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991.
Chien-Chung Chen Chia-Fu Chen I-Hsuan Lee Chien-Liang Lin 《Diamond and Related Materials》2005,14(11-12):1897
Graphitic nanoflakes were fabricated on the carbon nanotubes templates for increasing the surface area utilizing bias assisted microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MWPECVD). The analysis of morphologies and structures were achieved by means of scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The surface area of graphitic nanoflakes, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphitic nanoflakes/CNTs were 57.44 m2/g, 90.31 m2/g and 130.96 m2/g from BET measurement, respectively. The cyclic voltammetry was used to calculate the active area of platinum catalysts in 1 M sulfuric acid from hydrogen adsorption peak. An enhancement of activity could be observed from the calculation of CV results. This may be attributed to the small particle size and high dispersion of platinum particles coated on graphitic nanoflakes/CNTs. These high surface area materials could be used as catalysts supports or electrode for fuel cell applications. 相似文献
992.
993.
A brown coal, peat and oil shale were subjected to a rapid pyrolysis process and medium-heat-value gases together with tar were collected. The char residue was of high activity and suitable for gasification to create a two-stage gasification system. The coal-tar is used for manufacturing liquid fuels and chemicals. 相似文献
994.
刘林山 《自动化与仪器仪表》2014,(11):37-39
针对控制领域的研究热点之一非线性、欠驱动岸边集装箱起重机防摆控制问题,从欠驱动系统的概念和岸边集装箱起重机动力学模型出发,详细分析研究的必要性、国内外研究现状和难点。最后,分析现有控制方法存在的主要问题,并对岸边集装箱起重机防摆控制方法进一步的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
995.
Laiyuan Chen Liwu Lin Zhusheng Xu Tao Zhang Dongbai Liang Qin Xin Pinliang Ying 《Catalysis Letters》1995,35(3-4):245-258
Infrared investigations on the interaction of methane with silica, aluminas (, and ) and HZSM-5 zeolite have been carried out. At low temperature (173 K), methane adsorption was observed over these oxides and HZSM-5 zeolite. Our findings featured that the infrared inactive
1 band (2917 cm–1) of a gaseous methane molecule became active and shifted to lower frequencies (2900 and 2890 cm–1) when it adsorbed on the surfaces of these adsorbents. Our results also demonstrate that hydroxyl groups played a very important role in methane adsorption over the acidic oxides and the HZSM-5 zeolite. When interaction between the hydroxyl groups and methane took place, the band shift of the hydroxyl groups varied with different oxides. The strength of the interaction decreased according to the following sequence, Si-OH-Al>Al-OH>Si-OH, which is in accordance with the order of their acidities. At higher temperatures, methane interacted quite differently with various oxides and HZSM-5 zeolite. It has been observed that the hydroxyl groups of silica, -alumina and HZSM-5 zeolite could exchange with CD4 at temperatures higher than 773K, while those on -alumina could exchange at a temperature as low as 573 K. Another interesting observation was the formation of formate species over Al2O3 (both and ) at temperatures higher than 473 K. The formate species would decompose to CO2, or produce carbonate at much higher temperatures. Formation of formate species was not observed over silica and HZSM-5 under similar conditions, -Al2O3 did not adsorb or react with methane in any case. 相似文献
996.
Diethylether (DEE) was used as a structure modifier during the synthesis of linear styrene-butadiene block copolymers of poly A-block-polyB-block-polyA type (SBS). The microstructures of synthesized polymers were analyzed, and the effect of DEE on polymerization kinetics was studied. Addition of DEE at 2 wt% concentration results in the highest styrene polymerization rate, while addition at 6 wt% concentration gives the highest butadiene polymerization rate. The vinyl content of the polybutadiene portion increases from 14 to 47% with an increase in the DEE concentration from 500 ppm to 10 wt% while thetrans- l,4 andcis-1,4 isomers decrease. For SBS polymer synthesized via a sequential method, the addition of DEE as a structure modifier minimizes the crossover deficiency which would otherwise result in a skewed molecular weight distribution with a higher polydispersity. For SBS polymers made via a coupling method, the coupling efficiency appears to be constant in a range of DEE concentration from 500 ppm to 1 wt% before declining with a further increase in DEE. 相似文献
997.
基于改进TFIDF算法的文本分类研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由于文本分类在信息检索、邮件过滤、网页分类、个性化推荐等领域有着广泛的应用价值,所以自文本分类的概念提出以来,受到了学者们的广泛关注。在文本分类的研究中,学者们运用了很多方法,其中TFIDF是文档特征权重计算的最常用算法之一,但是传统的TFID算法忽略了特征项在类内和类间的分布,导致很多区分度不大的特征项被赋予了较大的权重。针对传统TFIDF算法的不足,本文在IDF的计算过程中,用词条在类内与类间的文档占比来考虑词条在类内与类间的分布。在实验中,用改进的权重算法表示文本向量,通过考察分类的效果,验证了改进算法的有效性。 相似文献
998.
The diversities existing among published kinetic studies on activated anionic polymerization of ε-caprolactam are closely examined. A kinetic model derived from a regular, linear reversible reaction mechanism is employed to explain the experimentally observed autocatalytic character of the polymerization system and to examine the dependence of the apparent activation energy on the experimental method. Several existing kinetic models tested with our experimental data show that the autocatalytic type rate equation best describes the polymerization process. 相似文献
999.
Two-component blends of differing polystyrene (PS), one syndiotactic (sPS) and the other isotactic (iPS) or atactic (aPS), were discussed. The phase behavior, crystallization and microstructure of binary polystyrene blends of sPS/iPS and sPS/aPS with a specific composition of 5/5 weight ratio were investigated using optical microscopy (OM), differential scanning calorimetry, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). Based on the kinetics of enthalpy recovery, complete miscibility was found for the sPS/aPS blends where a single recovery peak was obtained, whereas phase separation was concluded for the sPS/iPS blends due to the presence of an additional recovery shoulder indicating the heterogeneity in the molten state. These findings were consistent with OM and SEM observations; sPS/iPS exhibits the dual interconnectivity of phase-separated phases resulting from spinodal decomposition.Both iPS and aPS have the same influence on the sPS crystal structure, i.e., dominant β-form sPS and mixed α-/β-form sPS obtained for melt-crystallization at high and low temperatures respectively, but imperfect α-form sPS developed when cold-crystallized at 175 °C. Co-crystallization of iPS and sPS into the common lattice was not observed regardless the thermal treatments, either cold or melt crystallization. Due to its slow process, crystallization of iPS was found to commence always after the completion of sPS crystallization in one-step crystallization kinetics. Segregation of rejected iPS component during sPS crystallization was extensively observed from TEM and SEM images which showed iPS pockets located between sPS lamellar stacks within spherulites, leading to the interfibrillar segregation, which was similar with that observed in the sPS/aPS blends. The addition of iPS (or aPS) component will reduce the overall crystallization rate of the sPS component and the retardation of crystal growth rates can be simply accounted by a dilution effect, keeping the surface nucleation intact. The phase-separated structure in the sPS/iPS blend shows a negligible effect on sPS crystallization and the signature of phase separation disappears after sPS crystallization. Depending on the relative dimensions of the segregated domains and iPS lamellar nucleus, subsequent crystallization of iPS can proceed to result in a crystalline/crystalline blend, or be inhibited to give a crystalline/amorphous blend morphology similar with that of sPS/aPS blends. 相似文献
1000.
The adsorption of dyes from aqueous solution using diatomite 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Raw diatomite was calcined at 450 °C for dyes removal from aqueous solution. SEM and FTIR analysis show that the raw diatomite
contains organic impurities, which are removed after the calcination. The impurities removal decreases the specific surface
area and increases the average pore diameter of raw diatomite, while improves its adsorption capability of dyes. The adsorption
isotherm and kinetics experiments of methylene blue onto calcined diatomite were then carried out to investigate the adsorption
property. It shows that the adsorption capacity of methylene blue is about 50 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm was fitted by
the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson models, which reveals that the Redlich-Peterson isotherm is the best one. Two
kinetic models, pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order, were rearranged for expediently investigating the adsortpion mechanisms.
Fitting results show that the pseudo-first-order model is better in describing the adsorption process. 相似文献