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991.
Color gamut and color shifts of the film-compensated multi-domain in-plane-switching (IPS) and multi-domain vertical alignment (MVA) liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are calculated quantitatively using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and cold-cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) backlight. Simulation results indicate that the LED backlight exhibits better angular color uniformity and smaller color shifts than CCFL. In addition, the color gamut can be further widened and the color shift reduced when using color-sequential RGB-LED backlight without color filters. In general, both IPS and MVA LCDs show relatively small color shift under different backlights, but MVA has a lower color shift using the optimized uniaxial compensation films 相似文献
992.
K. Y. Hsieh Y. L. Hwang J. H. Lee R. M. Kolbas 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1990,19(12):1417-1423
The interdiffusion of In and Ga at an InGaAs-GaAs interface subjected to different annealing temperatures, times, and environments
is demonstrated. The interdiffusion coefficients and activation energies are determined by correlating the shift in the photoluminescence
peaks with the calculated quantum well transition energies based on an error function composition profile. The results indicate
that a higher In composition InxGa1-xGaAs single quantum well (SQW) leads to a higher interdiffusion coefficient of In and Ga in an As overpressure annealing condition.
Also, As overpressure increases the interdiffusion, whereas Ga overpressure reduces the interdiffusion. The thermal activation
energies for different In composition InGaAs-GaAs SQW’s (x = 0.057, 0.10, 0.15) range from 3.3 to 2.6 eV for an As overpressure environment and from 3 to 2.23 eV for the Ga overpressure
situation. With respect to impurity induced disordering by Zn using a Ga or As overpressure significantly effects the depth
of the Zn diffusion front but significant mixing does occur in either case when the impurity front reaches the quantum well. 相似文献
993.
K Chen SC Kuo MC Hsieh A Mauger CM Lin E Hamel KH Lee 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,40(19):3049-3056
As part of our continuing search for potential anticancer drug candidates in the 2-aryl-1,8-naphthyridin-4(1H)-one series, we have synthesized two series of 3'-substituted 2-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridin-4(1H)-ones and 2-naphthyl-1,8-naphthyridin-4(1H)-ones. All compounds showed significant cytotoxic effects (log GI50 < -4.0; log molar drug concentration required to cause 50% growth inhibition) against a variety of human tumor cell lines of the National Cancer Institute's in vitro screen, including cells derived from solid tumors such as non-small cell lung, colon, central nervous system, melanoma, ovarian, prostate, and breast cancers. All 3'-substituted compounds demonstrated strong cytotoxic effects in almost all tumor cell lines. Introduction of an aromatic ring at the 2'- and 3'-positions also generated compounds with potent antitumor activity. Incorporation of an aromatic ring at the 3'- and 4'-positions produced compounds with reduced activity. Interestingly, introduction of a halogen at the 3'-position yielded compounds with different selectivity for the tumor cell lines tested. All 3'-halogenated compounds (29-36) and compounds 38 and 42-44 were potent inhibitors of tubulin polymerization with activities nearly comparable to those of the potent antimitotic natural products colchicine, podophyllotoxin, and combretastatin A-4. Active agents also inhibited the binding of [3H]colchicine to tubulin. 相似文献
994.
This study evaluated synthetic trehalose dicorynomycolate (S-TDCM), an immunomodulator, for its survival enhancing capacity and behavioral toxicity in B6D2F1 female mice. In survival experiments, mice were administered S-TDCM (25-400 micrograms/mouse i.p.) 20-24 hr before 5.6 Gy mixed-field fission-neutron irradiation (n) and gamma-photon irradiation. The 30-day survival rates for mice treated with 100-400 micrograms/mouse S-TDCM were significantly enhanced compared to controls. Toxicity of S-TDCM was measured in nonirradiated mice by locomotor activity, food intake, water consumption, and alterations in body weight. A dose-dependent decrease was noted in all behavioral measures in mice treated with S-TDCM. Doses of 100 and 200 micrograms/mouse S-TDCM significantly reduced motor activity beginning 12 hr postinjection with recovery by 24 hr. A dose of 400 micrograms/mouse significantly decreased activity within the first 4 hr after administration and returned to control levels by 32 hr following injection. Food and water intake were significantly depressed at doses of 200 and 400 micrograms/mouse on the day following drug administration, and were recovered in 24 hr. Body weight was significantly decreased in the 200 micrograms/mouse group for 2 days and in the 400 micrograms/mouse group for 4 days following injection. A dose of 100 micrograms/mouse effectively enhanced survival after fission-neutron irradiation with no adverse effect on food consumption, water intake, or body weight and a minimal, short-term effect on locomotor activity. 相似文献
995.
Chung‐Lin Wen Chang‐Hsi Hsieh Bing‐Yu Chen Ming Ouhyoung 《Computer Graphics Forum》2008,27(7):1765-1772
This paper investigates a new approach for color transfer. Rather than transferring color from one image to another globally, we propose a system with a stroke‐based user interface to provide a direct indication mechanism. We further present a multiple local color transfer method. Through our system the user can easily enhance a defect (source) photo by referring to some other good quality (target) images by simply drawing some strokes. Then, the system will perform the multiple local color transfer automatically. The system consists of two major steps. First, the user draws some strokes on the source and target images to indicate corresponding regions and also the regions he or she wants to preserve. The regions to be preserved which will be masked out based on an improved graph cuts algorithm. Second, a multiple local color transfer method is presented to transfer the color from the target image(s) to the source image through gradient‐guided pixel‐wise color transfer functions. Finally, the defect (source) image can be enhanced seamlessly by multiple local color transfer based on some good quality (target) examples through an interactive and intuitive stroke‐based user interface. 相似文献
996.
Microcoils offer a high degree of mass sensitivity and high magnetic field gradient strength in magnetic resonance microscopy
applications. This paper presents a novel multilayer high-aspect-ratio metal fabrication process that can be used to fabricate
a nanoliter-volume radio frequency (RF) saddle coil with an embedded flow-through fluidic channel for nuclear magnetic resonance
(NMR) applications. The fabrication process is based on repeated electroplating processes and structure release processes.
The achieved aspect ratio of the developed RF saddle coil is 4 with a structure line width of 25 μm. The resistance of the
RF coil and the 1H spectrum line width have been measured and are found to be 0.7 Ω and 350 Hz, respectively. Our results indicate that this
novel fabrication process for RF microcoils is feasible for NMR applications. 相似文献
997.
998.
Cooperative coalitional games study the selection of chain partners, the formation of supply chains and outcome allocations.
The chain value of a coalition depends on the outcome of inter-chain competition. Subsequently, chain partners may accept
their payoffs or decide to defect to another coalition that has made a higher tender offer. The formation and defection continues
until a stable Cournot-Nash equilibrium is reached. This is the state where no player may unilaterally defect to another coalition
and earn a higher profit. We formulate the cooperative coalitional game as a variational inequality problem and propose an
iterative diagonalization algorithm to determine the steady state for the game. The computational results illustrated that
(1) supply-chain competition may not necessarily preserve the same level of social welfare; (2) internalization of resources
and costs may distort the general competition economy; and (3) wielding the power in a supply chain does not necessarily translate
into higher profits. 相似文献
999.
Despite the importance and magnitude of biomedical research, little is known about its development and responsiveness to current health needs. Herein, we characterized the evolution of disease specific biomedical research and assess the alignment of research and translational efforts with disease burden. Publication patterns for approximately 2700 diseases indicated a fluid landscape of modern biomedical interests. In studying a subset of diseases with available data, overall measures of disease burden explained a large fraction of publication variance but only a small portion of NIH funding variance. In addition, discrete measures of mortality and morbidity differentially impacted NIH funding levels, research efforts, and the number of clinical trials in the US. Our findings not only scrutinize the relevance of our current biomedical enterprise, but may also serve as a resource for fostering strategies that adequately prepare the scientific community to address future health needs and promote accountability in the allocation of resources. 相似文献
1000.
Wen-Chin Chen Cheng-Yu Hsieh Yu-Ting Weng Fu-Sheng Li Hung-Chun Wu Nae-Lih Wu 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2014,44(11):1171-1177
This study examines the effects of a graphene nanosheet (GNS) conductive additive on the performance of a highly packed (2.5 g cm?3) lithium-ion battery cathode containing 92 wt% Li1.1(Mn0.6Ni0.4)0.9O2 microspheres (approximately 6 μm in diameter). GNSs, approximately 2.0 nm thick and 0.5–1.0 μm in width, are introduced into an electrode slurry in the form of a dispersion in N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone. They are substantially smaller than the oxide particles; therefore, their presence exerts no adverse influence on the packing density of the electrode. A small quantity of the GNS additive (≤200 ppm relative to the oxide mass) can significantly increase the overall electronic conductance and improve the conductance uniformity of the oxide electrode, leading to reduced polarization and enhanced specific capacity and rate performance. However, the GNS additive also promotes solid-electrolyte interphase formation, resulting in resistance buildup and capacity deterioration upon cycling. This study is the first to identify such an adverse effect caused by a graphene additive. The interplay between the positive and negative effects has led to an optimal GNS additive content of approximately 100 ppm, enhancing both the rate and cycle life performance. 相似文献