东辛油田辛一污水站回注污水处理技术

东辛油田辛-污水处理站因污水处理设施老化,所加药剂与水质的配伍性较差,使回注于地层的污水水质不达标。作者较详细地介绍了辛-污水处理站通过改造污水处理流程,利用流程中沉降、过滤技术,优选污水处理剂,使处理后的污水水质有明显的改善,回注污水水质达标。     

选择加氢催化剂载体氧化铝的改性及其工业应用(Ⅰ)

报道了将稀土元素加入催化剂载体Al2O3中改进了Al2O3的热稳定性,调节了载体的表面酸度。用这种改性载体制成的Pd-Al2O3催化剂提高了催化剂的活性及选择性。将改性的氧化铝载体用于工业化C2选择加氢催化剂,性能卓越,降低了副产物绿油的生成量。而且改性的Al2O3作为载体,适用于制备所有石油化工加氢催化剂及环保催化剂。     

手工是人类永不衰竭的行当

手工艺生产往往被视为农业社会的产物,因而也就是落后的非现代非当代的行当.只有大工业化生产才是现代的标志.这似乎也是个现实.如果从纯产品生产的角度,工业化带来规模效应,这无可非议.然而,手工艺,当其与"艺"沾边的时候,尤其是"手工"涉入其中时,不论是与技艺或是艺术相关联,其产品就因人的理想、情感、观念的介入,因亲手的制作,而成为个人主观情志、人格的物化.     

Insoluble Wilkinson Catalyst RhCl(TPPTS)<Subscript>3</Subscript> Supported on SBA-15 for Heterogeneous Hydrogenation with and Without Supercritical CO<Subscript>2</Subscript>

The insoluble Wilkinson catalyst RhCl[P(m-C₆H₄SO₃)Na)₃]₃ changes from inert to very active by supported on mesoporous material SBA-15, and the catalyst is stable, easy to separate from products, clean, and can be reused directly. This catalyst combines the advantages of homogeneous catalysts and heterogeneous catalysts very well.     

Combined Urea Complexation and Argentated Silica Gel Column Chromatography for Concentration and Separation of PUFAs from Tuna Oil: Based on Improved DPA Level

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n‐3), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) isomers (22:5n‐6 and 22:5n‐3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n‐3) derived from tuna oil were concentrated by three stages of urea fractionation at various crystallization temperatures and different fatty acid/urea ratios. Thereafter, polyunsaturated fatty acids concentrate containing comparatively enriched DPA levels was purified by argentated silica gel column chromatography. A product containing 22.2 ± 0.6 % EPA, 4.6 ± 0.0 % DPAn‐6, 5.9 ± 0.1 % DPAn‐3 and 42.3 ± 1.2 % DHA was obtained at 1:1.6 fatty acid/urea ratio (w/w) by crystallization at ?8 °C for 16 h, ?20 °C for 8 h, and ?8 °C for 16 h. A DPA isomer concentrate containing 26.1 ± 0.5 % DPAn‐6 and 22.3 ± 0.4 % DPAn‐3 was achieved by argentated silica gel chromatography in the 6 % acetone/n‐hexane solvent fraction (v/v), and the recovery of both fatty acids was 66.1 ± 3.2 and 70.7 ± 2.2 %, respectively. Furthermore, 91.9 ± 2.5 % EPA and 99.5 ± 2.1 % DHA with recoveries of 47.8 ± 2.0 and 56.7 ± 3.3 %, respectively, were obtained in various fractions.     

Tribological behaviors of carbon series additions reinforced CF/PTFE composites at high speed

The tribological, mechanical, and thermal properties of carbon series additions reinforced CF/PTFE composites at high speed were investigated. In this work, carbon fiber (CF) filled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites, which have excellent tribological properties under normal sliding speed (1.4 m/s), were filled with some carbon materials [graphene (GE), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphite (Gr)] respectively to investigate the tribological properties of CF/PTFE composites at high sliding speed (2.1 and 2.5 m/s). The results reveal that the carbon series additions can improve the friction and anti‐wear performances of CF/PTFE, and GE is the most effective filler. The wear rate of 0.8 wt % GE/CF/PTFE was decreased by 50 ? 55%, 55 ? 60%, 40 ? 45% at 1.4, 2.1, and 2.5 m/s compared with CF/PTFE. SEM study shows GE could be helpful to form smooth and continuous transfer film on the surface of counterparts. Meanwhile, GE can improve its tensile strength and elastic modulus obviously. Thin layer structure of GE could enhance the thermal conductivity, which can be helpful to dissipate heat of CF/PTFE composites wear surface. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43236.     

A New HPLC-MS Method for Measuring Maslinic Acid and Oleanolic Acid in HT29 and HepG2 Human Cancer Cells

Maslinic acid (MA) and oleanolic acid (OA), the main triterpenic acids present in olive, have important properties for health and disease prevention. MA selectively inhibits cell proliferation of the HT29 human colon-cancer cell line by inducing selective apoptosis. For measuring the MA and OA concentration inside the cell and in the culture medium, a new HPLC-MS procedure has been developed. With this method, a determination of the amount of MA and OA incorporated into HT29 and HepG2 human cancer-cell lines incubated with different concentrations of MA corresponding to 50% growth inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀), IC_50/2, IC_50/4, and IC_50/8 has been made. The results demonstrate that this method is appropriate for determining the MA and OA concentration in different types of cultured cells and reveals the specific dynamics of entry of MA into HT29 and HepG2 cells.     

Physical agglomeration behavior in preparation of cellulose‐N‐methyl morpholine N‐oxide hydrate solutions by simple mixing

The different melting temperatures of N‐methyl morpholine N‐oxide (NMMO) hydrates in the cellulose–NMMO hydrate solution may be explained by the rather different crystal structures of NMMO hydrates, which are determined by the amount of the hydrates. The preparative process of cellulose–NMMO hydrate solution may result in cellulose structural change from cellulose I to cellulose II, depending on the amount of the hydrate. Mixtures of cellulose and NMMO hydrate in a blender was changed from the granules to slurry with increasing mixing time at 60–70°C, which is below the melting point of the NMMO hydrate. In the case of 15 wt % cellulose–NMMO hydrate granules, which were made by mixing for 20 min, the melting points of various NMMO hydrates were obtained as 77.8°C (n = 0.83), 70.2°C (n = 0.97), and 69.7°C (n = 1.23), respectively, depending on the hydrate number. However, the melting points of cellulose–NMMO hydrate slurry and solution were shifted lower than those of cellulose granules, while the mixing time of slurry and solution are 25 and 35 min, respectively. These melting behaviors indicate instantaneous liquefaction of the NMMO hydrate and the diffusion of the NMMO hydrate into cellulose during mixing in a blender. When cellulose was completely dissolved in NMMO hydrate, the crystal structure of cellulose showed only cellulose II structure. In the cellulose–NMMO products of granules or slurry obtained by high‐speed mixing, which is a new preparation method, they still retained the original cellulose I structure. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 1687–1697, 2004     

食品发酵实验教学改革的思考

食品发酵是食品科学专业中的核心课程之一,因此国内高校中食品科学相关专业需要开设相关实验课程为食品工业培养人才队伍。然而,食品发酵实验课程本身综合性较强,并且教学时间有限,若以传统的教学方式进行教学,难以获得良好的教学效果。笔者根据自身的教学实践,从教学模式、教学内容、教学方法与考评模式四个方面进行了教学改革。通过这些教学改革实践,学生的学习热情与学习效率得到显著提高。