偏最小二乘方法在中药指纹图谱相似度研究中的应用

本文介绍了偏最小二乘作为1种新的方法应用于指纹图谱的相似度比较计算中.偏最小二乘方法通过从中药色谱或光谱数据中提取大量信息来预测出1个响应值.本文中利用偏最小二乘方法为基础来计算中药色谱指纹图谱的相似度.相比较于传统的相似度计算方法,上述方法得到的结果更加明确可靠,并且计算量少于其他算法.     

An efficient state space generation for the analysis of real-timesystems

State explosion is a well-known problem that impedes analysis and testing based on state-space exploration. This problem is particularly serious in real time systems because unbounded time values cause the state space to be infinite even for simple systems. The author presents an algorithm that produces a compact representation of the reachable state space of a real time system. The algorithm yields a small state space, but still retains enough information for analysis. To avoid the state explosion which can be caused by simply adding time values to states, our algorithm uses history equivalence and transition bisimulation to collapse states into equivalent classes. Through history equivalence, states are merged into an equivalence class with the same untimed executions up to the states. Using transition bisimulation, the states that have the same future behaviors are further collapsed. The resultant state space is finite and can be used to analyze real time properties. To show the effectiveness of our algorithm, we have implemented the algorithm and have analyzed several example applications     

Transient temperature responses of hydronic radiant floor heating system by different pipe embedding depth and water supply condition

"Ondol" is a Korean unique heating system. It is a specific radiant floor heating system using combustion heat of briquette or timber in Korea. Such traditional "Ondol" is changed to radiant heating system with pipe-coil embedded in the floor or slab. This study has contributed to the understandings of the transient behaviours of Ondol-heated floor panels and enclosure exposed to this type of heating system. The result is that the water supply temperature had a large effect on the rate of increase in floor surface and room air temperature. But, in spite of a higher water supply temperature, the heat flow rate was not increased considerably. The shallow pipe embedding depths, of course, result in a low heat flow rate.     

Wave–current interaction with a vertical square cylinder at different Reynolds numbers

Railway Engineering Science - Large eddy simulation is performed to study three-dimensional wave–current interaction with a square cylinder at different Reynolds numbers, ranging from 1,000...     

Producing persistent, high-current, high-duty-factor H- beams for routine 1 MW operation of Spallation Neutron Source (invited)

Since 2009, the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) has been producing neutrons with ion beam powers near 1 MW, which requires the extraction of ～50 mA H(-) ions from the ion source with a ～5% duty factor. The 50 mA are achieved after an initial dose of ～3 mg of Cs and heating the Cs collar to ～170 °C. The 50 mA normally persist for the entire 4-week source service cycles. Fundamental processes are reviewed to elucidate the persistence of the SNS H(-) beams without a steady feed of Cs and why the Cs collar temperature may have to be kept near 170 °C.     

Fabrication of a high aspect ratio nanoporous array on silicon

In this study, a simple method for the fabrication of high aspect ratio silicon nanoporous arrays is developed. A N-type silicon wafer is used as the substrate material. A micro-scale pattern of the desired porous array is transferred to the front surface of the silicon wafer by photolithography after which the wafer is placed in a home-made fixture to efficiently expel the etching generated air and promptly hold the back-side illumination light. A halogen lamp is used as the light source for backside illumination to enhance the electron–hole pair generation. An anodization process is then carried out using a new etchant consisting of hydrofluoric acid and mixed EtOH and EMSO surfactant to effectively polish the pore surfaces and sharpen the tips of the etched pores. A nanochannel array with a nano-tip of 61.4?nm is obtained.     

Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) de Wit) prunings as nitrogen source for maize (Zea mays L.)

The effectiveness ofLeucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit, prunings as N source for maize (Zea mays L.) was evaluated in field and pot trials at Ibadan, southern Nigeria. An N deficient, sandy Apomu soil (Psammentic Usthorthent) was used. The prunings significantly increased N uptake of seedlings and N percentage in ear leaves of maize. High maize gain yield was obtained with application of 10 tons fresh prunings or a combination of 5 tons fresh prunings and N at 50 kg ha^–1. The prunings as N source, appeared to be more effective when incorporated in the soil than when applied as mulch. In the pot trial, prunings applied two weeks before planting was more effective than when applied at time of planting maize. Under screen house conditions, the apparent N recovery from prunings with early incorporation about equals that of fertilizer N.