EPR evidence for the involvement of free radicals in the iron-catalysed decomposition of qinghaosu (artemisinin) and some derivatives; antimalarial action of some polycyclic endoperoxides

The role of pharmacies that specialize in the treatment of specific chronic diseases in the alternate-site health care setting is discussed. The optimal use of medications through disease management programs can improve patient outcomes and lower overall health care costs. The increase in disease management programs has spawned the growth of disease-specific pharmacies in the home care and other alternate-site health care settings. These pharmacies usually operate from a single location or are regionalized operations that deliver pharmaceutical products to patients throughout the United States. The pharmacies employ clinicians who specialize in a particular disease. These clinicians conduct comprehensive patient education programs, drug-use review, and compliance monitoring. Disease management pharmacies focus on chronic, expensive diseases; costs related to inventory, equipment, and storage can be very high. Many disease management pharmacies are involved in preferred-distribution or closed-distribution arrangements with pharmaceutical manufacturers. Pharmacists involved in disease management programs routinely send compliance information about their patients to pharmaceutical companies, managed care organizations, or prescribing physicians. Disease management pharmacies act as advocates for patients with particular chronic diseases. Various foundations and patient advocacy and research groups have created their own disease management pharmacies. Disease management has also reached the community pharmacy practice setting. Pharmacies specializing in the treatment of specific chronic diseases in the alternate-site health care setting can improve health care and promote efficient use of health care dollars.     

The effect of elastic anisotropy on dislocations in Ni3Fe

The single crystal elastic constants of Ni₃Fe were measured by an ultrasonic interferometric technique in the temperature range -196° to 300°C. Both C₁₁ and C₄₄ decrease with increasing temperature, while C₁₂ remains almost constant below room temperature, then increases with temperature up to 100°C and subsequently decreases as temperature increases further. The constants have been used to calculate 1) the interaction force between parallel Shockley partial dislocations and 2) the energy factor of a straight perfect dislocation as a function of dislocation orientation. While dissociation of a screw dislocation seems quite normal, the forces between partials in a dissociated edge dislocation are attractive at -196° and 100°C. In general, the maximum stacking fault energy for which dissociation is energetically favorable, γ_m, decreases as temperature increases. Inverse Wulff plots indicate that thea/2 <110> total dislocation in Ni₃Fe is stable for all orientations and temperatures.     

Reactions of living polytetrahydrofuran with amines: 1. Pyridine

Pyridine has been shown to react rapidly and quantitatively with living cationic polyTHF to yield terminal pyridinium groups. These ionic groups interact with the matrix of gel permeation chromatography columns to give traces with asymmetric peaks at retention times longer than those obtained with THF polymers of the same molecular weight not possessing polar terminal units. This reaction has also been applied to pyridine units attached to polymer chains to yield graft copolymers quantitatively.     

Role of illness in producing learned taste aversions in rats: A comparison of several rodenticides.

Compared several toxic agents to test the effect of various types of illness in producing learned taste aversions. Ss in 2 experiments were 90 female and 26 male Sprague-Dawley rats. After a 10-min sucrose drinking trial, groups of Ss were injected ip with lithium chloride or with a strong, near lethal dose of a rodenticide. Strong sucrose aversions were acquired by groups injected with lithium chloride, copper sulfate, sodium fluoroacetate, or red squill, and very weak or no aversions were learned by groups injected with thallium, warfarin, cyanide or strychnine. Results are discussed in terms of onset of symptoms, duration of symptoms, and kinds of physiological effects necessary to produce aversions. It is concluded that the effects of different drugs may be mediated by different physiological systems in producing learned taste aversions. (33 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)