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排序方式: 共有3625条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Javier M. Grau JosM. Bisang 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1992,53(1):105-110
This paper describes the parameters that are important in the industrial practice of silver removal from photographic fixers. The experiments were performed under potentiostatic control using synthetic solutions. The current efficiency was analysed as a function of the cathodic potential taking into account the deposit quality. A cathodic potential of ?0.5 V against a saturated calomel electrode is recommended. The conditions to prevent the darkening of the electrodeposit were investigated. The determination of silver concentration in the solution was made by direct potentiometry. The results obtained with synthetic fixers were corroborated by making the silver deposition from commercial fixers in an electrochemical reactor with rotating cylinder electrode intercalated in an electrolytic flow circuit in order to simulate practical conditions. 相似文献
22.
Vinit D. Makwana L. Javier Garces Jia Liu Jun Cai Young-Chan Son Steven L. Suib 《Catalysis Today》2003,85(2-4):225-233
Manganese oxides having a tunnel structure (OMS-2) have been utilized as selective catalysts for alcohol oxidation. In this study manganese oxide catalysts were synthesized in different media and modified by exchanging the tunnel cation by H+, using acid treatment or exchanging with NH4+ followed by thermolysis. Various alcohol oxidations were performed using these catalysts to ascertain the influence of synthesis method on their activity. A correlation is made between lattice oxygen instability and activity of the catalysts, which indicates involvement of the lattice oxygen in the mechanism. The exchange of the tunnel cation with the smaller H+ ions leads to weakening of the Mn–O bond, as verified by temperature programmed desorption (TPD) results. Only the chemisorbed oxygen on the surface (O−) and the lattice oxygen in the layers close to the surface is involved in the oxygen transfer during the reaction. 相似文献
23.
Javier Lara-Romero Rafael Maya-Yescas José Luis Rico-Cerda José Luis Rivera-Rojas Fernando Chiñas Castillo Matey Kaltchev 《Thin solid films》2006,496(2):463-468
The thermal decomposition of model extreme-pressure lubricant additives on clean iron was studied in ultrahigh vacuum conditions using molecular beam strategies. Methylene chloride and chloroform react to deposit a solid film consisting of FeCl2 and carbon, and evolve only hydrogen into the gas phase. No gas-phase products and less carbon on the surface are detected in the case of carbon tetrachloride. Dimethyl and diethyl disulfide react on clean iron to deposit a saturated sulfur plus carbon layer at low temperatures (∼600 K) and an iron sulfide film onto a Fe + C underlayer at higher temperatures (∼950 K). Methane is the only gas-phase product when dimethyl disulfide reacts with iron. Ethylene and hydrogen are detected when diethyl disulfide is used. 相似文献
24.
F Javier Álvarez‐Hornos Carmen Gabaldón Vicente Martínez‐Soria Paula Marzal Josep‐Manuel Penya‐roja 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(5):643-653
BACKGROUND: Two peat biofilters were used for the removal of toluene from air for one year. One biofilter was fed with pure toluene and the other received 1:1 (by weight) ethyl acetate:toluene mixture. RESULTS: The biofilters were operated under continuous loading: the toluene inlet load (IL) at which 80% removal occurred was 116 g m?3 h?1 at 57 s gas residence time. Maximum elimination capacity of 360 g m?3 h?1 was obtained at an IL of 745 g m?3 h?1. The elimination of toluene was inhibited by the presence of ethyl acetate. Intermittent loading, with pollutants supplied for 16 h/day, 5 days/week, did not significantly affect the removal efficiency (RE). Biomass was fully activated in 2 h after night closures, but 6 h were required to recover RE after weekend closures. Live cell density remained relatively constant over the operational period, while the dead cell fraction increased. Finally, a 15 day starvation period was applied and operation then re‐started. Performance was restored with similar re‐acclimatization period to that after weekend closures, and a reduction in dead cell fraction was observed. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the capacity of the system to handle intermittent loading conditions that are common in industrial practices, including long‐term starvation. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
25.
Twenty-five years of natural coordinates 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Javier García de Jalón 《Multibody System Dynamics》2007,18(1):15-33
In the early eighties, the author and co-workers created and further developed the natural coordinates to describe the motion
of 2-D and 3-D multibody systems. Natural coordinates do not need angles or angular parameters to define orientation, leading
to constant inertia matrices and to the simplest form of the constraint equations. Natural coordinates are composed by the
Cartesian coordinates of some points and the Cartesian components of some unit vectors distributed on the different bodies
of the system. The points and vectors can be located in the joints, being shared by contiguous bodies, decreasing or even
eliminating the need to set joint constraints and reducing the total number of variables. However, other authors prefer not
to share variables in order to get even simpler equations and to keep a bigger decoupling of equations, which is preferable
in some cases.
In this paper the history of natural coordinates is reviewed, as well as the main contributions coming from other research
groups. In the second part of the paper some application areas in which natural coordinates can be particularly advantageous
are examined.
Commemorative Contribution. 相似文献
26.
Montserrat Bóo Francisco Argüello Javier D. Bruguera Emilio L. Zapata 《The Journal of VLSI Signal Processing》1997,17(1):57-73
A rate 1/n binary generic convolutional encoder is a shift-register circuit where the inputs are information bits and the outputs are blocks of n bits generated as linear combinations on the appropriate shift register contents. The decoding of the outputs of a convolutional encoder can be carried out by the well-known Viterbi algorithm. The communication pattern of the Viterbi Algorithm is given as a graph, called trellis, associated to the state diagram of the corresponding encoder. In this paper we present a methodology that permits the efficient mapping of the Viterbi algorithm onto a column of an arbitrary number of processors. This is done through the representation of the data flow by using mathematical operators which present an inmediate hardware projection. A single operator string has been obtained to represent a generic encoder through the study of the data flow of free-forward encoders and feed-back encoders. The formal model developed is employed for the partitioning of the computations among an arbitrary number of processors in such a way that the data are recirculated opimizing the use of the processors and the communications. As a result, we obtain a highly regular and modular architecture suitable for VLSI implementation. 相似文献
27.
F. Javier Lerch Deborah J. Ballou Donald E. Harter 《Annals of Software Engineering》1997,3(1):345-366
We describe the use of simulation‐based experiments to assess the computer support needs of automation supervisors in the United States Postal Service (USPS). Because of the high cost of the proposed system, the inability of supervisors to articulate their computer support needs, and the infeasibility of direct experimentation in the actual work environment, we used a simulation to study end‐user decision making, and to experiment with alternative computer support capabilities. In Phase One we investigated differences between expert and novice information search and decision strategies in the existing work environment. In Phase Two, we tested the impact of computer support features on performance. The empirical results of the two experiments showed how to differentially support experts and novices, and the effectiveness of proposed information systems before they were built. The paper concludes by examining the implications of the project for the software requirements engineering community. 相似文献
28.
Hyperinsulinaemia, dyslipaemia and cardiovascular risk in girls with a history of premature pubarche
L Ibá?ez N Potau P Chacon C Pascual A Carrascosa 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,41(9):1057-1063
Girls with a history of premature pubarche, i.e. appearance of pubic hair before 8 years of age, show hyperinsulinism in response to an oral glucose tolerance test. As hyperinsulinaemia has a major role in dyslipaemia, and is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, we assessed the patterns of plasma insulin concentration after a standard oral glucose tolerance test as well as fasting serum lipid, lipoprotein, and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations in girls (n = 81) with premature pubarche compared with girls (n = 55) matched with them for stage and bone age to ascertain their metabolic states to identify those potentially at risk for the development of premature cardiovascular disease. Mean serum insulin concentrations were higher in patients at all pubertal stages, and associated with elevated serum triglyceride, very low density cholesterol and very low density triglyceride concentrations (p value range 0.04 to < 0.0001) but reduced sex hormone-binding globulin. Premature pubarche patients also displayed higher low density to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios compared with control subjects (p = 0.004 to 0.008). In conclusion, hyperinsulinaemia, decreased sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations and an unfavourable lipid pattern are common features in premature pubarche girls supporting the contention that atherogenic abnormalities composing the metabolic syndrome could start in childhood. To determine the clinical sequelae of such clustering of metabolic deviations, girls who were identified need to be followed up for the potential development of premature cardiovascular disease. 相似文献
29.
Javier Vioque Julio E. Pastor Eduardo Vioque 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1993,70(11):1157-1158
Oil and triglyceride contents and fatty acid composition were determined for seeds in nine taxa belonging to the genusCoincya (Brassicaceae) on the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). The oil content ranges from 11.1 to 24.6%, triglycerides from
68.7 to 88.5%. The major fatty acids were erucic (24.6–30.5%), linolenic (17.7–27.7%), linoleic (13.9–24.6%) and oleic acid
(12.3–21.8%). 相似文献
30.
Palomares Iván Martínez-Cámara Eugenio Montes Rosana García-Moral Pablo Chiachio Manuel Chiachio Juan Alonso Sergio Melero Francisco J. Molina Daniel Fernández Bárbara Moral Cristina Marchena Rosario de Vargas Javier Pérez Herrera Francisco 《Applied Intelligence》2021,51(9):6497-6527
Applied Intelligence - The17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations Agenda 2030 constitute a global blueprint agenda and instrument for peace and prosperity... 相似文献