Numerical simulation of separated flows in channels

The work deals with numerical modelling of turbulent flows in channels with an expansion of the cross-section where flow separation and reattachment occur. The performance of several eddy viscosity models and an explicit algebraic Reynolds stress model (EARSM) is studied. The used test cases are flows in channels with various backward facing steps where the step is perpendicular or inclined and the top wall is parallel or deflected. Furthermore, a channel with the circular ramp is considered. The numerical solution is achieved by the finite volume method or by the finite element method. The results of both numerical approaches are compared.     

Advancing low-carbon emissions in Asia: mitigation of greenhouse gases and enhancing economic feasibility for major sectors

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy -     

Automated affinity capture-release of biotin-containing conjugates using a lab-on-valve apparatus coupled to UV/visible and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

We report a new method for automated affinity capture and release of biotin-containing conjugates on immobilized streptavidin using a lab-on-valve (LOV) bead injection apparatus. The apparatus is also coupled to UV/visible and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for monitoring the captured and released biotin-containing conjugates. Dissociation rate constants for release from streptavidin of two chromophore-tagged biotin conjugates were measured by UV/visible spectrometry and the dissociation was simultaneously monitored by ESI-MS. The LOV-ESI-MS instrument was also used for repetitive assays of lysosomal beta-galactosidase in human cell homogenates. Fast analysis in 4.5 min/full cycle and robust operation in 60 repetitive analyses are demonstrated that are promising for transfer of the LOV-ESI-MS technology into clinical practice.     

Electrolytically initiated intramolecular cyclization of 2-nitrobiphenyl-2'-carboxylic acid

Controlled-potential electroreduction at mercury cathodes of 2-nitrobiphenyl-2'-carboxylic acid(I) and of its ethyl ester (III) shows that a follow-up intramolecular cyclisation occurs leading prevalently to the corresponding lactam (phenanthridone, reaction (1h)) or to the hydroxamic acid (N-hydroxyphenanthridone, reaction (1a)). The intermediates are the hydroxylamino and the amino derivatives. It follows from comparison of polarographic measurements, cp coulometry and preparative electrolysis that the reduction does not take place here as cp-electrolysis and the competition of non-electrolytical mechanisms must be taken into account.     

Mechanisms and strategies for ash deposition reduction in flue gas heat exchanger

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy - Ash deposition in flue gas heat exchanger affects its heat transfer performance and lifecycle, which becomes a crucial factor restricting the efficient...     

Forward and Backward Four-wave Mixing of Non-classical Light with Pump Depletion

Abstract

Photon statistics and non-classical behaviour of forward and backward four-wave mixing are examined including the coupling of modes in the approximation of small fluctuations around a stationary point, which is analytically determined and conditions for its stability are obtained. The depletion of pump modes is involved and effects of nonlinear dynamics, non-classical behaviour of input radiation, external noise and losses are included.     

Shaping sustainable development to support human welfare

Due to increased environmental awareness and social responsibility, social and human welfare have been increasingly viewed through the prism of sustainable development. As sustainable development is a highly multi-disciplinary field of research, a considerable number of studies have been devoted to this issue. The studies show that sustainable development has become an urgent task for the international community, academia, industry experts, policy makers and the general public, due to the rapidly growing social challenges of mankind. This review article provides a short assessment of the current state-of-the art papers related to sustainable development covered in the recent publications mostly originated from previous SDEWES conferences.     

Application of waste ceramic dust as a ready-to-use replacement of cement in lime-cement plasters: an environmental-friendly and energy-efficient solution

A potential application of waste ceramic dust as cement replacement in lime-cement plasters is studied using both experimental and computational approaches. A comprehensive experimental analysis of the material properties of lime-cement plaster and three lime-pozzolan plasters containing different amounts of waste ceramics is performed at first. The results show that compressive strength of ceramics-containing plasters can be up to three times higher as compared with the lime-cement plaster but their thermal conductivity is higher as well. In the second part of the study, the hygrothermal and energy performance of a characteristic building envelope provided with the four analyzed plasters as surface layers is analyzed. The results of numerical simulations reveal that the application of waste ceramic dust in lime-pozzolan plasters does not have a negative effect on both the hygrothermal and energy performance of the building envelope, as compared with the use of lime-cement plaster. Taking into account the energy demand and environmental load related to cement production, the application of waste ceramic dust as a ready-to-use replacement of cement in lime-cement plasters represents the right step toward sustainable development.