全文获取类型
收费全文 | 12608篇 |
免费 | 961篇 |
国内免费 | 555篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 647篇 |
技术理论 | 1篇 |
综合类 | 938篇 |
化学工业 | 2068篇 |
金属工艺 | 795篇 |
机械仪表 | 826篇 |
建筑科学 | 1087篇 |
矿业工程 | 358篇 |
能源动力 | 284篇 |
轻工业 | 928篇 |
水利工程 | 223篇 |
石油天然气 | 887篇 |
武器工业 | 188篇 |
无线电 | 1278篇 |
一般工业技术 | 1348篇 |
冶金工业 | 550篇 |
原子能技术 | 125篇 |
自动化技术 | 1593篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 70篇 |
2023年 | 219篇 |
2022年 | 359篇 |
2021年 | 515篇 |
2020年 | 364篇 |
2019年 | 306篇 |
2018年 | 336篇 |
2017年 | 404篇 |
2016年 | 366篇 |
2015年 | 484篇 |
2014年 | 589篇 |
2013年 | 706篇 |
2012年 | 759篇 |
2011年 | 849篇 |
2010年 | 672篇 |
2009年 | 636篇 |
2008年 | 593篇 |
2007年 | 607篇 |
2006年 | 677篇 |
2005年 | 594篇 |
2004年 | 390篇 |
2003年 | 392篇 |
2002年 | 373篇 |
2001年 | 393篇 |
2000年 | 351篇 |
1999年 | 392篇 |
1998年 | 355篇 |
1997年 | 258篇 |
1996年 | 242篇 |
1995年 | 235篇 |
1994年 | 167篇 |
1993年 | 110篇 |
1992年 | 99篇 |
1991年 | 60篇 |
1990年 | 44篇 |
1989年 | 36篇 |
1988年 | 36篇 |
1987年 | 27篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1959年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
The job shop scheduling problem (JSP) is one of the most notoriously intractable NP-complete optimization problems. Over the last 10–15 years, tabu search (TS) has emerged as an effective algorithmic approach for the JSP. However, the quality of solutions found by tabu search approach depends on the initial solution. To overcome this problem and provide a robust and efficient methodology for the JSP, the heuristics search approach combining simulated annealing (SA) and TS strategy is developed. The main principle of this approach is that SA is used to find the elite solutions inside big valley (BV) so that TS can re-intensify search from the promising solutions. This hybrid algorithm is tested on the standard benchmark sets and compared with the other approaches. The computational results show that the proposed algorithm could obtain the high-quality solutions within reasonable computing times. For example, 17 new upper bounds among the unsolved problems are found in a short time. 相似文献
62.
廖继红 《计算机应用与软件》2008,25(3):195-197
提出了一种基于PIM-SM的新的扩展协议EPIM-SM(extend to PIM-SM).该协议采用了一种新的算法代替PIM-SM用于RP选举的哈希算法,新协议提供这样一种机制:根据网络拓扑结构及组播源和成员的变化情况,为每个候选RPi估算其组播树整体代价,定期选择一个代价值最小的RP,以使组播树的代价始终保持接近最低. 相似文献
63.
64.
Xiaohong Guan Wei Wang Xiangliang Zhang 《Journal of Network and Computer Applications》2009,32(1):31-44
In this paper, we present an efficient fast anomaly intrusion detection model incorporating a large amount of data from various data sources. A novel method based on non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is presented to profile program and user behaviors of a computer system. A large amount of high-dimensional data is collected in our experiments and divided into smaller data blocks by a specific scheme. The system call data is divided into blocks by processes, while command data is divided into consecutive blocks with a fixed length. The frequencies of individual elements in each block of data are computed and placed column by column as data vectors to construct a matrix representation. NMF is employed to reduce the high-dimensional data vectors and anomaly detection can be realized as a very simple classifier in low dimensions. Experimental results show that the model presented in this paper is promising in terms of detection accuracy, computation efficiency and implementation for fast intrusion detection. 相似文献
65.
L. Guan I.U. Awan I. Phillips A. Grigg W. Dargie 《Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory》2009,17(3):558-568
The provision of guaranteed QoS for various Internet traffic types has become a challenging problem for researchers. New Internet applications, mostly multimedia-based, require differentiated treatments under certain QoS constraints. Due to a rapid increase in these new services, Internet routers are facing serious traffic congestion problems. This paper presents an approximate analytical performance model in a discrete-time queue, based on closed form expressions using queue threshold, to control the congestion caused by the bursty Internet traffic. The methodology of maximum entropy (ME) has been used to characterize closed form expressions for the state and blocking probabilities. A discrete-time GGeo/GGeo/1/{N1, N2} censored queue with finite capacity, N2, external compound Bernoulli traffic process and generalised geometric transmission times under a first come first serve (FCFS) rule and arrival first (AF) buffer management policy has been used for the solution process. To satisfy the low delay along with high throughput, a threshold, N1, has been incorporated to slow the arrival process from mean arrival rate λ1 to λ2 once the instantaneous queue length has been reached, otherwise the source operates normally. This creates an implicit feedback from the queue to the arrival process. The system can be potentially used as a model for congestion control based on the Random Early Detection (RED) mechanism. Typical numerical experiments have been included to show the credibility of ME solution against simulation for various performance measures and to demonstrate the performance evaluation of the proposed analytical model. 相似文献
66.
Ying-Xia Du Qiao Yang Wang-Ting Lu Qing-Yu Guan Fei-Fei Cao Geng Zhang 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(27):2300895
Single metal atom isolated in nitrogen-doped carbon materials (M N C) are effective electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which produces H2O2 or H2O via 2-electron or 4-electron process. However, most of M N C catalysts can only present high selectivity for one product, and the selectivity is usually regulated by complicated structure design. Herein, a carbon black-supported Co N C catalyst (CB@Co N C) is synthesized. Tunable 2-electron/4-electron behavior is realized on CB@Co-N-C by utilizing its H2O2 yield dependence on electrolyte pH and catalyst loading. In acidic media with low catalyst loading, CB@Co N C presents excellent mass activity and high selectivity for H2O2 production. In flow cell with gas diffusion electrode, a H2O2 production rate of 5.04 mol h−1 g−1 is achieved by CB@Co N C on electrolyte circulation mode, and a long-term H2O2 production of 200 h is demonstrated on electrolyte non-circulation mode. Meanwhile, CB@Co N C exhibits a dominant 4-electron ORR pathway with high activity and durability in pH neutral media with high catalyst loading. The microbial fuel cell using CB@Co N C as the cathode catalyst shows a peak power density close to that of benchmark Pt/C catalyst. 相似文献
67.
Tianhao Wu Xu Zhang Yinzhong Wang Nian Zhang Haifeng Li Yong Guan Dongdong Xiao Shiqi Liu Haijun Yu 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(4):2210154
As one of the high-energy cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), lithium-rich-layered oxide with “single-crystal” characteristic (SC-LLO) can effectively restrain side reactions and cracks due to the reduced inner boundaries and enhanced mechanical stabilities. However, there are still high challenges for SC-LLO with diverse performance requirements, especially on their cycle stability improvement. Herein, a novel concentration gradient “single-crystal” LLO (GSC-LLO), with gradually decreasing Mn and increasing Ni contents from center to surface, is designed and prepared by combining co-precipitation and molten-salt sintering methods, yielding a capacity retention of 97.6% and an energy density retention of 95.8% within 100 cycles at 0.1 C. The enhanced performance is mostly attributed to the gradient-induced stabilized structure, free of cracks and less spinel-like structure formation after long-term cycling. Furthermore, the gradient design is also beneficial to the safety of LLOs as suggested by the improved thermal stability and reduced gas release. This study provides an effective strategy to prepare high-energy, high-stability, and high-safety LLOs for advanced LIBs. 相似文献
68.
Hybrid Catalyst Coupling Zn Single Atoms and CuNx Clusters for Synergetic Catalytic Reduction of CO2
Xiaosong Hu Xinyu Liu Xin Hu Chaoyue Zhao Qingxin Guan Wei Li 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(16):2214215
Reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) reaction is the initial and necessary step of CO2 hydrogenation to high value-added products, and regulating the selectivity of CO is still a fundamental challenge. In the present study, an efficient catalyst (CuZnNx@C-N) composed by Zn single atoms and Cu clusters stabilized by nitrogen sites is reported. It contains saturated four-coordinate Zn-N4 sites and low valence CuNx clusters. Monodisperse Zn induces the aggregation of pyridinic N to form Zn-N4 and N4 structures, which show strong Lewis basicity and has strong adsorption for *CO2 and *COOH intermediates, but weak adsorption for *CO, thus greatly improves the CO2 conversion and CO selectivity. The catalyst calcined at 700 °C exhibits the highest CO2 conversion of 43.6% under atmospheric pressure, which is 18.33 times of Cu-ZnO and close to the thermodynamic equilibrium conversion rate (49.9%) of CO2. In the catalytic process, CuNx not only adsorbs and activates H2, but also cooperates with the adjacent Zn-N4 and N4 structures to jointly activate CO2 molecules and further promotes the hydrogenation of CO2. This synergistic mechanism will provide new insights for developing efficient hydrogenation catalysts. 相似文献
69.
Jian Huang Tianyi Wang Guan Wang Zhiyi Song Zuosheng Yin 《Asian journal of control》2023,25(5):3792-3804
In this paper, a novel adaptive fault-tolerant control (FTC) scheme is proposed for a class of flexible air-breathing hypersonic vehicles with unknown inertial and aerodynamic parameters and even input constraints. The fault model under consideration covers the case that all actuators suffer from unknown time-varying faults. In the controller design and stability analysis, we introduce new Lyapunov functions, some differentiable auxiliary functions, a bound estimation approach, and a Nussbaum function, which help us successfully circumvent the obstacle caused by the faults, input constraints, and flexible modes. In addition to higher reliability, the proposed scheme is able to ensure that all closed-loop signals are globally uniformly bounded and to steer the tracking errors of altitude and velocity into predefined arbitrarily small residual sets. As a result, the tracking accuracy can be designated in advance. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. 相似文献
70.
The Sixth-Generation (6G) standard for wireless communications is expected to realize ubiquitous coverage for massive Internet of Things (IoT) networks by 2030. Satellite-based communications are recognized as a highly promising technical enabler to satisfy IoT service requirements in the 6G era. This study analyzes multiple access technologies, which are essential for the effective deployment of satellite-based IoT. First, we thoroughly investigate the existing research related to massive access, including information-theory considerations as well as Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) and Random Access (RA) technologies.Then, we explore the influence of the satellite transmission environment on multiple access technologies. Based on this study, a Non-orthogonal Massive Grant-Free Access (NoMaGFA) scheme, which reaps the joint benefits of RA and NOMA, is proposed for asynchronous transmissions in satellite-based IoT to achieve improved system throughput and enhance the system robustness under varying traffics. Finally, we identify some important and interesting future developments for satellite-based IoT, including waveform design, transceiver design, resource allocation, and artificial intelligence-enhanced design. 相似文献