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51.
土壤样品基质复杂且酚类化合物含量很低,未经衍生的酚在气相色谱中峰型和稳定性较差,灵敏度较低,应用衍生化的方法时流程复杂,耗时长。用二氯甲烷和正己烷混合溶剂(2∶1,V/V)作为溶剂,75 ℃微波20 min提取土壤中的酚类化合物,在提取液中加入pH>12的强碱性水,使得酚类化合物生成对应的盐溶于水,弃去有机相后,将得到的水相调节至pH<12,用二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯混合溶剂(4∶1,V/V)萃取酚类化合物。提取液经五氟苄基溴衍生后采用气相色谱质谱联用法检测,内标法定量,建立了微波萃取-衍生化-气相色谱质谱联用法测定土壤中14种酚类化合物的方法。在最佳的衍生条件下,以10 g土壤样品计,方法中酚类化合物的检出限为0.002~0.006 mg/kg。按照实验方法测定土壤样品,加标回收率为73.2%~119%,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为3.0%~9.5%。方法简化了衍生化步骤,有效改善了各酚类化合物峰形,增强了检测的灵敏度和稳定性,可用于土壤中酚类化合物的测定。 相似文献
52.
ABSTRACT A very small amount of aryl amide derivative (TMB-5) was used for nucleating Poly(ethylene 2,6-naphathalate) (PEN) by melt blending. The crystalline temperature, crystallinity, and nucleation efficiency of the composites were increased as a result of the addition of TMB-5. The half-time of crystallization decreased upon the addition of TMB-5 and the work required in folding polymer chains were reduced simultaneously in the polymer mixtures. The crystal size of the PEN/TMB-5 blends became smaller due to the increase of nucleation sites. The TMB-5 had no effect on the PEN crystal type. TMB-5 slightly increased the impact strength of PEN. 相似文献
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Due to the availability and timeliness of autologous cells, the in vitro cultivation and expansion of cells in large scale is very necessary before clinical treatments. However, traditional cell-harvesting methods including machinery scraper and enzymatic method would produce irreversible damage for treated cells. The appearance of intelligent temperature-responsive cell culture surfaces can solve the problem. Therefore this review focuses on the development of temperature-responsive surfaces based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in recent years and the impact on cell adsorption and desorption processes. 相似文献
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Image segmentation is an important step in the implementation of the interpretation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image due to speckle. This article proposes a SAR image segmentation method based on perceptual hashing. The new algorithm is divided into two phases. The first phase is to obtain initial regions with multi-thresholding based on histogram after reducing the speckle noise. The initial regions are used as input data. And the next phase is to merge regions according to the similarity between regions. In this phase, to segment SAR image effectively, the proposed hashing algorithm is used to obtain hash value and similarity between regions, which preserve the texture features of SAR images. In addition, we can obtain a smooth segmentation result by reducing the redundant information with principal component analysis. Furthermore, morphological methods are used to eliminate the uneven background in the segmentation results. These improvements make our algorithm more effective to segment the images with high speed. The experimental results of four real and one synthetic SAR images verify the efficiency of our algorithm. 相似文献
57.
Ming Chen Junkai Liu Feng Liu Han Nie Jiajie Zeng Gengwei Lin Anjun Qin Mei Tu Zikai He Herman H. Y. Sung Ian D. Williams Jacky W. Y. Lam Ben Zhong Tang 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(37)
It is challenging to achieve precise control on the properties of organic π‐functional materials to widen their practical applications. On the other hand, the study of aggregation‐induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) helps achieve such goals because of inherent relationships between their luminescence behaviors and conformational variations that allow for the visual monitoring of the changes in the material properties. Inspired by this, in this work, three AIE isomers are fabricated in structures consisting of tetraphenylpyrazine and triphenylethene units with para‐, meta‐, and ortho‐position linkages, respectively. The isomerism effect brings about significantly decreased luminescence efficiency, subtly blueshifted emission, basically reduced AIE effect but boosted porosity in the aggregate state as the conformation of AIEgens evolves from an extended to a folded one. Based on the distinct properties, their respective use in blue organic light‐emitting diodes, nanofluorescent probes, and molecule‐capturing porous crystals are investigated. This work not only achieves precise property control by using the isomerism effect of AIEgens but also provides useful information on the future design of π‐conjugated materials with advanced functionalities. 相似文献
58.
Jianjun Zhang Jiawu Tian Jiajie Fan Jiaguo Yu Wingkei Ho 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,16(13)
Traditional carbon materials have demonstrated immense potential in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) owing to their superior electrical properties and environmental stability. Graphdiyne (GDY), as an emerging carbon allotrope, features uniformly distributed pores, endless design flexibility, and unique electronic character compared with traditional carbon materials. Herein, graphdiyne is introduced into the upper part of the perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) layer by utilizing a GDY‐containing antisolvent during the one‐step synthesis of perovskite. Intriguingly, GDY plays an essential role in hole accumulation and transportation because of its higher Fermi level than perovskite. As a result, the automatic separation of photogenerated carriers inside the perovskite film is achieved. Furthermore, the Schottky barrier formed on the interface between perovskite and GDY guarantees the unidirectional hole transport from perovskite to GDY, thereby benefiting further extraction to the hole transport layer. Consequently, GDY‐modified perovskite‐based planar PSCs exhibit a boosted Jsc of 24.21 mA cm?2 and up to 19.6% power conversion efficiency owing to the increased efficient light utilization and charge extraction. The device with GDY modification exhibits less than 10% shrinkage after a month in ambience. Overall, this work demonstrates an easy method for the utilization of GDY to boost the charge extraction and environmental stability in PSCs. 相似文献
59.
具有宽光谱太阳能利用的分等级异质结光催化剂,正成为一种新兴的先进光催化材料,被应用于太阳能驱动二氧化碳转化为高附加值的化学原料.本工作通过水热法使二维硫化铟锌纳米墙垂直生长于三维氮掺杂石墨烯泡沫上,形成分等级异质结光催化剂.该催化剂展现出优异的光热转换效率、选择性捕获CO2和光催化还原CO2的能力.在273 K和1个大气压条件下,负载1 wt%氮掺杂石墨烯泡沫的复合催化剂表现出最优异的性能,其中对CO2和N2的吸附选择性为30.1,并且对CO2的等量吸附热为48.2 kJ mol^-1.在无助催化剂和牺牲剂的条件下,负载1 wt%氮掺杂石墨烯泡沫的复合催化剂,其光催化转化CO2为CH4、CO和CH3OH的效率分别是纯的硫化铟锌的9.1、3.5和5.9倍.该增强效应得益于三维石墨烯泡沫高度开放的网状结构,良好的CO2吸附能力和两种组份之间的强相互作用.此外,利用原位照射X射线光电子能谱仪和开尔文探针技术分析了电荷转移的方向,本工作为设计高效太阳能转化分等级异质结光催化剂开辟了新的思路. 相似文献
60.
以废旧钕铁硼磁体为原料,采用短流程回收制备技术制备了烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体,通过添加镨钕混合稀土研究了磁体的磁性能和耐热性能。结果表明,在回收磁体中添加2%PrNd,制备的烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体的剩磁为1.31T、矫顽力为1 474.86kA/m、磁能积为353.90kJ/m~3。与一次成品相比矫顽力恢复到102%,剩磁恢复到95%,磁能积恢复到90%。在293~393K范围内未掺杂PrNd磁体的矫顽力温度系数为-0.589 9%/K,掺杂2%PrNd磁体的矫顽力温度系数为-0.556 4%/K,提高了磁体在高温下的耐热性能。这是由于添加混合稀土PrNd增强了主相晶粒间的去磁交换耦合作用,提高了主相的磁晶各向异性场,从而提高了磁体的矫顽力和耐热性能。 相似文献