Bestimmung natürlich vorkommender steroidaler Sexualhormone (Androgene und Gestagene) in Rindfleisch

The content of 10 naturally occurring steroidal sex hormones (androgens and progestogens), their biosynthetic precursors and metabolites was determined in 62 samples of beef (bulls, steers, heifers). After enzymatic hydrolysis of their conjugates, the steroids were extracted from the tissue by liquid-liquid extraction and purified by solid phase extraction. The identification and quantification was carried out by GC-MS of the trimethylsilyl ethers. The progestogens progesterone and pregnenolone were quantitatively dominant (43,7 and 6,5 μg/kg respectively). The highest steroid concentrations were determined in female cattle.     

Detergent alcohols. I. The effect of alcohol structure and molecular weight on surfactant properties

A large number of aliphatic alcohols have been studied to relate performance of the derived surfactants to structure and molecular weight. The alcohols were examined as sulfates, ethoxylates, and ethoxysulfates in heavy-and light-duty compositions. Clear points and surface tensions of aqueous solutions were determined. Cotton detergency was evaluated in a bench-scale test by using artificially soiled test cloths. Foam performance was measured in a soil titration test. In general, excellent performance is observed with derivatives which have 70% or greater n-primary alcohol content. The odd-numbered alcohol derivatives contribute significantly to optimum performance. Presented at the AOCS Meeting, Chicago, October 1964.     

Numerische Berechnung von Ausscheidungsverläufen unter Berücksichtigung der Teilchengeometrie

Berechnung von Ausscheidungsverläufen anhand der Diffusionsgleichung für experimentell ermittelte Teilchengeometrien. Einfluß von Teilchenwachstum und -geometrie auf die Kennwerte des Ausscheidungsverlaufes. Vergleich mit aus Dämpfungsmessungen ermittelten Auslagerungskurven.     

Exact ground state of finite amorphous Ising systems

Branch and bound algorithms of discrete optimization programming are used to find the exact ground state of Ising systems with random antiferromagnetic exchange coupling constants.     

Rasterelektronenmikroskopische Direktbeobachtung metallurgischer Reaktionen bis zu Schmelztemperaturen

Strukturveränderungen bei der Reduktion von Eisenoxiden, ermittelt aus der direkten Beobachtung der metallurgischen Reaktionen im Rasterelektronenmikroskop. Wachstumsmechanismus nadelförmiger Eisenausscheidungen. Volumenänderung bei der Reduktion. Sinterprozesse nach Abschluß der Reduktion. Diskussion der Auswirkungen der Strukturveränderungen auf den Hochofenbetrieb. Hochofentemperatur- und Schmelzversuche im Zusatzgerät zum Rasterelektronenmikroskop.     

Simulated plasma facing component measurements for an in situ surface diagnostic on Alcator C-Mod

The ideal in situ plasma facing component (PFC) diagnostic for magnetic fusion devices would perform surface element and isotope composition measurements on a shot-to-shot (～10?min) time scale with ～1?μm depth and ～1?cm spatial resolution over large areas of PFCs. To this end, the experimental adaptation of the customary laboratory surface diagnostic--nuclear scattering of MeV ions--to the Alcator C-Mod tokamak is being guided by ACRONYM, a Geant4 synthetic diagnostic. The diagnostic technique and ACRONYM are described, and synthetic measurements of film thickness for boron-coated PFCs are presented.     

Vom Hofbräuhaus zum Deutschen Museum – Münchner Bauten aus Eisenbeton 1890 bis 1914 (1)

From Hofbräuhaus to the German Museum – reinforced concrete buildings in Munich from 1890 to 1914. This year (2008) Munich celebrates its 850‐year anniversary and in appropriate publications the authors try to work out the special Munich style. Little attention will be paid to a special chapter of Munich's history – the beginning of construction with reinforced concrete about 1900. Munich can claim that city to have been first in the new building technology and important buildings in reinforced concrete were designed and erected. Unfortunately, today this extraordinary architectural and engineering development is widely forgotten.     

Correlating Nanocrystalline Structure with Electronic Properties in 2D Platinum Diselenide

Platinum diselenide (PtSe₂) is a 2D material with outstanding electronic and piezoresistive properties. The material can be grown at low temperatures in a scalable manner, which makes it extremely appealing for many potential electronics, photonics, and sensing applications. Here, the nanocrystalline structure of different PtSe₂ thin films grown by thermally assisted conversion (TAC) is investigated and is correlated with their electronic and piezoresistive properties. Scanning transmission electron microscopy for structural analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for chemical analysis, and Raman spectroscopy for phase identification are used. Electronic devices are fabricated using transferred PtSe₂ films for electrical characterization and piezoresistive gauge factor measurements. The variations of crystallite size and their orientations are found to have a strong correlation with the electronic and piezoresistive properties of the films, especially the sheet resistivity and the effective charge carrier mobility. The findings may pave the way for tuning and optimizing the properties of TAC-grown PtSe₂ toward numerous applications.