一个好的设计是怎样的?

人都会认为好用、好看且经济的设计是完美的.从根本上来说,设计是服务于人们的需要而产生的:当物质的基本需要被满足后,人们的精神需要就随之而来:因此,商品和设计之间有着分不开的结合点.很多人都会选择有吸引力的商品.当然从第一眼开始.这样,设计的概念渐渐进八人们的生活.100多年以前,艺术家们承担了美学的责任,设计与装饰几乎成为同义词:从推崇现代主义的设计师们将功能取代装饰之后.经过多少风格和流派的演变及争论,功能和美观成为必不可少的两个部分,而当代的大部分设计也在不断地重复这样的过程.     

A comparison of child abuse and child neglect.

Compared data from the child welfare and the hospital files for each of 422 children identified from a hospital list as abused. The children fell into 4 categories: 62 (mean age 2.1 yrs) who were neglected, 243 (mean age 5.2 yrs) who were abused, 83 who were abused and neglected, and 34 for whom evidence of abuse or neglect was not established. Significant differences were found between the families who abused their children and those who neglected them, including differences in maternal age and socioeconomic status (SES). Abuse was more prevalent in children who had been previously separated from their parents, while children of teenaged mothers were most likely to be neglected. Data relating to the difficulties in decision making support the notion that interdisciplinary community teams might have much to offer in the development of more stringent guides for determining the nature of mistreatment and the probability of further risk to the child. (French abstract) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effects of varying stimulus size on object recognition in pigeons.

The authors investigated the pigeon's ability to generalize object discrimination performance to smaller and larger versions of trained objects. In Experiment 1, they taught pigeons with line drawings of multipart objects and later tested the birds with both larger and smaller drawings. The pigeons exhibited significant generalization to new sizes, although they did show systematic performance decrements as the new size deviated from the original. In Experiment 2, the authors tested both linear and exponential size changes of computer-rendered basic shapes to determine which size transformation produced equivalent performance for size increases and decreases. Performance was more consistent with logarithmic than with linear scaling of size. This finding was supported in Experiment 3. Overall, the experiments suggest that the pigeon encodes size as a feature of objects and that the representation of size is most likely logarithmic. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The effects of oxytocin and vasopressin on partner preferences in male and female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster).

This study compared the effects of centrally administered oxytocin (OT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) on partner preference formation and social contact in male and female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster). After 1 hr of cohabitation and pretreatment with either AVP or OT, both males and females exhibited increased social contact and significant preference for the familiar partner. After pretreatment with either an OT receptor antagonist (OTA) or an AVP (V1a) receptor antagonist (AVPA), neither OT nor AVP induced a partner preference. In addition, treatment with OT?+?OTA or AVP?+?AVPA was associated with low levels of social contact in both sexes. Either AVP or OT is sufficient to facilitate social contact if either the OT or AVP receptor is available. However, the formation of partner preferences may require access to both AVP and OT receptors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Quantification of ground vibration differences from well-confined single-hole explosions with variable velocity of detonation

An explosion experiment was conducted in the Barre granite of central Vermont during July 2008 using five explosions and three different types of explosives with a wide range of velocities of detonation. Black powder, heavy ANFO, and Composition B were used to generate increasing amounts of borehole pressure and different types of rock damage. The velocity of detonation was found to affect the peak particle velocities (PPV). ANFO produced the largest PPV, while the Composition B PPVs were slightly lower. Black powder produced much lower PPV, likely due to it deflagrating rather than truly detonating. An equation was fit to the data for predicting the PPV from a confined blast in the Barre granite using two methods, including true vector summation. Vector summation provides a more accurate measure of particle velocity. We found the frequency of the PPV decreases with increasing distance from the blast, and therefore extra care must be taken for large blasts where lower frequency energy may exceed vibration limits at greater distances.     

User experience of museum technologies: the phenomenological scales

Museums increasingly rely on technology as a guarantee of enhanced visitor experience. However, both in Information Systems and Museology research, little attention has been paid to the evaluation of user experience (UX) with technologies in cultural heritage environments. This paper reports research in this area that uses a framework of interpretive archaeology and phenomenology. Users of museum technologies are studied to determine whether the framework's criteria correspond to visitor expectations and can be met by Information Technologies (IT). Our epistemology is methodologically independent and by using a multi-methodological approach, mixing both qualitative and quantitative approaches, it is consistent with the original spirit of the theory of understanding. The findings confirm the importance of phenomenology and post-phenomenology as a reference to assess IT UX in museums. In addition, our field study indicates that technologies available in museums – namely audio guides, interactive kiosks and computers – contribute positively to an experience of the past.     

论道哈尔滨

有的时候室内设计师也没有办法啊,他们要顾及到各种外在压力,还有业主的要求??这就不对了,一个失败的设计出现,设计师是不能推卸责任的,要顾及的因素固然多,但你是设计师,为了成就一件好的设计,你有责任去引导和说服业主。如果你做不到这点,那是你的能力有限??这段对话发生在路上,车内,一个媒体人和一个设计师之间。如果你认为前者是设计师,那你就错了。这个设计师说:你可以不选择做设计师,但如果你选择了这个职业,就要遵守它的职业道德。他的观点虽然很犀利,但不无道理。