Vehicle Life when Using Corrosion Inhibitors

Russian Engineering Research - It is important to optimize the stages in the vehicle life cycle. The influence of corrosion inhibitors on the change in vehicle quality over time is analyzed by a...     

Non-Coherent Reception of Signals with an Intrasymbol Pseudorandom Frequency Hopping with Majority Addition of Subsymbols

Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics - The noise immunity of receiving signals with pseudorandom tuning of the operating frequency in low-speed radio communication systems under the...     

Discussion on “Analysis of Bingham fluid radial flow in smooth fractures” [J Rock Mech Geotech Eng 12 (2020) 1112–1118]

Recently, Zou et al. (2020a) published a theoretical analysis on the radial flow of a Bingham fluid, where they argued that the classical analysis by Dai and Bird (1981) violates the mass conservation. The present discussion aims to clarify this conflict between those two studies. It is noted that Zou et al. (2020a) presumed the gap-wise mass flux is negligible in the mass conservation equation, while Dai and Bird (1981) did not require so in their model, and this is found to be the origin of the conflict. In fact, Dai and Bird (1981)’s model is shown to not violate the mass conservation. Therefore, those two models should be viewed as separate models derived from different perspectives. Details of the major difference between the two models are discussed.     

A novel Harris hawks’ optimization and k-fold cross-validation predicting slope stability

Engineering with Computers - Stability of the soil slopes is one of the most challenging issues in civil engineering projects. Due to the complexity and non-linearity of this threat, utilizing...     

Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde exposure and risk characterization in California early childhood education environments

Little information is available about air quality in early childhood education (ECE) facilities. We collected single‐day air samples in 2010–2011 from 40 ECE facilities serving children ≤6 years old in California and applied new methods to evaluate cancer risk in young children. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were detected in 100% of samples. The median (max) indoor formaldehyde and acetaldehyde levels (μg/m³) were 17.8 (48.8) and 7.5 (23.3), respectively, and were comparable to other California schools and homes. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde concentrations were inversely associated with air exchange rates (Pearson r = ?0.54 and ?0.63, respectively; P < 0.001). The buildings and furnishings were generally >5 years old, suggesting other indoor sources. Formaldehyde levels exceeded California 8‐h and chronic Reference Exposure Levels (both 9 μg/m³) for non‐cancer effects in 87.5% of facilities. Acetaldehyde levels exceeded the U.S. EPA Reference Concentration in 30% of facilities. If reflective of long‐term averages, estimated exposures would exceed age‐adjusted ‘safe harbor levels’ based on California's Proposition 65 guidelines (10^?5 lifetime cancer risk). Additional research is needed to identify sources of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde and strategies to reduce indoor air levels. The impact of recent California and proposed U.S. EPA regulations to reduce formaldehyde levels in future construction should be assessed.     

Driving variables for eutrophication in lakes of Hanoi by data‐driven technique

To investigate eutrophication in 31 freshwater lakes in Hanoi, Vietnam, water quality and Chlorophyll‐a content were monitored to calculate trophic indices. Twelve of the 15 urban lakes investigated were eutrophic, of which five were hypertrophic, while only seven of the 16 suburban lakes were eutrophic. The Trophic Index (TRIX) was the best predictive index to identify the eutrophication level of the lakes. Classification trees (CTs) were applied to study the trophic status of lakes and identify the driving variables. The results demonstrated that eutrophication in the lakes of Hanoi was driven by nutrients and organic enrichment, as well as by inappropriate management such as unplanned embankment and water uses. DIN, BOD, lake size and embankment were the key parameters controlling eutrophication in the lakes of Hanoi.     

Photocatalytic Disinfection of E. coli Using Silver-Doped TiO2 Coated on Cylindrical Cordierite Honeycomb Monolith Photoreactor Under Artificial Sunlight Irradiation

In this paper, TiO₂ and Ag-doped TiO₂ photocatalysts were coated on the cylindrical cordierite honeycomb monolith (CHM) to evaluate their photocatalytic disinfection against Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria under artificial sunlight irradiation. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed a single-phase anatase structure for TiO₂ samples calcined at 500 °C for 2 h. With the presence of Ag, the bandgap of TiO₂ becomes narrower, and the absorption edge shifts toward the visible region. 6 mol% Ag-doped TiO₂ (6Ag-T) showed a reduction of bandgap energy to 2.2 eV. TiO₂ and Ag-doped TiO₂ solutions were prepared and coated on the channels’ surface of CHM for antibacterial applications. Although monolithic TiO₂ caused a slight decrease in the number of alive E. coli, Ag dopant showed significant improvement in antibacterial properties. 6 mol% Ag-doped TiO₂ coated on CHM (6Ag-T/S10/M) showed strong antibacterial effectiveness against E. coli that the bacterial cell concentration dropped to zero after 1 h of exposure. Impressively, reusability tests with these materials showed superior performance, where the antibacterial remains unchanged after five or seven successive operation cycles.

Graphical Abstract

     

ActiveSpaces: Exploring dynamic code deployment for extreme scale data processing

Managing the large volumes of data produced by emerging scientific and engineering simulations running on leadership‐class resources has become a critical challenge. The data have to be extracted off the computing nodes and transported to consumer nodes so that it can be processed, analyzed, visualized, archived, and so on. Several recent research efforts have addressed data‐related challenges at different levels. One attractive approach is to offload expensive input/output operations to a smaller set of dedicated computing nodes known as a staging area. However, even using this approach, the data still have to be moved from the staging area to consumer nodes for processing, which continues to be a bottleneck. In this paper, we investigate an alternate approach, namely moving the data‐processing code to the staging area instead of moving the data to the data‐processing code. Specifically, we describe the ActiveSpaces framework, which provides (1) programming support for defining the data‐processing routines to be downloaded to the staging area and (2) runtime mechanisms for transporting codes associated with these routines to the staging area, executing the routines on the nodes that are part of the staging area, and returning the results. We also present an experimental performance evaluation of ActiveSpaces using applications running on the Cray XT5 at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Finally, we use a coupled fusion application workflow to explore the trade‐offs between transporting data and transporting the code required for data processing during coupling, and we characterize sweet spots for each option. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.