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991.
992.
Ke Xu Min Zhu GuangWu Hu Liang Zhu YiFeng Zhong Ying Liu JianPing Wu Ning Wang 《中国科学:信息科学(英文版)》2014,57(11):1-24
There is a general consensus about the success of Internet architecture in academia and industry. However, with the development of diversified application, the existing Internet architecture is facing more and more challenges in scalability, security, mobility and performance. A novel evolvable Internet architecture framework is proposed in this paper to meet the continuous changing application requirements. The basic idea of evolvability is relaxing the constraints that limit the development of the architecture while adhering to the core design principles of the Internet. Three important design constraints used to ensure the construction of the evolvable architecture, including the evolvability constraint, the economic adaptability constraint and the manageability constraint, are comprehensively described. We consider that the evolvable architecture can be developed from the network layer under these design constraints. What's more, we believe that the address system is the foundation of the Internet. Therefore, we propose a general address platform which provides a more open and efficient network environment for the research and development of the evolvable architecture. 相似文献
993.
994.
以聚乙烯接枝聚乙二醇(PE—g—PEO)为增容剂并用于酚酞基聚芳醚砜(PES—C)与聚乙烯(PE)共混体系。用力学性能测定等方法研究了增容剂用量、PEO加入量对PES—C与PE共混物拉伸强度的影响。结果表明.一定量的增容剂可以改善:PES—C与PE的相容性并提高PE的拉伸强度;同时.加入少量聚乙二醇(PEO).可以通过改善PES—C的加工熔融性,提高PES—C和PE的相容性,从而改善共混物的力学性能。 相似文献
995.
Associations between apolipoprotein E genotype and circulating F<Subscript>2</Subscript>-isoprostane levels in humans 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dietrich M Hu Y Block G Olano E Packer L Morrow JD Hudes M Abdukeyum G Rimbach G Minihane AM 《Lipids》2005,40(4):329-334
Apolipoprotein E (apoE), an important determinant of plasma lipoprotein metabolism, has three common alleles (ε2, ε3, and
ε4). Population studies have shown that the risk of diseases characterized by oxidative damage, such as coronary heart disease
and Alzheimer’s disease, is significantly higher in ɛ4 carriers. We evaluated the association between apoE genotypes and plasma
F2-isoprostane levels, an index of lipid peroxidation, in humans. Two hundred seventy-four healthy subjects (104 males, 170
females; 46.9±13.0 yr; 200 whites, 74 blacks; 81 nonsmokers, 64 passive smokers, and 129 active smokers) recruited for a randomized
clinical antioxidant intervention trial were included in this analysis. ApoE genotype was determined by PCR and restriction
enzyme digestion. Free plasma F2-isoprostane was measured by GC-MS. Genotype groups were compared using multiple regression analysis with adjustment for sex,
age, race, smoking status, body mass index, plasma ascorbic acid, and β-carotene. Subjects with ε3/ε4 and ε4/ε4 genotype (ε4-carriers)
and with ε2/ε3 and ε3/ε3 (non-ε4-carriers) were pooled for analysis. In subjects with high cholesterol levels (total cholesterol
above 200 mg/dl), plasma F2-isoprostane levels were 29% higher in ε4 carriers than in non-ε4-carriers (P=0.0056). High-cholesterol subjects that are ε4 carriers have significantly higher levels of lipid peroxidation as assessed
by circulating F2-isoprostane levels. 相似文献
996.
The torque–time curves of polypropylene (PP) powder treated under various thermooxidative degradation conditions were obtained through processing in the mixing chamber of a rheometer. Meanwhile, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the corresponding samples were determined, and the quantitative analysis of the carbonyl indices of the FTIR spectra of the samples of the PP powder was carried out to provide evidence for the rheological characterization. PP granules, to which an antideteriorant was added before they were commercially supplied so good antidegradation could be achieved, was investigated for the sake of contrast. The analysis of the experimental results showed that the height of the torque–time curve of the PP powder and the corresponding value of the equilibrium torque could be used to characterize or evaluate the variations of the thermooxidative degradation of the PP powder. Under the same processing conditions, the heights of the torque–time curves of the PP powder and the corresponding values of the equilibrium torque decreased with the enhancement of the thermooxidative degradation treatment before mixing; on the contrary, the heights and areas of the characteristic bands of the carbonyl groups in the FTIR spectra of the PP powder and the corresponding values of the carbonyl index increased. The quantitative analysis of the FTIR spectra provided evidence for the conclusion that the heights of the torque–time curves of the PP powder and the corresponding values of the equilibrium torque could be used to characterize or evaluate the thermooxidative degradation of the PP powder. If the treatment under thermooxidative degradation conditions weakened or the degradation of the PP powder just began (i.e., in the viscosity range for processability), the evaluation method using the heights of the torque–time curves of the PP powder or the corresponding values of the equilibrium torque could provide more sensitivity than the method using the values of the carbonyl index. Consequently, the method using the heights of the torque–time curves to evaluate the thermooxidative degradation of the PP powder had its advantages. The application of the torque–time curves could be used to evaluate not only the variation of the thermooxidative degradation of the PP powder treated under aging conditions before mixing but also the variation of the degradation, including the mechanochemical degradation, of the PP powder during the period of mixing. The dependence of the variation of the degradation of the polymer on the processing time during mixing could be evaluated by the study of the variation of the torque–time curves. It can be concluded that the application of torque–time curves to the evaluation of degradation of PP powder has the advantages of being convenient, real‐time, in situ, online, and production‐oriented. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007 相似文献
997.
Jose E. Herrera Ja Hun Kwak Jian Zhi Hu Yong Wang Charles H. F. Peden 《Topics in Catalysis》2006,39(3-4):245-255
The advantages of the atomic layer deposition (ALD) method for preparation of tungsten, vanadium, titanium, and molybdenum
oxide catalyst supported on mesoporous silica are discussed, with emphasis on the importance of synthesis conditions on dispersion,
structure and activity of the resulting materials. A suite of complementary techniques such as DRS-UV/Vis, BET, 1H-NMR, XRD, and TEM were used to study the structural properties of the supported metal oxides, and probe reactions such as
2-butanol dehydration and ethanol partial oxidation were used to demonstrate the potential advantages of the ALD-prepared
catalysts. Specifically, highly dispersed oxides of titanium, molybdenum, and tungsten oxide on mesoporous silica were synthesized
using the ALD method. It is also demonstrated that attainment of high dispersions of vanadium oxide on mesoporous silica requires
the presence of at least a single layer of titanium oxide due to the well-known poor interaction between vanadia and silica.
The highly dispersed catalysts prepared here by ALD methods exhibited superior catalytic performance relative to those prepared
using conventional incipient wetness impregnation. 相似文献
998.
A series of thermotropic side‐chain liquid‐crystalline ionomers (LCIs) containing 4‐(4‐alkoxybenzyloxy)‐4′‐allyloxybiphenyl (M) as mesogenic units and allyl triethylammonium bromide (ATAB) as nonmesogenic units were synthesized by graft copolymerization upon polymethylhydrosiloxane. The chemical structures of the polymers were confirmed by IR spectroscopy. DSC was used to measure the thermal properties of these polymers. The mesogenic properties were characterized by polarizing optical microscopy, DSC, and X‐ray diffraction. Homopolymers without ionic groups exhibit smectic and nematic mesophases. The nematic mesophases of the ionomers disappear and the mesomorphic temperature ranges decrease with increasing concentration of ionic units. The influence of the alkoxy chain length on clearing temperature (Tc) values of ionomers clearly shows an odd‐even effect, similar to that of other side‐chain liquid‐crystalline polymers. The mesomorphic temperature ranges increase with increasing alkoxy chain length when the number of alkoxy carbon is over 3. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 2879–2886, 2003 相似文献
999.
建立了利用静态法测定溶液蒸气压的装置,它包括平衡器、零压计、水银压差计、脱气室以及高真空设备。在此装置中测定了醋酸-水二元系在25—75℃范围内的蒸气压。为了得到完整的恒温汽液数据,利用我们先前发展的一个直接热力学方法来计算平衡汽相组成,计算时考虑了汽相缔合。本文中用表格形式发表了所得的计算结果。 为了拟合实验数据,用了一个由热力学推导得到的关联活度系数与温度的多项式,多项式参数由最小二乘法求得。利用这些参数,并外推至常压,预测所得泡点和汽相组成与文献报导的恒压实验数据,具有良好地一致。这些参数,可在低压至常压的广阔范围内的实际汽液平衡计算中使用。 相似文献
1000.