全文获取类型
收费全文 | 111421篇 |
免费 | 6574篇 |
国内免费 | 3192篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 4432篇 |
技术理论 | 10篇 |
综合类 | 5188篇 |
化学工业 | 16039篇 |
金属工艺 | 4189篇 |
机械仪表 | 4768篇 |
建筑科学 | 6238篇 |
矿业工程 | 2217篇 |
能源动力 | 2323篇 |
轻工业 | 7339篇 |
水利工程 | 1905篇 |
石油天然气 | 3753篇 |
武器工业 | 535篇 |
无线电 | 10094篇 |
一般工业技术 | 11861篇 |
冶金工业 | 24787篇 |
原子能技术 | 903篇 |
自动化技术 | 14606篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 369篇 |
2023年 | 1375篇 |
2022年 | 2231篇 |
2021年 | 2995篇 |
2020年 | 2274篇 |
2019年 | 1843篇 |
2018年 | 2502篇 |
2017年 | 2815篇 |
2016年 | 3128篇 |
2015年 | 3451篇 |
2014年 | 3766篇 |
2013年 | 4304篇 |
2012年 | 6436篇 |
2011年 | 7136篇 |
2010年 | 4545篇 |
2009年 | 4466篇 |
2008年 | 4290篇 |
2007年 | 4063篇 |
2006年 | 3844篇 |
2005年 | 6165篇 |
2004年 | 4678篇 |
2003年 | 3924篇 |
2002年 | 2567篇 |
2001年 | 2280篇 |
2000年 | 1959篇 |
1999年 | 2626篇 |
1998年 | 7839篇 |
1997年 | 5194篇 |
1996年 | 3889篇 |
1995年 | 2599篇 |
1994年 | 2074篇 |
1993年 | 1796篇 |
1992年 | 794篇 |
1991年 | 696篇 |
1990年 | 643篇 |
1989年 | 582篇 |
1988年 | 511篇 |
1987年 | 374篇 |
1986年 | 307篇 |
1985年 | 247篇 |
1984年 | 129篇 |
1983年 | 121篇 |
1982年 | 179篇 |
1981年 | 207篇 |
1980年 | 225篇 |
1979年 | 72篇 |
1978年 | 103篇 |
1977年 | 617篇 |
1976年 | 1331篇 |
1975年 | 100篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
991.
Carbon-encapsulated Fe nanoparticles with size between 5 and 20 nm were synthesized via a picric acid-detonation-induced pyrolysis of ferrocene, which is characterized by a self-heating and extremely fast process. The nanoparticles exhibit well-constructed core-shell structures, with bcc-Fe cores and graphitic shells. The graphitic shells can protect effectively the cores against the attack of HNO3 solution. The formation of the core-shell nanoparticles can be selectively controlled by adjusting the composition of the picric acid-ferrocene mixture, which determines C/Fe atomic ratio of the reaction system. The core-shell nanoparticles are preferably formed at low C/Fe atomic ratios, while tubular structures are formed at high C/Fe ratio. The possible pathway for the carbon-encapsulated Fe nanoparticles formation is discussed briefly. 相似文献
992.
A novel benzodithioate compound with a pyrene structure in the R group, pyrenylmethyl benzodithioate (PMB) was synthesized. Using PMB as the chain transfer agent (CTA), the RAFT polymerizations of styrene with AIBN as an initiator were carried out in different reaction conditions. The results indicated that PMB was an effective CTA for the RAFT polymerizations of styrene with the “living”/controlled characteristics. The structures of the obtained polymers were characterized by 1H NMR. The results showed that majority of the polymer chains contained the pyrene moiety in the chain end. The enhanced fluorescence property in CHCl3 solution was observed. The chain-extension experiments of the obtained polystyrene (PS) with the monomers of styrene and methyl acrylate were successfully carried out. 相似文献
993.
We have solved both steady state and transient problems on the biofiltration of toluene vapor. The effect of inlet toluene
concentration and inlet gas-flow rate on the removal rate of toluene and the elimination capacity of a lab-scale biofilter
has been investigated. In this study, the effectiveness factor was a function of pollutant concentration. The dynamic solutions
show good agreement with experimental results. At an inlet toluene concentration of 100 ppm, the diffusion of toluene into
biofilm was obviously a rate determining step. Above 200 ppm, however, biofilm already showed full activity. The steady-state
simulation confirmed that the change of elimination capacity obtained by increasing only inlet toluene concentration was the
same as that obtained by increasing only flow rate of contaminated air. The maximum possible performance is about 20 g/m3h with no addition of nutrients. 相似文献
994.
Solid extraction of caffeine and theophylline from green tea by molecular imprinted polymers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dexian?Wang Seung?Pyo?Hong Kyung?Ho?RowEmail author 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2004,21(4):853-857
This paper involves a feasibility study on using molecular imprinted polymers as the sorbent materials in solid phase extraction
for caffeine and theophylline from green tea. Two kinds of MIPs, with caffeine-theophylline mixture and pentoxifylline-theophylline
mixture as the templates respectively, MAA as the monomer, EDMA as the crosslinker and ATBN as the initiator, were applied
to this purpose. Mixture solution of caffeine and theophylline (1 Μg/ ml in acetonitrile) was applied to the solid extraction
cartridges following a load, wash and elute procedure with acetonitrile, methanol, methanol-acetic acid (90/10, v/v) as the
solvents, respectively. This solid phase extraction protocol was applied for extraction of caffeine and theophylline from
green tea. Comparison between the results obtained with the MIPs cartridges and a traditional C18 reversed-phase cartridge was made. It showed that the MIP-based sorbent on the solid phase extraction was comparable with
that of C18 material. HPLC analysis using a C18 column (5 Μm, 250× 4.6 mm from Rstech corporation), methanol: water (60 :40, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6
ml/min was applied for the quantitative determination. 相似文献
995.
Xiufeng Hao Xiaofeng Lu Zhenyu Li Yiyang Zhao Tiecun Shang Qingbiao Yang Ce Wang Lijuan Li 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2006,102(3):2889-2893
Polyacrylonitrile colloidal microspheres have been successfully prepared with different concentrations of electrospraying polyacrylonitrile solutions. The morphology of the colloidal spheres has two kinds of structures and is strongly affected by electrospray‐ionization parameters, such as the polymer concentration, applied voltage, and distance between the electrodes. The solvent can also affect the morphology of polyacrylonitrile. The optimum conditions for preparing colloidal spheres have been found, and differential scanning calorimetry results indicate that polyacrylonitrile colloid spheres are amorphous. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 2889–2893, 2006 相似文献
996.
Yong?An?Jung Du?Young?Choi Seung?Bum?Hong Kyung?Ho?RowEmail author 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2003,20(4):705-708
Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was successfully developed for the simultaneous and rapid separation for the main whey proteins, α-Lactalbumin and β-Lactoglobulin. This method consisted of a linear gradient of the two mobile phases of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water and 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile. The total run time for this separation was approximately 30 min, and α-Lactalbumin was eluted followed byβ- Lactoglobulin. The injection volume was fixed at 20 μl and the flow rate was 1 ml 1/min. The optimum mobile phase composition and gradient conditions to separate α-Lactalbumin and β-Lactoglobulin (A+B) were experimentally obtained at the 15 μm particle with a pore size of 300 Å on the linear-gradient mode. 相似文献
997.
Dietary stearic acid and risk of cardiovascular disease: Intake,sources, digestion,and absorption 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
Individual FA have diverse biological effects, some of which affect the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In the context
of food-based dietary guidance designed to reduce CVD risk, fat and FA recommendations focus on reducing saturated FA (SFA)
and trans FA (TFA), and ensuring an adequate intake of unsaturated FA. Because stearic acid shares many physical properties with the
other long-chain SFA but has different physiological effects, it is being evaluated as a substitute for TFA in food manufacturing.
For stearic acid to become the primary replacement for TFA, it is essential that its physical properties and biological effects
be well understood. 相似文献
998.
Enzymatic production of alkyl esters through alcoholysis: A critical evaluation of lipases and alcohols 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
Li?Deng Xuebing?XuEmail author Gudmundur?G.?Haraldsson Tianwei?Tan Fang?Wang 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2005,82(5):341-347
This paper focuses on a detailed evaluation of commercially available immobilized lipases and simple monohydric alcohols for
the production of alkyl esters from sunflower oil by enzymatic alcoholysis. Six lipases were tested with seven alcohols, including
straight and branched-chain primary and secondary alcohols. The reactions were conducted in a batch stirred reaction vessel
using stoichiometric amounts of substrates under solvent-free conditions. Dramatic differences in alcoholysis performance
were observed among the different lipases. For most of the alcohols, Novozym 435 produced the highest yield of FA alkyl esters,
with yields well over 90% for methanol, absolute ethanol, and 1-propanol. Overall, 96% ethanol was the preferred alcohol for
all lipases except Novozym 435, and ethanolysis reactions reached the maximal conversion efficiency. Increasing the water
content in the system resulted in an increased degree of conversion for all lipases except Novozym 435. The secondary alcohol
2-propanol significantly reduced the alcoholysis reaction with all lipases; however, the branch-chain isobutanol was more
advantageous than linear 1-butanol for Novozym 435, Lipozyme RMIM, and Lipase PS-C. Many commercial immobilized lipases are
highly efficient and promising for the production of alkyl esters, offering high reaction yields and a simple operation process. 相似文献
999.
Nor?Azowa?IbrahimEmail author Faraj?Abu-Ilaiwi Mohamad?Zaki?Ab.?Rahman Mansor?B.?Ahmad Khairul?Zaman?M.?Dahlan Wan?Md?Zin?Wan?Yunus 《Journal of Polymer Research》2005,12(3):173-179
Grafting of acrylamide (AAm) onto oil palm empty fruits bunch fiber using hydrogen peroxide as initiator and methyl acrylate as comonomer was investigated. The amount of comonomer needed to make grafting of acrylamide possible was determined. The percentage of poly(acrylamide) and the comonomer in the final graft copolymer was estimated by elemental analysis. Results obtained indicated that methyl acrylate facilitated the incorporation of acrylamide monomer onto OPEFB. The reactivity ratios for both monomers were determined by using Fineman–Ross plot. The effects of reaction temperature and period as well as amount of the initiator, solvent, monomer and comonomer on the percentage of grafting at fixed amount of comonomer (11 mmol) were studied. Maximum percentage of grafting was achieved when the amount of initiator and solvent 3.98×10−3 mol and 50 mL respectively. The optimum reaction temperature was 50 ○C and the reaction period was 90 min. Highest percentage of grafting was 232% when 25.6 mmol of acrylamide was used under these optimum conditions. The presence of functional group in the grafted polymer is characterized by infrared spectroscopy and the surface morphology is observed by scanning electron microscopy. Thermoanalytic investigation on OPEFB and OPEFB-g-PAAM were carried out to evaluate the thermal stability and respective activation energy of the materials. 相似文献
1000.