Electronic Markets - The open-source paradigm offers a plethora of opportunities for innovative business models (BMs) as the underlying codebase of the technology is accessible and extendable by... 相似文献
2D metal monochalcogenides have recently attracted interest for photoelectrochemical (PEC) applications in aqueous electrolytes. Their optical bandgap in the visible and near-infrared spectral region is adequate for energy conversion and photodetection/sensing. Their large surface-to-volume ratio guarantees that the charge carriers are photogenerated at the material/electrolyte interface, where redox reactions occur, minimizing recombination processes. However, solution-processed photoelectrodes based on these materials exhibit energy conversion efficiencies that are far from the current state of the art expressed by established technologies. This work reports a systematic morphological, spectroscopic, and PEC characterization of solution-processed films of photoactive InSe flakes for PEC-type photodetectors. By optimizing the thickness and hybridizing InSe flakes with electrically conductive Sn:In2O3 (ITO) nanocrystals, photoanodes with a significant photoanodic response in both acidic and alkaline media are designed, reaching responsivity up to 60.0 mA W−1 (external quantum efficiency = 16.4%) at +0.4 V versus RHE under visible illumination. In addition, a strategy based on the use of sacrificial agents (i.e., 2-propanol and Na2SO3) is proposed to improve the stability of the InSe and ITO/InSe photodetectors. Our data confirm the potential of 2D InSe for PEC energy conversion and sensing applications, remarking the challenges related to InSe stability during anodic operation. 相似文献
Chemistry requires and combines both observable and mental representations. Still we know that learners often struggle in combining these perspectives successfully, especially when experimental observations contradict the model‐based explanations, e. g. in interpreting the chemical equilibrium as dynamic processes while observing a static system without any visible changes. Digital media offer potentials that might not have been accessible to this degree until now. However, we do not know enough with regard to the degree and effects these media tools have in supporting learning processes but perhaps also in hindering them. This article presents four approaches on how to potentially make use of digital media in learning processes based on theoretical considerations and empirical investigations. The projects will explore applications of media as visualization, learning and investigation tools in chemistry education, embracing techniques from virtual realities to eye‐tracking. 相似文献
Hierarchically structured poly(alkyl‐p‐xylylene) (alkyl‐PPX) nonwovens are prepared by specific parameter variation during the electrospinning process. The investigated parameters are changes in solutions properties and ambient humidity level, which lead to the formation of different fiber architectures and surface morphologies. The characterization of the nonwovens by scanning electron microscopy confirms the formation of hierarchically structured fibers, comprising bead‐on‐string architecture if spun from tetrahydrofuran (THF) solutions, and porous surfaces at relative humidity (RH) levels > 30% for both chloroform and THF solutions. The wetting properties of nonwovens spun from THF and chloroform solutions are analyzed by water contact angle (CA) measurements, roll‐angle determination, and high speed imaging. PPX‐heptyl and PPX‐butyl fiber mats spun from 2.5 wt% THF and PPX‐heptyl spun from 3 wt% chloroform solutions at RH > 75% show superhydrophobic and self‐cleaning properties with CA > 153° and roll‐off angles of 10–15°. The nonwovens maintain their fiber morphology and water‐repellent properties after thermal and mechanical stress.
