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71.
John Tsinias 《Systems & Control Letters》1991,17(1)
In this paper we generalize the Vidyasagar's well known theorem on the local stabilizability problem of nonlinear systems using state detection [11]. Our purpose is to prove that if a system is weakly detectable and stabilizable by means of a continuous state feedback u = γ(x), for which no differentiability assumption is imposed, then the system is also stabilized by the law u = γ(z), where z is the output of a weak detector for the state x. The result above is applicable to several cases not covered by other works. 相似文献
72.
John R. Clem Zhidong Hao Ljiljana Dobrosavljević-Grujić Zoran Radović 《Journal of Low Temperature Physics》1992,88(3-4):213-219
We present a generalized variational model of an isolated vortex, valid in the anisotropic case when the external magnetic field is along one of the symmetry directions. We discuss the effects of the field anisotropy on the core and magnetic pinning of individual vortices. 相似文献
73.
74.
A new minimum zone method for evaluating flatness errors 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A new minimum zone method for flatnes error analyis is proposed in this article. Based on the criteria for the minimum zone solution and strict rules for data exchange, a simple and rapid algorithm, called the control plane rotation scheme, is developed for the flatness analysis of a flat surface. Experimental work was performed, and some examples are given in terms of the minimum zone and least-squares solutions. 相似文献
75.
76.
Combustion synthesis of advanced materials: Part I. Reaction parameters 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
An explanation of combustion (self propagating high temperature) synthesis (SHS) is given together with a historical perspective of the examination of such exothermic reactions. The application of thermochemical functions has been used to predict theoretically the maximum adiabatic temperature, Tad. This, combined with a knowledge of the ignition temperature, Tig, and the actual combustion temperature, Tc, has been used to determine the heat loss from the SHS reaction and the amount of heat needed to raise the adjacent, cold, reactant layer to the ignition temperature in order to maintain the self sustaining nature of the propagating mode of the reaction. The pertinent reaction parameters that control self propagating high temperature (combustion) synthesis reactions have been examined. These include: reactant particle size and shape; powder mixing and compaction; green density; reaction stoichiometry; impurities; volatiles and diluents; reaction environment; mode and technique of ignition; heating rate; and the effect of these parameters on the generation of heat, exothermicity and control of the SHS reaction. 相似文献
77.
Matthew John M. Krane Frank P. Incropera 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》1995,26(9):2329-2339
Numerical calculations based on a continuum model are used to examine the effects of solidification shrinkage on the redistribution
of solute in a Pb-19.2 pct Sn mixture which is convectively cooled at a sidewall. For each of three different cooling rates,
separate calculations are performed for shrinkage and buoyancy-induced flows, as well as for the combined influence of shrinkage
and buoyancy effects. The calculations reveal that flow and macrosegregation patterns are more strongly influenced by buoyancy
effects over a wide range of solidification rates. Although extremely large solidification rates yield small regions near
the chilled wall in which shrinkage-induced flows control the redis-tribution of solute, the overall effect on macrosegregation
is small relative to that associated with buoyancy. Scaling analysis of the governing equations produces reference shrinkage
and buoyancy velocities which can be used to extend the current numerical results to other binary systems. 相似文献
78.
John Prescott 《Food quality and preference》1998,9(6):393-402
A program of research that compared the taste perceptions and preferences of Japanese and Australian consumer panels is reviewed from the point of view of the general issues that have emerged. These studies revealed few cross-cultural differences in the perceptions of the panels, implicating an important role for dietary experience in differences in preference. There was also little evidence for cross-cultural influences on panellists' assessment behaviour, such as scale usage. Studies of predominantly sweet and salty foods from both Australia and Japan illustrated the importance of familiarity with the overall product as an influence on the assessment of individual sensory characteristics. Subsequent attempts to overcome this influence by comparing cross-cultural responses to the manipulation of tastes within foods common to both cultures revealed no differences in the optimum tastant level within each of the foods. The implications of these studies for future cross-cultural research is addressed, and it is argued that future studies need to develop methods for determining the acceptability of relatively novel foods specifically developed for export markets, and also to address the complexity of food preferences from the point of view of both sensory and non-sensory influences. 相似文献
79.
A new seismic support device and its application in piping systems is described. The device, E-BAR (patented), can be cost effectively used for snubber replacement programs, mitigation of hydraulic transients, pipe whip and as a thermal stop. The device has pre-set gaps to allow free thermal movement. During a seismic or other dynamic load event, if the pipe movement exceeds the gap dimension, the device acts as an elastic or elastic-plastic restraint. The device also has a unique design feature for not exceeding the restraint force beyond a specified limit design value. To analyze piping systems with gap supports having elastic-plastic characteristics, modal analysis procedures for both response spectrum and time history methods are developed. The comparison of responses obtained from the procedures with nonlinear time history analysis and test results available in the literature shows excellent correlation. A pilot program conducted for snubber replacement with E-BARs demonstrates that the limit force feature of E-BAR makes them very attractive for snubber replacement. This is because a particular E-BAR with a specified limit design force can be selected, such that, the E-BAR replacing the snubber does not require any modifications be made to the existing support steel and hardware. 相似文献
80.
A finite element (FE) based formulation is utilized to represent the damage-dependent response of laminated composite structures. An internal-state-variable (ISV) approach provides a definition of the stiffness reduction caused by intralaminar crack propagation at the ply level. These ISVs are combined with simple stress criteria to accommodate ply property changes caused by fiber fracture, fiber microbuckling and interior delaminations. A set of orthogonal Ritz vectors are chosen as basis vectors to transform the dynamical equations of motion to a reduced coordinate space. The reduced basis form of the equations provides significant numerical efficiencies, especially for large ordered systems. Furthermore, damping and its variation with damage can be generally represented in any number of vibratory modes. The Newmark integration operator is used to solve the dynamic equations of motion, and equilibrium iterations are performed in each incremental time step to assure convergence. Results are given for laminated beam and plate geometries subjected to dynamic loads. 相似文献