架空线路故障快速自动研判系统研究及应用*

基于输电线路雷击故障跳闸频发,而线路运行环境恶劣,导致故障跳闸后巡线工作量大、效率低的问题,开发了一套架空线路故障快速自动研判系统,通过在线监测故障行波的方式快速定位线路故障.该系统已应用于商洛供电公司,并成功诊断了一起故障跳闸事件.     

直流输电换流阀防火及灭火系统方案设计研究∗

换流阀作为直流输电工程的核心设备之一,其可靠稳定运行对直流输电系统显得尤为重要.换流阀本体主要采用户内安装、悬吊式设计,其整体结构复杂,电气和机械接头繁多,并长期运行在高电压、大电流、强电磁场环境下,阀塔内非阻燃材料、器件故障、接头发热、水路或局部放电等导致的火灾时有发生.为此,分析梳理换流阀火灾发生机理,制定换流阀的年度检修、抽检测试等运维防火措施,提出一种近距离、安全高效的阀塔自动升降灭火系统设计方案,该方案采用清洁、无二次污染的全氟己酮灭火剂介质,依据不同的悬吊布置方式设计了剪叉式和支撑式两种升降灭火结构,其结构设计有效减少灭火后挫力,保障灭火时的精准稳定性,同时结合阀厅火灾报警信息判断相应的起火阀塔,以及阀组及空调等停运状态信息连锁控制,安全可靠启动灭火升降系统,自动跟踪阀层着火点开展高效灭火,有效避免阀塔火情扩大,降低了火灾损失.     

Microstructures and Plastic Anisotropy of As—Cast Low Carbon Steel Strips

对比研究了低碳钢带铸材不同处理状态钢带和薄板铸坯中不同位置切片的组织特征、晶体学织构和15％工程应变条件下的塑性异向性．结果表明，带铸材试样中存在{111}与{114}特征织构，织构强度均较弱；铸坯切片中存在{111}与{001}特征织构，并且因局部凝固冷速不同存在明显的织构强度差异．两组低碳钢的法向异向性与平均晶粒尺寸的对数之间尽管均存在线性关系，但斜率明显不同．分析表明法向异向性的晶粒尺寸依存性与钢带中织构的强弱有关，由此提出了“有效织构强度比”的概念，从塑性变形理论的角度解释了微观组织对塑性异向性的影响．     

14MnNbq钢埋弧焊焊缝金属热裂纹的成因

对１４ＭｎＮｂｑ钢埋弧焊对接接头焊缝金属中含有裂纹的实物进了金相，扫描电镜及断口微区能谱分析，并采用可调拘束热裂纹敏感性试验方法对１４ＭｎＮｂｑ及１６Ｍｎｑ两种钢材进行了对比，分析了产生热裂纹的原因及其影响因素，提出了防止１４ＭｎＮｂｑ钢埋弧焊焊缝金属热裂纹的措施。     

Decolorization of reactive brilliant red X-3B by heterogeneous photo-Fenton reaction using an Fe–Ce bimetal catalyst

Decolorization of reactive brilliant red X-3B was studied by using an Fe–Ce oxide hydrate as the heterogeneous catalyst in the presence of H₂O₂ and UV. The decolorization rate was in the order of UV–Fe–Ce–H₂O₂ > UV–Fe³⁺–H₂O₂ > UV–H₂O₂ > UV–Fe–Ce ≥ Fe–Ce–H₂O₂ > Fe–Ce. Under the conditions of 34 mg l⁻¹ H₂O₂, 0.500 g l⁻¹ Fe–Ce, 36 W UV and pH 3.0, 100 mg l⁻¹ X-3B could be decolorized at efficiency of more than 99% within 30 min. The maximum dissolved Fe during the reaction was 1 mg l⁻¹. From the fact that the decolorization rate of the UV–Fe–Ce–H₂O₂ system was significantly higher than that of the UV–Fe³⁺–H₂O₂ system at Fe³⁺ = 1 mg l⁻¹, it is clear that the Fe–Ce functioned mainly as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst. UV–vis, its second derivative spectra, and ion chromatography (IC) were employed to investigate the degradation pathway. Fast degradation after adsorption of X-3B is the dominant mechanism in the heterogeneous catalytic oxidation system. The first degradation step is the breaking down of azo and CN bonds, resulting in the formation of the aniline- and phenol-like compounds. Then, the breaking down of the triazine structure occurred together with the transformation of naphthalene rings to multi-substituted benzene, and the cutting off of sulphonic groups from the naphthalene rings. The last step includes further decomposition of the aniline structure and partial mineralization of X-3B.     

用弯曲模型推导二组元复合材料杨氏模量新公式

用弯曲模型推导了适用于悬丝耦合弯曲共振法检测金属第二组元的杨氏模量的理论公式。通过实验数据计算。结果表明在两组元h2/h1≈1时与文献[2]的计算结果几乎接近，为用悬丝耦合弯曲共振法检测各种减振材料，陶瓷材料杨氏模量提供了理论公式；同时用改进后的弯曲模型推导出了适用于纤维复合材料横向杨氏模量的预测公式。     

氧化钕填充尼龙6的结晶行为

利用示差扫描量热仪（ＤＳＣ）研究了氧化钕（Ｎｄ２Ｏ３）对尼龙６（ＰＡ６）等温结晶行为的影响。结果表明，Ｎｄ２Ｏ３在ＰＡ６体系中起到了异相成核作用，提高了ＰＡ６的晶体增长速率。     

加氢催化剂的器外再生

介绍了国内外再生技术的发展状况，对比器内和器外再生技术的优缺点以及催化剂活性恢复率的差异，说明器外再生技术是催化剂再生的发展方向。     

基于Hough圆卷积变换的孔组检测

为降低孔组测量的成本,提高测量的精确度,提出一种基于Hough国卷积的孔组检测方法.对孔组图像进行中值滤波、拉普拉斯锐化增强和边缘检测;根据孔组半径大小的变化范围,对Hough圆锥进行改进;在此基础上,利用改进的Hough圆锥与边缘检测后的图像进行三维卷积,得到Hough参数空间,计算出孔组的坐标和半径值;采用快速傅立叶变换法代替三维卷积,减少算法的计算时间.实验结果表明,该方法的检测精度高、实时性强,可以用于孔组的自动化检测.     

Synthesis of carbon nanocapsules containing Fe, Ni or Co by arc discharge in aqueous solution

A simple, inexpensive and one-step synthesis method of metal-containing carbon nanocapsules using an arc discharge in aqueous solution is reported. It was found that Ni, Co and Fe nanoparticles could be in situ encapsulated in carbon shells when the arc was performed respectively in aqueous solutions of NiSO₄, CoSO₄ and FeSO₄. Transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron diffraction patterns of selected areas were used to determine the crystalline phase of the metal cores. To explain the formation mechanism of metal-containing carbon nanocapsules, a model of discharge in solution is proposed. This result presents a simply controllable way to synthesize metal-containing carbon nanocapsules.