Feng Wang  Niladri S. Karan  Hue Minh Nguyen  Benjamin D. Mangum  Yagnaseni Ghosh  Chris J. Sheehan  Jennifer A. Hollingsworth  Han Htoon 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,11(38):5028-5034

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Oxley JA  Ihsen E  Fildes BN  Charlton JL  Day RH 《Accident; analysis and prevention》2005,37(5):962-971

The over-representation of older pedestrians in serious injury and fatal crashes compared to younger adults may be due, in part, to age-related diminished ability to select gaps in oncoming traffic for safe road-crossing. Two experiments are described that examine age differences in gap selection decisions in a simulated road-crossing environment. Three groups of participants were tested, younger (30-45 years), young-old (60-69 years) and old-old (>75 years). The results showed that, for all age groups, gap selection was primarily based on vehicle distance and less so on time-of-arrival. Despite the apparent ability to process the distance and speed of oncoming traffic when given enough time to do so, many of the old-old adults appeared to select insufficiently large gaps. These results are discussed in terms of age-related physical, perceptual and cognitive limitations and the ability to compensate for these limitations. Practical implications for road safety countermeasures are also highlighted, particularly the provision of safe road environments and development of behavioural and training packages.  相似文献   

    

Jorge Marcondes  Kayo Hatton  Jennifer Graham  Herb Schueneman 《Packaging Technology and Science》2003,16(2):69-76

Foamed plastics are used to cushion products to protect them from shock and vibration. Design data is in most cases derived from laboratory tests, performed under standard conditions. However, during distribution, most shock and vibration events occur under conditions different from those under which the materials were evaluated. Two commonly used foams in packaging, expanded polyethylene and expanded polystyrene, were used to investigate how changes in temperature affect the performance properties of these materials. The materials were tested for shock and vibration under four different temperatures (?17°C, 3°C, 23°C and 43°C). The results show that the properties of expanded polystyrene were the least influenced and those of expanded polyethylene were the most influenced by changes in temperature. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

    

Barbara M. Moskal  Catherine Skokan  Laura Kosbar  Agata Dean  Caron Westland  Heidi Barker  Que N. Nguyen  Jennifer Tafoya 《工程教育杂志》2007,96(3):173-189

Over the last four years, a series of outreach programs have been offered through the Colorado School of Mines to middle school teachers from eleven school districts in the State of Colorado in the United States. Each of these programs is designed to illustrate through hands‐on activities the application of mathematics to science and engineering. Each also has an academic year follow‐up such that a faculty member, an expert teacher, or a graduate student assists the teachers in the classroom. An expected outcome of this effort is the improvement of instruction in mathematics and science in the participating middle schools; an unexpected outcome has been the impact of these projects on the culture of the participating schools, both middle schools and university. Based on our assessment efforts, this article describes the qualitative and quantitative outcomes of this sequence of projects on middle school students, teachers, graduate students, professors, and college curriculum.  相似文献   

    

Cynthia J. Atman  Robin S. Adams  Monica E. Cardella  Jennifer Turns  Susan Mosborg  Jason Saleem 《工程教育杂志》2007,96(4):359-379

In this paper we report on an in‐depth study of engineering design processes. Specifically, we extend our previous research on engineering student design processes to compare the design behavior of students and expert engineers. Nineteen experts from a variety of engineering disciplines and industries each designed a playground in a lab setting, and gave verbal reports of their thoughts during the design task. Measures of their design processes and solution quality were compared to pre‐existing data from 26 freshmen and 24 seniors. The experts spent significantly more time on the task overall and in each stage of engineering design, including significantly more time problem scoping. The experts also gathered significantly more information covering more categories. Results support the argument that problem scoping and information gathering are major differences between advanced engineers and students, and important competencies for engineering students to develop. Timeline representations of the expert designers' processes illustrate characteristic distinctions we found and may help students gain insights into their own design processes.  相似文献   

    

Jennifer E. Podesta  Khuloud T. Al‐Jamal  M. Antonia Herrero  Bowen Tian  Hanene Ali‐Boucetta  Vikas Hegde  Alberto Bianco  Maurizio Prato  Kostas Kostarelos 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2009,5(10)

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Jennifer I. L. Chen  Geoffrey A. Ozin 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2008,20(24):4784-4788

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Robert F. Shepherd  Priyadarshi Panda  Zhihao Bao  Kenneth H. Sandhage  T. Alan Hatton  Jennifer A. Lewis  Patrick S. Doyle 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2008,20(24)

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Christopher J. Hansen  Willie Wu  Kathleen S. Toohey  Nancy R. Sottos  Scott R. White  Jennifer A. Lewis 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2009,21(41):4143-4147

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Michael Junkin  Jennifer Watson  Jonathan P. Vande Geest  Pak Kin Wong 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2009,21(12):1247-1251

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