An efficient hybrid multicast transport protocol for collaborative virtual environment with networked haptic

In recent years, we have witnessed a growing interest in the synchronous collaboration based class of applications. Several techniques for collaborative virtual environments (CVE), haptic, audio and visual environments (C-HAVE) have been designed. However, several challenging issues remain to be resolved before CVE and C-HAVE become a common place. In this paper, we focus on applications that are based on closely coupled and highly synchronized haptic tasks that require a high-level of coordination among the participants. Four main protocols have been designed to resolve the synchronization issues in such environments: the synchronous collaboration transport protocol, the selective reliable transmission protocol, the reliable multicast transport protocol and the scalable reliable multicast. While these four protocols have shown good performance for CVE and C-HAVE class of applications, none of these protocols has been able to meet all of the basic CVE requirements, i.e., scalability, reliability, synchronization, and minimum delay. In this paper, we present a hybrid protocol that is able to satisfy all of the CVE and C-HAVE requirements and discuss its implementation and results in two tele-surgery applications. This work is partially supported by Grants from Canada Research Chair Program, NSERC, OIT/Ontario Distinguished Researcher Award, Early Research Award and ORNEC Research Grant.     

COREX-3000发生煤气管堵塞物的分析

宝钢COREX-3000是世界上规模最大的COREX熔融还原炼铁装置。熔融气化炉的发生煤气管（GGD）堵塞是实际生产中遇到的重大问题之一。通过对COREX-3000发生煤气管堵塞物进行取样,并在实验室中采取多种手段对其化学成分、理化特征等进行分析,结果表明,堵塞物呈明显的层状结构,由大量液相包裹铁颗粒构成。堵塞物试样在1 000～1 100℃开始软化收缩,而在1 250～1 300℃产生明显液相。     

基于多次数据吸收集合平滑算法的自动油藏历史拟合研究

针对常见历史拟合方法存在计算量大、油藏参数更新异常、油藏模型修正失真等问题.采用集合平滑算法,通过引入集合卡尔曼滤波算法(EnKF)中多次迭代思路,对相同数据重复吸收,推导出多次数据吸收集合平滑算法(ES-MDA)的核心公式,并编写了自动油藏历史拟合软件.以北海布伦特油田海相砂岩油藏为例,将基于ES-MDA算法的油藏自...     

Transmission of medical messages of patient using control signal of cellular network

The healthcare system needs to track and monitor patients’ status and information. One of the most important requirements is that the patient is able to access the service anywhere at any time. Systems are being developed using the Internet to monitor patients’ status, and in some areas, especially rural areas and motorways, the Internet may not be available, even though the mobile network is available. In some cases, the network might be overloaded, so the patient information cannot be delivered to the hospital or medical centre. We propose a new method that uses the spare extension of the random access channel (RACH), which is carried by physical random access channel (PRACH) to send the patient information to the medical centre. We present the mathematical model of the channel and compare the results with another system from 3GPP to evaluate the results. The results show that the proposed method needs less time to transmit the patient’s information.     

关于如何检测印刷网板的进厂质量

问:同一个墙地砖产品编号,在不同时期生产时,往往难以重复原有的色号,其中印刷网板变化是一个很重要的因素,问如何科学地检验网板进厂的质量?答:陶瓷墙地砖生产的可重复性相当低,归根到底的原因就是生产不稳定而造成的。同一产品编号的颜色(色号)不能重复是陶瓷生产比较普遍的现象。     

论甘肃省白银市平川区陶瓷产业的发展思路

1前言 改革开放以来,国内许多陶瓷产区纷纷瞄准了建筑卫生陶瓷广阔的市场前景,从传统的日用陶瓷、艺术陶瓷转产建筑卫生陶瓷。1983年以后,以佛山地区为首的产品结构调整．逐步将中国建筑卫生陶瓷产业发展推向高潮,到2003年为止,全国陶瓷墙地砖总产量已经超过了20亿m^2／年,成为全世界最大的陶瓷生产和消费国。     

The Effects of Screw Geometry on the Pumping Efficiency of Micro‐Screw Pump

The design of a novel micro‐screw pump for viscous fluid is described. The device consists of a rotating screw in the centre of the channel, connected with a shaft and micro motor. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of using various screw geometries on the pump performance. Theoretical analysis by finite volume simulations is carried out to study the influence of pitch, diameter of the screw and the thread (flight depth) to evaluate the optimal dimensions for the pump and to obtain the maximum flow rate. When the screw rotates, a net force is transferred to the fluid due to the differential pressure on the depth of the thread and pressure gradient along the screw axis, thus causing the fluid to displace. The three‐dimensional simulations indicate a gradual increase of the average velocity with increasing the screw diameter. The maximum average velocity can be obtained when the ratio between the pitch and screw diameter (pi/d) is 0.6. Effective pumping is achieved by increasing the thread and pitch at maximum screw diameter. The numerical simulation has been validated experimentally.     

Phase Equilibria in the System “FeO”-CaO-SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>-Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>-MgO at Different CaO/SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> Ratios

The “FeO”-containing slags play an important role in the operation of an ironmaking blast furnace (BF), in particular the primary slags such as the system “FeO”-CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-2 mass pct MgO with CaO/SiO₂ weight ratios of 1.3, 1.5, and 1.8 saturated with metallic iron. To investigate the characteristics of such a slag system and its behavior in BF, the phase equilibria and liquidus temperatures in the slag system have been experimentally determined using the high-temperature equilibration and quenching technique followed by an electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA). Isotherms between 1553 K and 1603 K (1280 °C and 1330 °C) were determined in the primary phase fields of dicalcium silicate, melilite, spinel, and monoxide [(Mg,Fe²⁺)O]. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams of (CaO + SiO₂)-Al₂O₃-“FeO” with a fixed MgO concentration at 2 mass pct and at CaO/SiO₂ ratios of 1.3, 1.5, and 1.8 have been discussed, respectively, simplifying the complexity of the slag system for easy understanding and applying in BF operation. It was found that the liquidus temperatures increase in melilite and spinel primary phase fields, but decrease in dicalcium silicate and monoxide primary phase fields with increasing Al₂O₃/(CaO + SiO₂) ratio. In addition, the liquidus temperatures decrease with increasing “FeO” concentration in dicalcium silicate and melilite primary phase fields, while showing an increasing trend in the spinel and monoxide primary phase fields. The data resulted from this study can be used to improve and optimize currently available database of thermodynamic models used in FactSage.     

Structural Features of a Full-Length Ubiquitin Ligase Responsible for the Formation of Patches at the Plasma Membrane

Plant U-box armadillo repeat (PUB-ARM) ubiquitin (Ub) ligases have important functions in plant defense through the ubiquitination of target proteins. Defense against pathogens involves vesicle trafficking and the formation of extracellular vesicles. The PUB-ARM protein SENESCENCE ASSOCIATED UBIQUITIN E3 LIGASE1 (SAUL1) can form patches at the plasma membrane related to tethering multi-vesicular bodies (MVBs) to the plasma membrane. We uncovered the structure of a full-length plant ubiquitin ligase and the structural requirements of SAUL1, which are crucial for its function in patch formation. We resolved the structure of SAUL1 monomers by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The SAUL1 model showed that SAUL1 consists of two domains: a domain containing the N-terminal U-box and armadillo (ARM) repeats and the C-terminal ARM repeat domain, which includes a positively charged groove. We showed that all C-terminal ARM repeats are essential for patch formation and that this function requires arginine residue at position 736. By applying SAXS to polydisperse SAUL1 systems, the oligomerization of SAUL1 is detectable, with SAUL1 tetramers being the most prominent oligomers at higher concentrations. The oligomerization domain consists of the N-terminal U-box and some N-terminal ARM repeats. Deleting the U-box resulted in the promotion of the SAUL1 tethering function. Our findings indicate that structural changes in SAUL1 may be fundamental to its function in forming patches at the plasma membrane.     

Social face in conflict: Effects of affronts to person and position in China.

Social face concerns have been theorized as greatly affecting management of conflict and as likely to lead to conflict avoidance, especially among collectivist people. However, this study proposed that confirmation of personal face, even with strong negative evaluations of position, can facilitate the effective use of open disagreement to make decisions. Experimental findings obtained in China indicated that confirmation of personal face, compared with affronts, developed a cooperative context for conflict management; specifically, it promoted uncertainty about one's original position, exploration and understanding of the opposing view, efforts to integrate positions, and confidence in the relationship. Affronts to position had very modest effects on the dynamics and outcomes of conflict. Results were interpreted as suggesting that group members can manage their conflicts constructively when they communicate a direct confirmation of face. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)