Nano-composite ZrO2/Au film electrode for voltammetric detection of parathion

This work describes the fabrication of ZrO₂/Au nano-composite films and its application for voltammetric detection of organophosphate pesticides. The nano-composite ZrO₂/Au film was prepared through a combination of sol–gel procedure and electroless plating that can be carried out in a general chemistry lab with no need for special facilities and reagents. The sensing performance of the ZrO₂/Au nano-composite film electrode toward parathion was studied with square wave voltammetry. The nano-ZrO₂ showed a strong affinity toward the phosphate group on parathion molecules, which provides sensitivity and selectivity of the sensing film. A linear relationship was obtained between the peak currents and the concentration of parathion, with a detection limit for standard samples of 3 ng/ml. In addition, interference studies showed that structurally similar compounds without phosphate groups would not interfere with the response toward parathion of the film electrode.     

Using bulk micromachined structures to enhance pool boiling heat transfer

This paper presents the important results of enhancing the boiling heat transfer of the pressurized water reactors (PWRs) by using LIGA or LIGA-like techniques to add microstructures on the surface of heater elements. The heater elements were made of 10 mm × 80 mm silicon strips with different in-line square micro-pin-fin configurations of 200 μm fin width, 35 μm fin height, and different inter-fin spacing values of 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 μm and infinity. The experiments were conducted in de-ionized water at the atmospheric pressure. The input power, heater temperature, steam generation rate and video images of boiling phenomena were continuously recorded. Their relationships was studied and used to evaluate the total boiling heat transfer performance. The optimized microstructures can then be mass-fabricated on PWR tubes by using LIGA or LIGA-like technology. The experimental results suggest that by adding micro-sized in-line pin-fin arrays on heater surface and modifying heater surface morphology, the boiling process can be greatly enhanced through the improvements of vapor nucleation and vapor evolution processes at heater surface, which yields a low wall superheat and achieves a higher boiling heat transfer efficiency. The video images showed that the bubble nucleation sites are located immediately on top of each micro-pin fins. At current experimental setup, the 200 μm-spacing heater has the highest steam generation efficiency.     

基于可连Cell的无线传感器网络拓扑控制算法

在无线传感器网络的拓扑控制(TC)中,基于Cell的TC算法被认为是一类可以节省传感器节点能量并延长网络生命周期的方法,但是其需要较多的骨干网节点并且无法保证连通性.通过分析现今算法的内在局限性,提出了一种1-Con思想:当一个Cell的头节点被加入当前骨干网时,所有其可以连接的Cell使用该节点连入拓扑结构,然后此新骨干网递归地继续扩大.基于此思想,设计了一种基于可连Cell的拓扑控制算(CCTC),并从理论上证明:1)CCTC可以保证其所形成的拓扑结构维持网络连通;2)每一轮用于形成骨干网的工作节点非常少.CCTC的计算复杂度是线性的,空间复杂度和信息交换量都是常数量级.仿真实验同样显示,CCTC可以在提供良好鲁棒性和较少的消息交换的情况下,更有效地节省节点能耗并延长网络生命周期.     

基于图像局部结构的扩散平滑

各向异性扩散平滑去噪的主要特点是扩散方向的选择性与定向扩散能力,有效表征信号或图像的局部结构特征是各向异性扩散的基础,传统的梯度表示方法极易受到噪声干扰。该文在分析图像局部结构表征方式的基础上,定义一个图像的局部各向异性强度参数M,提出一个新的扩散方程。试验测试显示,新扩散模型相对于ALM模型与CAZ模型具有更好的噪声压制能力和定向扩散能力,信噪比分别提高了0.1 dB~0.8 dB和0.3 dB~1.2 dB。     

ZigBee接入EPA网络的安全策略

针对ZigBee技术的特点,结合EPA控制网络的安全规范与工业现场实际应用的需要,提出ZigBee接入EPA网络的安全策略与基于安全组态的实现方法。测试表明,通过安全组态增加了设备鉴别、访问控制等安全措施的ZigBee接入点设备和现场设备,有效提高了EPA中ZigBee网络的安全性能,且运行稳定、工作可靠,满足了工作现场的多种需要。     

基于AVS-M的帧间模式快速选择算法

AVS-M是中国自主制订的数字音视频编码系列标准(AVS)中的移动视频编码标准。AVS-M采用了可变块尺寸运动估计和率失真优化模式判决,增加了编码器的复杂度。针对AVS-M帧间预测多预测块模式的特点,文中提出一种选择预测块模式的方法,可以有效地减少判决的模式数量。实验结果表明,该方法保证了视频质量,提高了编码器的编码速度。     

大规模地形实时可视化算法

提出一种实现大规模三维地形可视化的算法。该算法主要通过地形数据分块和多线程数据动态调度技术实现海量地形数据的实时动态调度,利用四叉树结构来简化地形网格,通过引入Y型基元的方法消除边界裂缝。实验结果表明,采用该方法可以实时生成大规模地形,提高地形漫游的效率与可视化效果。     

形态结构特征约束下的树木参数化建模研究

树木建模是构建虚拟森林景观的主要环节,也是三维林业地理信息系统的基础。该文提出一种形态结构特征约束下的树木参数化建模方法,通过引进Bezier曲线控制树干以及树枝形状,并以荔枝树和马尾松为例对该方法进行设计与实现。实验结果表明,该方法能有效提高树木建模过程中的交互能力,较好地突出了树木的形态结构特征。     

上下文感知服务器中基于预测的负载均衡算法

在上下文感知服务器中,需要收集大量的上下文信息并对其进行处理。必须通过服务器集群并采用负载均衡技术才能保证服务器的正常运行。该文提出基于预测负载进行自适应负载均衡的算法,采用支持向量机预测系统运行下一个阶段的负载量,结合当前系统各节点处理情况进行动态负载分配过程,在任务执行过程中,不进行任务的迁移以减少迁移所带来的系统消耗。通过比较表明,在负载变化较大的情况下,算法能够有效地提高服务器性能。     

无线传感器网络应用综述

传感器被越来越多地布置到实际的网络环境中,用于实现某些应用.无线传感器网络已经成为了科学研究领域最前沿的课题之一,引起了工业界和学术界众多研究者的关注.通过总结相关方面的工作,综述在不同领域中无线传感器网络的实际应用,并对具体应用的一些重要特性进行分析,在此基础上提出若干值得继续研究的方面.