燃油加油机潜泵工作过程中的水击现象研究

通过压力传感器和高速数字信号采集系统,研究了燃油加油机潜泵工作过程中产生的水击现象.通过优化油枪结构和规范管路设计降低水击压力峰值,以避免燃油加油机管路和液压元件的泄漏和损坏.     

Bottom-emission organic light-emitting diodes using semitransparent anode electrode by O2 plasma

To improve the performance of bottom-emission organic light-emitting diodes (BEOLEDs), the effect of oxygen plasma treatment duration on the electrical properties of multi-metal Ni/Ag/Ni thin film anode was investigated. The results revealed that a Ni/Ag/Ni thin-film layer formed upon oxygen plasma treatment for 60 s. Our indium-free bottom-emission OLEDs effectively increased the electrical and optical properties by improving their electron–hole recombination and doing a strong micro-cavity effect with the semitransparent multi-metal anode. The green bottom-emission OLEDs show a luminance of 14,280 cd/m², a luminous efficiency of 8.5 cd/A, external quantum efficiency 2.6% EQE, a Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage coordinates of (0.32, 0.58) on flexible substrate.     

Proximity of field distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to chemical equilibria among air, water, soil, and sediment and its implications to the coherence criteria of environmental quality objectives

The proximity of PAHs distribution to the equilibrium states among air, soil, water, and bottom sediment was assessed for future risk management and coherence test among environmental quality objectives (EQOs) in these media. Concurrently measured concentration data in the four media were used. In the study areas (Seoul, Shihwa/Banwol, and Taegu), nonequilibrium states prevailed among air, soil, and water except for some light PAHs between air and water. Elevated concentration in soil particularly caused significant deviation from equilibrium between soil and other media. Coherence criteria among these media should be determined based on steady state (not equilibrium) conditions. Sediment was in or near equilibrium with soil for all PAHs, indicating that sediment quality is closely related to soil quality and that the coherence between the EQOs of the two media is required in the study areas. As the concentration ratio of individual PAHs for a given medium pair was found to vary up to 4 orders of magnitude across the study areas, a factor of 10 as a threshold criterion for incoherence is apparently too strict to apply to the national scale of Korea.     

降黏剂对红浅区原油脱水的影响

考察了降黏剂YZ-1对红浅区原油破乳脱水效果的影响,分析了该区原油脱水困难、外交油不达标的原因.结果表明,随着原油中降黏剂加量的增加,油相含水量增大,原油脱水越来越困难.降黏剂加量0.95%时的油相含水量为20.1%.温度升高有利于消除降黏剂对原油脱水的影响.随着体系中游离水增加,脱水率降低,游离水、稠油质量比1∶5时的脱水率仅为29.9%.降黏剂施工井的游离水中含有大量降黏剂,是造成原油脱水困难的主要原因,游离水质量分数3%时为影响原油脱水的临界点.     

开拓内审领域完善公司治理

内部审计是公司治理过程中不可或缺的组成部分,是完善公司环境和自身发展的要求,其发展方向要向内部管理和控制审计等领域拓展。开拓内部审计领域对完善公司治理具有经济评价、经济鉴证、经济监督等作用。要使内部审计在公司治理中的作用得到充分发挥,必须建立有效的运行机制,如权利制衡、激励约束、信息沟通机制等。     

Phasengleichgewichte in Wasser/Eiweiß/Polysaccharid-Systemen. 1. Systeme Wasser/Casein/saures Polysaccharid

Phase Equilibrium in Water/Protein/Polysaccharide Systems. Part 1. Systems Water/Casein/ Acid Polysaccharide . Taking as examples the most important protein matters, albumins, globulins, glutelins and prolamins as well as acid and neutral polysaccharides the incompatibility of protein and polysaccharides in aqueous media was shown to be a general phenomenon. Unlike synthetic polymers incompatibility of protein and polysaccharides only occurs under certain conditions. Taking into account specific intermolecular interactions makes it possible to predict the conditions for liquid phase layering for any concrete system by means of simple thermodynamic considerations. Incompatibility can be defined by elimination of the possibility of complex formation between protein and polysaccharides and by the raising of selfassociation of at least one polymer. Phase equilibrium in the systems water/casein/alginate, water/casein/carboxymethylcellulose, water/casein/gummi arabicum were thoroughly examined and isothermic phase diagrams of these systems were given. Furthermore, the ways for regulation of compatibility of casein and acid polysaccharides were discussed.