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排序方式： 共有188条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
52.
Victoria Ilse Rebekka Scholz Michael Wermann Marcel Naumann Martin S. Staege Steffen Roßner Holger Cynis 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(15)
The triggers for the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) have not been fully understood to date. One hypothesis proposes a viral etiology. Interestingly, viral proteins from human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) may play a role in the pathogenesis of MS. Allelic variants of the HERV-K18 env gene represent a genetic risk factor for MS, and the envelope protein is considered to be an Epstein–Barr virus-trans-activated superantigen. To further specify a possible role for HERV-K18 in MS, the present study examined the immunogenicity of the purified surface unit (SU). HERV-K18(SU) induced envelope-specific plasma IgG in immunized mice and triggered proliferation of T cells isolated from these mice. It did not trigger phenotypic changes in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Further studies are needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of HERV-K18 interaction with immune system regulators in more detail. 相似文献
53.
Rania E. Morsi Moataz Elsawy MennatAllah M. Ali Denis Gentili Massimiliano Cavallini Ilse Manet Elisa Bandini Alessandro Venturini Massimo Benaglia Barbara Ventura 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2020,137(9):48408
Polysulfone-based materials were fabricated as casted films, porous membranes, and nanofibers by solution casting, phase inversion process, and electrospinning technique, respectively. Photoactive rhodamine B hydrazide molecules were loaded into the fabrics either in preloading or postloading processes. The morphological structure of the fabrics was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and the wettability was determined by contact angle measurements. Detailed spectroscopic characterizations of the closed and open forms of rhodamine B was performed both in solution and in the solid-state composite materials. Theoretical investigations supported the depiction of the absorption and emission features of the two forms. The response of the prepared composite materials to Cu(II) ions has been tested by absorption and emission spectroscopy and confocal fluorescence imaging. The most effective materials for Cu(II) detection were found to be polysulfone films prepared by phase inversion and postloaded with 10% rhodamine B hydrazide. These results open the way to the development of composite sensory membranes. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48408. 相似文献
54.
Sarah K. Hakuno Ellis Michiels Eleonore B. Kuhlemaijer Ilse Rooman Lukas J. A. C. Hawinkels Marije Slingerland 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(6)
Cancers affecting the gastrointestinal system are highly prevalent and their incidence is still increasing. Among them, gastric and pancreatic cancers have a dismal prognosis (survival of 5–20%) and are defined as difficult-to-treat cancers. This reflects the urge for novel therapeutic targets and aims for personalised therapies. As a prerequisite for identifying targets and test therapeutic interventions, the development of well-established, translational and reliable preclinical research models is instrumental. This review discusses the development, advantages and limitations of both patient-derived organoids (PDO) and patient-derived xenografts (PDX) for gastric and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). First and next generation multicellular PDO/PDX models are believed to faithfully generate a patient-specific avatar in a preclinical setting, opening novel therapeutic directions for these difficult-to-treat cancers. Excitingly, future opportunities such as PDO co-cultures with immune or stromal cells, organoid-on-a-chip models and humanised PDXs are the basis of a completely new area, offering close-to-human models. These tools can be exploited to understand cancer heterogeneity, which is indispensable to pave the way towards more tumour-specific therapies and, with that, better survival for patients. 相似文献
55.
Lyuben Zagorchev Wolfgang Stggl Denitsa Teofanova Junmin Li Ilse Kranner 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(14)
Parasitic angiosperms, comprising a diverse group of flowering plants, are partially or fully dependent on their hosts to acquire water, mineral nutrients and organic compounds. Some have detrimental effects on agriculturally important crop plants. They are also intriguing model systems to study adaptive mechanisms required for the transition from an autotrophic to a heterotrophic metabolism. No less than any other plant, parasitic plants are affected by abiotic stress factors such as drought and changes in temperature, saline soils or contamination with metals or herbicides. These effects may be attributed to the direct influence of the stress, but also to diminished host availability and suitability. Although several studies on abiotic stress response of parasitic plants are available, still little is known about how abiotic factors affect host preferences, defense mechanisms of both hosts and parasites and the effects of combinations of abiotic and biotic stress experienced by the host plants. The latter effects are of specific interest as parasitic plants pose additional pressure on contemporary agriculture in times of climate change. This review summarizes the existing literature on abiotic stress response of parasitic plants, highlighting knowledge gaps and discussing perspectives for future research and potential agricultural applications. 相似文献
56.
Tiago Moreira Francesca Di Maria Mattia Zangoli Eduardo Fabiano Ilse Manet Raffaello Mazzaro Vittorio Morandi Martina Marinelli Giuseppe Gigli António Jorge Parola César A. T. Laia Giovanna Barbarella 《Advanced Electronic Materials》2021,7(7):2100166
The development of semiconductor polymers for electronic applications requires tailored synthetic strategies to obtain materials with tunable electronic properties and morphology to enhance their properties. Towards this goal, here is reported the expedient synthesis of a novel class of thiophene-based electrochromic polymers, processable in organic solvents and as nanoparticles (NPs) in water. Their characterization and application in flexible solid-state electrochromic devices (ECDs) are described. All polymers have a repeat unit made of the same linear thienyl–phenyl–thienyl–thienyl fragment. The tuning of the electro-optical properties is achieved by introducing alkyl or alkoxy substituents in thiophene and/or by the presence of either CHCH or CH2 CH2 linkers connecting the repeat units and acting as conjugation modulators. The ECDs display a bright yellow or red/magenta color in the neutral state and dark blue in the oxidized state. Redox potentials, color contrast, switching time, and stability of the devices are reported, and it is demonstrated that the use of NPs films spray-coated from water instead of cast films from chloroform significantly improves their performance. Density functional theory calculations allow to elucidate the relationship between polymer structure and electrochromic properties and shed light on electronic structure changes upon oxidation, in agreement with spectroelectrochemistry. 相似文献
57.
58.
Ceramic filters are used to avoid slag and impurities in foundry applications. When not properly applied, the presence of these filters may have a significant influence on mould filling. 3-D casting simulation has been applied to study the effects of the use of a ceramic filter on the metal flow in a gating system. Instead of using a pressure drop model to represent the behaviour of a fluid metal flow passing through a filter, a real exact filter geometry, which is created by a high resolution CT-scan and a non-destructive imaging technique, in the gating system is applied in the simulation. In this research, nodular cast iron is poured into a block casting. A depressurized gating system is used. After a choke, a filter with different orientations is placed in the system. Mould filling coupled with temperature is simulated. Geometries using different orientations of the filter, and without the filter have been researched. The simulated results show that the filter has no influence on the pouring time of the casting if the choke section is small enough compared to the effective section of the filter. Although the filter has no significant influence on the flow patterns in the block casting itself, the flow patterns in the filter zone are different. When the liquid metal passes a horizontal filter, it will be broken into many small streams and show a shower effect. After the part under the filter is full, the shower effect disappears. When the filter is located at the vertical position, due to the gravity, the shower effect is less. If no filter presents on the system, the liquid metal passes through the filter zone with a high speed and causes surface turbulence. 相似文献
59.
Bacteria colonizing BAC filters used in drinking water purification from lake water were characterized by morphology, physiological tests, whole cell protein profiles and PLFA (phospholipid fatty acid) composition, and identified by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Epifluorescence revealed prothecate bacteria to dominate in BAC. The majority of the isolates belonged to order Burkholderiales of β-Proteobacteria, a few to Comamonadaceae but the majority to an undescribed family and the related sequences belonged mainly to uncultured bacteria. Among the less common α-Proteobacteria the genus Sphingomonas and the genera Afipia, Bosea or Bradyrhizobium of the Bradyrhizobiaceae family were detected. The majority of cultured bacteria persisting in the BAC biofilter were Burkholderiales, which according to ecological information are efficient in the mineralisation of dissolved organic matter in BAC. The biotechnical potential of the previously uncultured dominant bacteria warrants to be further studied. 相似文献
60.
B. Maheswaran Mary G. Williams J. Z. Zhang S. Q. Wang C. A. Bonetto Ilse Heyvaert C. Testelin R. S. Markiewicz Bill C. Giessen 《Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism》1996,9(1):135-141
An SEM and STM study was made of terrace formation in partial melt-regrown EuBa2Cu3O7?δ. Terraces form above 920°C, well below the bulk melting temperature (1075±10°C). The terrace formation is accompanied by significant grain growth, possibly triggered by a “surface-melting” transition. Melting occurs in a layer a few monolayers thick, and the highly mobile layers reconstruct into terraced form due to a faceting transition. The terrace growth can be reproduced by a theoretical faceting model. The STM also reveals a finer-scale sinusoidal modulation of the surface, of unknown origin. 相似文献