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排序方式: 共有635条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Kadlec Benjamin J. Tufo Henry M. Dorn Geoffrey A. 《Computer Graphics and Applications, IEEE》2010,30(1):30-39
The proposed approach employs domain knowledge about the structure and topology of geologic features in seismic data to steer dynamic surfaces into those features. Specialized attributes guide evolving surfaces by adapting to the features' known shape. Geometric, topological, and geologic information can be rendered on the evolving surface, which lets the user infer knowledge during the process. The approach is implemented in a 3D visualization environment. A user study demonstrates this approach's ability to transfer domain knowledge to nonexperts. This article is part of a special issue on knowledge-assisted visualization. 相似文献
52.
Polyaniline is one of the most important conducting and responsive polymers. A molecular mechanism for the oxidation of aniline is proposed. This mechanism explains the specific features of aniline oligomerization and polymerization in various acidity ranges. The formation of polyaniline precipitates, colloids and thin films is reviewed and discussed on the basis of the chemistry of aniline oxidation. The generation of nanostructures, i.e. granules, nanotubes, nanowires and microspheres, is also considered. Oligomers containing phenazine constitutional units play an important role in self‐assembly to form templates. Polyaniline chains then grow from these templates and produce the various individual morphologies. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
53.
Michal Hoznedl Ladislav Tajc Jaroslav Krejcik Lukas Bednar Kamil Sedlak Jiri Linhart 《Frontiers of Energy and Power Engineering in China》2009,3(3):321-329
In the past, increased attention was given to the development of an optimal shape for the inlet part of LP turbine casings
in SKODA POWER. A double-flow design is typically used for high power output turbines. An optimized shape for the internal
diffuser has been found, which transforms the kinetic energy of steam into increased pressure, thus effectively increasing
the thermodynamic efficiency of the stage. Some conclusions have been drawn from laboratory experiments, others derived directly
from on-site measurements at power plants. The conclusions from the development of double-flow turbines form the basis for
the design of the single-flow turbine arrangement. Single-flow design is typically used for lower output turbines. There are
still some limitations in applying this arrangement. The designer needs to resolve the bearing position and how to ensure
access to them. Reinforcing the ribs and supports are used, therefore, to ensure the rigidity of the entire casing. The optimization
of the single-flow diffuser shape is therefore the subject of the study presented below. 相似文献
54.
55.
Natalia V Blinova Jaroslav Stejskal Miroslava Trchov Jan Proke 《Polymer International》2008,57(1):66-69
Many studies require a specific value of conductivity when investigating conducting polymers. The conductivity of polyaniline can efficiently be controlled by partial protonation of the polyaniline base. Although this is a simple task in principle, practical guidelines are missing. In the present study, the changes in the conductivity of polyaniline base after immersion in aqueous solutions of various acids are reported. Polyaniline base has been reprotonated in aqueous solutions of picric, camphorsulfonic and phosphoric acids. The conductivity of partially reprotonated polyaniline varied between 10−9 and 100 S cm−1. The relation between the pH of a phosphoric acid solution, which was in equilibrium with polyaniline, and the conductivity σ is pH = 0.77 − 0.64 log(σ [S cm−1]). The wettability, i.e. water contact angles, can similarly be set by partial protonation to between 78° for polyaniline base and 44° for polyaniline reprotonated in 1 mol L−1 phosphoric acid. In solutions of picric acid, the transition from the non‐conducting to the conducting state occurs over a narrow range of acid concentrations, and the tuning of conductivity is consequently difficult. Phosphoric acid is well suited for the control of conductivity of polyaniline because of the moderate dependence of the conductivity on the acid concentration or pH. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
56.
Trace metals in Phragmites australis and Phalaris arundinacea growing in constructed and natural wetlands 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Vymazal J Svehla J Kröpfelová L Chrastný V 《The Science of the total environment》2007,380(1-3):154-162
Constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow (HF CWs) designed for treatment of municipal sewage have been monitored extensively with respect to removal of organics, suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus and bacteria. However, the information on the removal of various metals and metalloids in these systems is very limited. During the period 2002-2004 aboveground and belowground biomass of Phragmites australis (common reed) and Phalaris arundinacea (reed canarygrass) were sampled in three HF CWs in the Czech Republic. Concentrations of monitored elements in both aboveground and belowground plant tissues were similar to those found in plants growing in natural stands. The concentrations were much lower as compared to those found in plants growing in wetlands receiving acid mine drainage waters, waters from smelters or highway runoff. Concentrations decrease in the order of roots>rhizomes>leaves>stems. The leaf:stem concentration ratios were quite similar for all monitored elements ranging between 1.0 and 1.9. The root:leaf concentration ratio varied widely between 1.5 (Cu) and 54 (Cr) with a mean value of 20.0. Belowground/aboveground plant tissue concentration ratios varied from 2.2 (Cu) to 32 (Cr) with the average value of 9.9. 相似文献
57.
Patrycja Bober Miroslava Trchová Jan Prokeš Martin Varga Jaroslav Stejskal 《Electrochimica acta》2011,(10):5947
Aniline was oxidized with silver nitrate in aqueous solutions of sulfonic acids: camphorsulfonic, methanesulfonic, sulfamic, or toluenesulfonic acids. Polyaniline–silver composites were produced slowly in 4 weeks in good yield, except for the reaction, which took place in sulfamic acid solution, where the yield was low. Polyaniline in the emeraldine form was identified with UV–visible, FTIR, and Raman spectra. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to determine the silver content, which was close to the theoretical prediction of 68.9 wt.%. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of silver nanoparticles of ca 50 nm average sizes as the dominating species, and hairy polyaniline nanorods having diameter 150–250 nm accompanied them. The highest conductivity of 880 S cm−1 was found with the composite prepared in methanesulfonic acid solution. Its conductivity decreased with temperature increasing in the 70–315 K range, which is typical of metals such as silver. The conductivity of composites prepared in solutions of other acids was lower and increased with increasing temperature. Such dependence is typical of semiconductors, reflecting the dominating role of polyaniline in the conductivity behaviour. It is proposed that interfaces between the polyaniline matrix and dispersed silver nanoparticles play a dominating role in macroscopic level of conductivity. 相似文献
58.
Hynek Hadraba Daniel Drdlik Zdenek Chlup Karel Maca Ivo Dlouhy Jaroslav Cihlar 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2012,32(9):2053-2056
The electrophoretic deposition of alumina and zirconia powders from isopropanolic suspension in the presence of monochloroacetic acid was studied in the constant-current regime. The different levels of electric current during deposition from 250 μA to 48 mA were used. The green density of the deposit depends on the current density and then on the particle velocity during deposition, reaching values from 58% to 61% according to the electric current used. It was found that the lower the green density of the green deposit, the larger the pores. The low green density led to low final fired density and subsequently to the low Vickers hardness HV5 ranging from 2000 to 1650 depending on electric current used. Based on these findings microlaminates having various thickness ratios to achieve different residual stress levels were prepared consisting of alternating layers of alumina and zirconia. 相似文献
59.
Physico-chemical properties of ethanol and aqueous solutions of ethanol are important for chemical engineering calculation, modelling and evaluation of processes during ethanol production and its use for food and non-food applications. The majority of these properties are possible to find in handbooks and tables as Yaws (1999): Chemical Properties Handbook; Miller and Yaws (1976): Correlation constants for liquids; Lide (2007–2008): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics; Hole?ek (2007): Chemical-engineering tables; Critical Data Tables and other literature. Some of them are also accessible online. The goal of this paper is to present the formulas and developed algorithms for calculation of extended properties of ethanol collected from literature. Extended properties include density, vapor pressure, surface tension, viscosity, molar and specific heat capacity, enthalpy of vaporization, thermal conductivity and static relative permittivity (dielectric constant) of ethanol. 相似文献
60.
Libor Dostl Ale Ri
ka Jaroslav Hole
ek Roman Jambor 《Inorganic chemistry communications》2010,13(12):1470-1472
The synthesis of double O,C,O-chelated diorganotin(IV) compound L2SnBr2 (1), where L is 2,6-(MeOCH2)2C6H3?, the precursor for the synthesis of Sn ← O intramolecularly coordinated organotin(IV) cations is reported. Treatment of compound 1 with SnBr4 yielded the double O,C,O-chelated diorganotin(IV) ionic pair [L2SnBr]+ [SnBr5·THF]? (2). Both compounds 1 and 2 were characterized by 1H, 13C, 119Sn NMR and molecular structure of compound 2 was established by X-ray diffraction. 相似文献