In this paper, we first propose a new blind image watermarking scheme robust to geometric attacks and compressions. The scheme is based on contourlet transform (CT) and principal component analysis (PCA). The scheme uses the principal components of the largest contourlet coefficients of the last directional subband of the cover image to embed the watermark. Meanwhile, with the noise visibility function (NVF), the watermarking strength is adjusted adaptively to preserve the perceptual quality of the image. The watermark can be detected with high accuracy after various possible distortions. The normalized correlation (NC) between the original watermark and the watermark extracted from the distorted watermarked image is used as the robustness evaluation criterion. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme has good performance in terms of both quality and robustness against a variety of image-processing attacks, such as rotation, scaling and image compressions. Then we extend the scheme to blind video watermarking. The performance of the video watermarking scheme is evaluated against video attacks like rotation, frame averaging, noise additions and video compressions. The introduction of the CT produces robustness against image and video compressions, and the PCA yields resistance to geometric attacks.
The quality assessment of stereoscopic images has attracted considerable attention and become an important issue in 3D multimedia applications. The 3D image quality assessment (IQA) encounters many challenges and simple extension of the 2D quality metrics to the 3D case is not satisfying. In this paper, we propose a new perceptual quality assessment scheme for stereoscopic 3D images by considering the local and global visual characteristics. The design of this scheme is motivated by studies on the perception of distorted stereoscopic images. To be more specific, after the log-Gabor filter processing, the local amplitude and phase from the left and right views of the reference and distorted 3D images are utilized as features in local quality evaluation. Meanwhile, the global structure changes of the left and right views are also incorporated into the final quality pooling. The overall 3D quality score is obtained by combining the local and global quality indexes together. The effectiveness of the designed metric is verified on publicly available 3D image quality assessment databases. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme exhibits better performance than other related algorithms in terms of consistency with subjective assessment of stereoscopic 3D images.
We use an equivalent random system for the discrete rain medium. A serial model of computing cross-polar discrimination (XPD) is given by system model with propagation experiment data in Xi'an, China. The calculated results show this method is effective and straightforward. 相似文献