原油高效减阻剂的制备及其性能

采用本体聚合方法,以TiCl4/Al(Et)2Cl为催化体系,C10～C14长链α-烯烃为单体,合成了原油管输高效减阻剂,对该减阻剂的制备、后处理等工业化方法进行了探讨。对聚合物进行了FTIR、1HNMR、XRD、TG表征,对浆料进行了减阻性能测试。结果表明,该聚合物为无定型半透明弹性体,相对分子质量410×104,最初分解温度300℃。将聚合物冷冻粉碎后,可配制出质量分数为47%、凝点低于-50℃、流动性较好、难挥发的高碳醇基减阻剂浆料。当减阻剂在柴油中的质量浓度为0.01kg/m3时,减阻率可达40.1%。     

无卤阻燃剂二乙基次膦酸铝的表面改性

硅烷偶联剂KH550,KH560和KH570被用于对二乙基次膦酸铝粉体阻燃剂的表面改性。经该法改性的二乙基次膦酸铝粉体的吸水率被明显降低,在PBT中的相容性被提高,并且在PBT中的分散度也得到提高。该改性方法有效地解决了利用化学沉淀法制备该阻燃剂时粉体易团聚的问题。     

碳纳米管表面基团对Bi基催化剂在乙炔氢氯化反应中催化性能的影响

以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)、羟基碳纳米管(MWCNTs-OH)、羧基碳纳米管(MWCNTsCOOH)为催化剂载体,采用等体积浸渍法制备负载型Bi基催化剂,在固定床反应器中评价催化剂在乙炔氢氯化反应中的性能。结果表明,以MWCNTs-OH为载体的Bi基催化剂催化性能最优,乙炔转化率最高52%。BET、FT-IR、XRD、XPS、EDS、TG、TEM和H_2-TPR表征表明,碳纳米管表面基团,尤其是羟基,可以提高活性组分的分散度、抑制催化剂表面积炭生成和减少Bi物种流失。     

Experience with model-based performance, reliability, and adaptability assessment of a complex industrial architecture

In this paper, we report on our experience with the application of validated models to assess performance, reliability, and adaptability of a complex mission critical system that is being developed to dynamically monitor and control the position of an oil-drilling platform. We present real-time modeling results that show that all tasks are schedulable. We performed stochastic analysis of the distribution of task execution time as a function of the number of system interfaces. We report on the variability of task execution times for the expected system configurations. In addition, we have executed a system library for an important task inside the performance model simulator. We report on the measured algorithm convergence as a function of the number of vessel thrusters. We have also studied the system architecture adaptability by comparing the documented system architecture and the implemented source code. We report on the adaptability findings and the recommendations we were able to provide to the system’s architect. Finally, we have developed models of hardware and software reliability. We report on hardware and software reliability results based on the evaluation of the system architecture.     

Volitional facilitation of difficult intentions: Joint activation of intention memory and positive affect removes Stroop interference.

Removal of Stroop interference was obtained after exposure to words eliciting positive affect. This effect was predicted by personality systems interactions (PSI) theory, which assumes that (a) an abstract (high-level) representation of a difficult intention is generated in intention memory under certain conditions (e.g., when an action plan contains more than 1 step); (b) positive affect releases the inhibition of the pathway between intention memory and its output system. Interference removal is interpreted in terms of volitional facilitation. This effect posits a challenge to current cognitive models of the Stroop effect. Compared with alternative explanations, PSI theory can explain the data in a broader context: Implications of volitional facilitation and volitional inhibition for the study of prospective memory, alienation, procrastination, and rumination in depression are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Motivation, affect, and hemispheric asymmetry: Power versus affiliation.

In 4 experiments, the authors examined to what extent information related to different social needs (i.e., power vs. affiliation) is associated with hemispheric laterality. Response latencies to a lateralized dot-probe task following lateralized pictures or verbal labels that were associated with positive or negative episodes related to power, affiliation, or achievement revealed clear-cut laterality effects. These effects were a function of need content rather than of valence: Power-related stimuli were associated with right visual field (left hemisphere) superiority, whereas affiliation-related stimuli were associated with left visual field (right hemisphere) superiority. Additional results demonstrated that in contrast to power, affiliation primes were associated with better discrimination between coherent word triads (e.g., goat, pass, and green, all related to mountain) and noncoherent triads, a remote associate task known to activate areas of the right hemisphere. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A Study of Premature Failure of Crusher Jaws

In this article, we report the outcome of an investigation made to uncover the premature fracture of crusher jaws produced in a local foundry. A crusher jaw that had failed while in service was studied through metallographic techniques to determine the cause of the failure. Our investigation revealed that the reason for the fracture was the presence of large carbides at the grain boundaries and in the grain matrix. This led to the formation of microcracks that propagated along the grain boundaries under in-service working forces. It is also believed that the precipitation of carbides at the grain boundaries may have occurred because of improper heat treatment, but not because of a deficiency in composition.     

实现Hough变换的一种光学方法

讨论了Hough变换及其与相关计算的关系 ,提出了基于非相干光相关器的 ,以直线阵列作模板 ,以线光源阵列为照明光源的Houhg变换光学系统。并给出了计算机模拟此系统运算的结果。