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21.
Anna Michalska Alicja Ceglińska Henryk Zieliński 《European Food Research and Technology》2007,225(3-4):545-551
Rye flours with extraction rate of 100% (wholemeal flour), 95% (brown flour), 90% (brown flour) and 70% (light flour) were
prepared in order to study the relation between flour extraction rates and content of bioactive compounds. The following compounds
were analysed: total phenolic compounds (TPC), total flavonoids (TF), inositol hexaphosphate (IP6), reduced (GSH) and oxidized
(GSSG) glutathione, tocopherols (T) and tocotrienols (T3). The reduced/oxidized glutathione status (GSH/GSSG) of the flours
was examined as a potential index of flour resistance against oxidative stress. The following observations were made in relation
to the flour extraction rates and bioactive compounds contents: (a) milling process caused decrease in content in TPC, TF,
IP6, GSH and GSSG, T and T3, (b) the most resistant against oxidation processes were suggested a brown flours, then light
and finally wholemeal flour, (c) the ratio of tocotrienols to tocopherols (T3/T) was the highest in rye flours with extraction
rate of 100–90% whereas light flour was the poorest source of tocopherols and tocotrienols. The provided data support current
trend to increase number of rye products from wholemeal or brown flours. 相似文献
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24.
J Kuczera S Witek TE Kral J H?adyszowski J Luczyński S Przestalski 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,53(5-6):389-397
The effect of a group of model lysosomotropic compounds on the process of Ca2+ ion desorption from lecithin liposome membranes was studied. The compounds studied were: hydrochlorides of fatty acids 2-dimethylaminoethyl esters (DM-n) for n = 9, 11, 13 and 15 carbon atoms in the fatty acid alkyl chain and methochloride of 2-dimethylaminoethyl laurate (DMS-11). It was found that all the compounds studied caused increased desorption with increasing concentration of the compound. Most effective was the quaternary ammonium salt, DMS-11. Moreover, it was found that the process of Ca2+ desorption from the membrane depended on pH of the medium. Compound DM-11 was more active at pH 8 than at pH 5. The action of DM-n compounds depended on the alkyl chain length, DM-11 and DM-13 being the most active. Apparently free amines penetrate the phospholipid membranes and incorporate into its hydrophobic core causing structural deformations. Hydrochlorides of fatty acids and the quaternary ammonium salt induce desorption of calcium ions mostly as a result of competitive electrostatic interactions. By quantum chemistry, PM3 method, and methods of molecular modelling we established the higher hydrophilicity of the polar head of DM-n series with respect to the polar head of the DMS-n compounds. DM-n compounds possess both acceptor and donor properties for hydrogen bonding while DMS-n are instrumental as acceptors only. It should be noted, that the results obtained in this paper for model membranes are in accordance with those for biological ones. 相似文献
25.
Post-lesion acquisition of two-way avoidance and subsequent transfer to two warning signals (conditioned stimulus, CS) of different modality were investigated in 60 rats. In Experiment I the animals were originally trained with less salient (darkness) CS, then transferred to more salient compound (darkness and white noise), and finally to white noise CS. The opposite arrangement of the conditioned stimuli (CSi) during the subsequent stages was employed in Experiment II. In control animals, avoidance acquisition was faster and the intertrial responding (ITR) rate lower with the auditory than with the visual CS. Lesioned rats learned avoidance responses more slowly, independently of CS modality. The transfer to other CSi revealed dramatic between-group difference in the level and consistency of avoidance response, shuttle-box latencies and ITR rate. In control animals, transfer to more salient CSi enhanced avoidance performance, whereas change to less salient CS decreased it. Rather small changes in shuttle-box performance and consistency of avoidance response due to CS modality were seen in rats with the basolateral lesions. In contrast, central nucleus injury caused a strong deterioration in the avoidance transfer, especially when the visual CS followed the acoustic one. The results indicate differential involvement of the basolateral and central amygdala nuclei in stimulus-processing mechanisms of instrumental defensive behavior. 相似文献
26.
D Gawryluk M Za?eska R Langfort K Oniszh J Kowalski E Wiatr J Za?eska E Rowińska-Zakrzewska 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,66(1-2):54-65
13 patients with RA admitted to our Institute with symptoms of respiratory involvement were described. Taking under consideration pulmonary function tests, radiological findings and histological examinations, we recognised 7 cases with interstitial lung disease, 3 cases with recurrent respiratory infection with bronchiectasis, 1 case with pleuritis, 1 with Caplan's syndrome and 1 with alveolar haemorrhage. The role of RF, and treatment with gold in the development of interstitial lung disease, as well as character of physiologic abnormalities concerning the small airways and its potential connection with bronchiolitis were discussed. 相似文献
27.
Bronisław Jańczuk Tomasz Białopiotrowicz Emil Chibowski Andrzej Dawidowicz Anna Kliszcz 《Journal of Materials Science》1990,25(3):1682-1685
The contact angles of water drops and diiodomethane drops on pellets made of controlled porosity glasses have been measured. The surface of the glasses was modified by thermal treatment at 873 K which led to an increase in the surface concentration of boron atoms. Glass modified with Carbowax 20M (polyethylene glycol) and fully hydroxylated glass have also been studied. Using the measured contact angles and modified Young equation, the dispersion and nondispersion components of the glass surface free energy have been calculated. The values show that with increasing heating time (increasing surface density of boron atoms) an increase in the surface polarity takes place. However, the polarity of the same samples decreases after treatment with Carbowax, increasingly so with higher boron atom concentrations. 相似文献
28.
Differential thermal analysis (DTA) was applied to determine the changes in enthalpy and entropy of (NH4)2ZnCl4 and K2ZnCl4 crystals at their phase transition from the orthorhombic normal phase to the incommensurate phase. The temperature of this transition, T
i
, is 406 K for (NH4)2ZnCl4 and 555 K for K2ZnCl4 and the entropy changes (S/R) are 0.053 and 0.035, respectively. The low value obtained for S/R is characteristic of incommensurate phase transitions. The results were compared with the data reported for other crystals of the A2BX4 family. Thermal properties of the crystals of the A2ZnCl4 subgroup were found to the correlated with the length of A-Cl bonds. 相似文献
29.
A new high-order model for analysing distribution of temperature in periodic composites is proposed. The original scalar elliptic problem with Y-periodic coefficients (Y is a cube) is replaced with a vectorial elliptic problem of constant coefficients. The unknown fields are: the averaged distribution of temperature and the vector field which stands for perturbation of the temperature within the cells of periodicity. The recovery of temperature in the original composite is given by the approximation: 0(x)=0(x) +h
a
(x/)
a
(x) analogous with the first terms of the two-scale asymptotic expansion known from the homogenization theory. The functions h
are defined as approximations of the solutions to the basic cell problems. In contrast to the two-scale expansion the expression for satisfies the boundary condition. 相似文献
30.
D. Oleszak E. Jartych A. Antolak M. Pkaa M. Szymaska M. Budzyski 《Journal of Alloys and Compounds》2005,400(1-2):23-28
X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetization measurements were used to study the structure and some magnetic properties of Fe50Ge50 and Fe62Ge38 prepared by mechanical alloying from the elemental powders. In both cases in the early stages of milling the intermediate paramagnetic FeGe2 phase was formed. The mechanical alloying process of Fe50Ge50 resulted in the formation of the paramagnetic FeGe (B20) phase with an average crystallite size of about 15 nm. In the case of the Fe62Ge38, the ferromagnetic Fe5Ge3 (β) phase with a Curie temperature of about 430 K was obtained. The average crystallite size was about 9 nm. The average hyperfine magnetic field of about 16 T allowed it to determine that more than four germanium atoms exist in the nearest environment of the 57Fe isotopes in the Fe5Ge3 phase. 相似文献