理,拓展其应用领域,并对过程中的瓶颈问题进行技术攻关;通过实验和热力学研究两种方法对不同种类物理场强化传质效果进行比较,以确定各种物理场的适用体系。     

MG-12864液晶显示器在智能仪表中的应用

介绍MG-12864型液晶显示器在智能仪表中与单片机的接口及其控制显示的方法。     

与教育国际化接轨,制作网络视频公课简

针对网络视频公开课（OCW）出现近十多年来的经验与现状,华东理工大学在原先国家精品课程视频公开的基础上,另行启动了包括全英文课程在内的视频公开课制作工作。运行工作针对国内教学的实际情况,探索了一些实际操作的经验,以供国内相关高校相互交流。     

高强度水速散型磷渣基颗粒硅钙肥制备技术开发

以黄磷渣为基础原料,以多种表面活性剂混合复配为复合黏结剂,通过圆盘造粒制备了一种的磷渣基颗粒肥料。性能检测结果表明,产品具有较高的颗粒强度,平均强度为48.34 N,强度大于35 N的比例为93%;浸水实验结果表明,产品具有快速的水散性,在20 min内通过2 mm标准分样筛的比例为94%;成本分析结果表明,产品主要原料成本可控制在200元/t内。     

Synthesis of a polyethylene glycolylated polysiloxane system through a two-step procedure and its compatibility

Acrylic macromonomer was synthesized by esterification of acrylic acid (AA) and PEGylated siloxane alcohol. And the acrylic macromonomer was employed as unsaturated precursor for the hydrosilylation with polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS). FTIR, ¹H, ¹³C, ²⁹Si-NMR, and TGA proved that PEGylated polysiloxane was successfully synthesized. The morphological studies revealed that the dimples in the cross sections were attributed to polyethylene glycol (PEG) phase domains with diameters of 5–15 μm. The contribution of polar and dispersion factor toward surface energy was studied by contact angle (CA) measurement. The results showed that wetting behavior could transform from hydrophobic to hydrophilic with the CA from 122° to 54°. The final PEGylated polysiloxane provided sufficient compatibility and good wetting behavior, in contrast with silane ethers or alkyl silanes, indicating that it might be utilized as an alternate candidate for personal care. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47889.     

基于SVM-BOXPLOT的乙烯生产过程异常工况监测与诊断

乙烯作为化工生产的重要原材料,需求量持续增加,但它也是高能耗产业,其生产运行状态直接关系到能效的高低,进而影响企业的经济效益。因此,乙烯生产运行工况的智能识别对节能降耗意义重大。针对直接影响乙烯生产过程能效水平的异常工况智能识别问题,以能够反映乙烯生产能效与能耗的关键指标--乙烯收率、丙烯收率及综合能耗为基础,使用IPSO优化SVM-BOXPLOT的方法对乙烯生产过程进行异常工况智能识别。通过机理分析与数据分析相结合的方法对监测数据降维,用SVM对生产数据进行工况分类,缩小异常识别范围,最后用BOXPLOT进行异常工况识别。将其与在线监测系统相结合应用于某石化企业生产中,所提出的异常工况监测与诊断方案模型精度更高,收敛速度更快,既实现了乙烯生产过程异常工况的监测与诊断,又满足了实际运行工况的工艺要求,保证了异常识别的实时性、准确性。     

基于钴改性的钙基吸附剂污泥富氢气化

基于钙基吸附剂的污泥蒸汽气化制取富氢合成气是一种高效环保的污泥处理方式。本文采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Co改性、Al₂O₃为载体的钙基吸附剂。借助热重分析仪测定不同钙基吸附剂在多个碳酸化和煅烧循环中的CO₂吸附能力和循环稳定性,并在固定床上进行污泥蒸汽气化实验。结果显示：煅烧过程中,以Al₂O₃为载体的钙基吸附剂中的Al₂O₃与CaO生成七铝酸十二钙(Ca₁₂Al₁₄O₃₃),并表现出优异的孔隙结构的和CO₂吸附能力,其中,Co质量分数为10%的吸附剂在30次循环（700℃碳酸化35min,850℃煅烧5min）中碳酸化率稳定在70%左右;提高气化温度及Co的添加量可促进焦油裂解和甲烷重整反应,显著提高了合成气中H₂的浓度和产量及污泥气化的冷煤气效率,有利于富氢气体的制取;在650℃下,相比于纯CaO,添加Co质量分数为15%的吸附剂时,H₂产量提高了102%,H₂体积分数提高到85%。     

用于隔热保温的多孔氧化铝陶瓷的制备与研究

多孔氧化铝陶瓷具有耐高温、低热导率等特点,是工业窑炉的隔热保温的首选材料.实验以α-Al2 O3、煅烧铝矾土、苏州土为主要原料,采用物理发泡和注浆成型结合的方法制备了具有高气孔率、低热导率的多孔氧化铝陶瓷样品.通过正交实验确定了发泡剂的最佳配方为SDS添加量为0.5 g·L-1、CTAB添加量为0.3 g·L-1及水质量分数为50wt％.并探究了烧成温度对多孔氧化铝陶瓷样品的物理性能、相组成、热导率的影响,结果表明,经1500℃烧成后的最佳配方样品吸水率为13.71％,气孔率为33.14％,体积密度为2.42 g·cm-3,在300℃下测得热导率为0.83 W·m-1·K-1.本实验制备的多孔氧化铝陶瓷样品的相组成为莫来石和刚玉,由于具有大量的气孔,相同能量下气体激发出的声子数量远少于固体,热导率远远低于固体,导致热导率低.     

PA6／PP／EPDM-g-MAH共混物的制备与性能研究

采用熔融接枝方法研制增容剂EPDM-g-MAH，系统研究了EPDM用量、PA6／PP配比、加工方式等对PA6／PP／EPDM-g-MAH共混体系的相态结构、力学性能的影响，同时研究了合金分散相颗粒平均粒径(dd)、表面间距(τd)与冲击强度之间的关系。结果表明，自制接枝物可有效地改善PA6／PP合金的相容性，且材料的冲击强度显著提高。同时，提出了合金冲击强度与分散相颗粒表面间距(τd)关系的经验方程，计算出合金发生脆韧转变的临界表面间距τ值为0．20μm。     

Third‐order nonlinear optical properties of polyureas and polyimide synthesized by microwave irradiation

Polymerization of benzoguanamine (BGA) and 2,4‐tolylenediisocyanate (TDI), BGA–TDI polycondensation polyurea (PU), and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) in solid phase under microwave radiation was studied. In the system of TDI and BGA, the effect of microwave radiation time, the composition and concentration of monomer, the temperature, and the concentration of catalyst on the third‐order optical nonlinearities of polymer were discussed. In the system of PU and PMDA, the effect of imidization degree on third‐order optical nonlinearities was also discussed. The results showed that the prepared polymer had high third‐order nonlinear optical coefficients (PU: χ⁽³⁾ = 1.174 × 10^?13 esu) and fast time responses (24 ps); simultaneously, the third‐order optical nonlinearities of polymer were improved greatly by microwave radiation. The results also showed that third‐order optical nonlinearities were affected not only by the length of the polycondensate chain but also by the molecular structure, which was explained and confirmed by the computation of the AM1 semiempirical method and UV‐visible absorption spectrum. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 2611–2617, 2003