The prevalence of cryptosporidia among agricultural animals in Azerbaijan]

In the paper are presented the data on revealement of cryptosporidian oocysts (Apicomplexa, Sporozoa) in feces of cattle, swine and sheep of different ages and results of the experimental infection of laboratory animals (rats, mice, rabbits, coypus) with the oocysts detected as well. The latters were attributed to Cryptosporidium parvum species. The analysis of the size characteristic in the isolates of naturally and artificially infected hosts has shown that the oocysts dimensions might vary both in different host species and in different individuals of one host species.     

Application of fusion property estimation within the multisolid wax prediction model on Kazakhstani crude

Precipitation of deposited wax on pipe walls is one of the complex flow assurance problems that cause a decrease and complete blockage of oil production rates by reducing the cross-sectional area of the flow in the pipelines. In addition, surface facilities require higher energy consumption and equipment failure due to paraffin plugs. The purpose of the research is to use the assessment of melting properties in the model of multisolid (MS) forecasting of paraffin in Kazakhstani oil. This article presents the calculation and modification of the fusion properties for a certain Kazakhstani oil for the subsequent calculation of the MS model for predicting wax deposition; numerous approaches have been developed to predict and prevent the flow assurance problems in both science and industry. Most of them are based on predicting the temperature of crystallization of paraffin considering the temperature dependence of the solubility parameters of individual components in the liquid and solid phases, as well as the molar volumes of individual components. Wax deposition can occur anywhere from a reservoir to surface facilities and pipelines. One of the main limitations of the existing models is their applicability to a wide range of crude oil types, while this modified paraffin predicting model will target Kazakhstani crude oil.     

On quantitative determination of volatile organic compound concentrations using proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Proton transfer reaction - mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) has become a reference technique in environmental science allowing for VOC monitoring with low detection limits. The recent introduction of time-of-flight mass analyzer (PTR-ToF-MS) opens new horizons in terms of mass resolution, acquisition time, and mass range. A standard procedure to perform quantitative VOC measurements with PTR-ToF-MS is to calibrate the instrument using a standard gas. However, given the number of compounds that can be simultaneously monitored by PTR-ToF-MS, such a procedure could become impractical, especially when standards are not readily available. In the present work we show that, under particular conditions, VOC concentration determinations based only on theoretical predictions yield good accuracy. We investigate a range of humidity and operating conditions and show that theoretical VOC concentration estimations are accurate when the effect of water cluster ions is negligible. We also show that PTR-ToF-MS can successfully be used to estimate reaction rate coefficients between H(3)O(+) and VOC at PTR-MS working conditions and find good agreement with the corresponding nonthermal theoretical predictions. We provide a tabulation of theoretical rate coefficients for a number of relevant volatile organic compounds at various energetic conditions and test the approach in a laboratory study investigating the oxidation of alpha-pinene.     

Web site accessibility and quality in use: a comparative study of government Web sites in Kyrgyzstan,Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkey

Universal Access in the Information Society - Government Web sites aim to provide information to the citizens of the country; therefore, they should be accessible, easy to use and visible via...     

Accessibility evaluation of top university websites: a comparative study of Kyrgyzstan,Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkey

Universal Access in the Information Society - It is important that university websites and services offered through their sites are used effectively, efficiently and satisfactorily by the whole...     

Influence of the carbonization conditions on the formation of the porous structure of activated carbon from cotton lignin

Carbonization (thermal pyrolysis) is the determining step in the formation of the porous structures and other physicochemical properties of activated carbons obtained from cotton lignin. Activation of the samples carbonized at 800°C produces carbon sorbents with the optimum parameters.     

Mechanisms of biophysical effects of microwaves

According to our and other investigators theoretical and experimental dates biophysical effects of microwaves are defined by thermal and specific biological action. Specific influence are realized by more delicate and precise ways and mechanisms of absorption and molecular relaxation of microwave energy, energy-informative interaction of radio-emission with biosystem. It include three mechanisms: synchronisation of oscillatory processes (oscillators) of irradiated object in acting electromagnetic field; selective influence of microwaves on the biomembranes, on nervous and other highly-organized systems of living organism, on the complex formation processes and fermentative activity; resonance phenomena. These mechanisms connected with parameters of acting electromagnetic field and with electrical, magnetic and other properties of biological systems.     

Properties of the oxide compound spherulites,obtained from the melt in a solar furnace

The properties of the spherulites based on aluminum oxide, mullite, and zirconium dioxide that are obtained by melting and subsequent quenching in a 1000 kW solar furnace are studied. These spherulites are hollow. The thickness of the wall of the sphere is determined by the quenching rate. The microstructure of the spherulites that are based on aluminum oxide consists of crystallites of cubic form, the microstructure of the spherulites that are based on zirconium dioxide consists of micrograins of rounded form. The hardness and the elastic properties exceed the known values for the electrically melted materials that are based on corundum and zirconium dioxide.