Utilisation possibility of Enterococcus faecalis isolates from neonate's faeces for production of fermented sausages as starter cultures

This study aimed at assessing the utilisation possibility of Enterococcus faecalis as starter cultures for production of fermented sausages. The E. faecalis isolates isolated from faeces samples of 5‐day‐old healthy newborn babies, identified by 16SrDNA sequencing and free from virulence determinants as proven by genomic sequencing, were used for fermented sausages production as starter culture. Six treatments (four inoculated with four different E. faecalis isolates, one with commercial starter culture and one control) were prepared. The inoculation with E. faecalis showed a stronger acidification compared with the control. The treatments with E. faecalis showed significantly higher flavour and acceptability scores in comparison with the control or commercial starter culture. Both of commercial starter culture and E. faecalis were positive with tyramine. Apart from the amine production, the inoculation with E. faecalis generally improved the acidifying activity and flavour of the products, suggesting their application potentials in fermented sausages production as starter cultures.     

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Injection Molding of Ti-6Al-4V Powders for High-Performance Titanium Parts

Both experimental and numerical analysis of powder injection molding (PIM) of Ti-6Al-4V alloy were performed to prepare a defect-free high-performance Ti-6Al-4V part with low carbon/oxygen contents. The prepared feedstock was characterized with specific experiments to identify its viscosity, pressure–volume–temperature and thermal properties to simulate its injection molding process. A finite-element-based numerical scheme was employed to simulate the thermomechanical process during the injection molding. In addition, the injection molding, debinding, sintering and hot isostatic pressing processes were performed in sequence to prepare the PIMed parts. With optimized processing conditions, the PIMed Ti-6Al-4V part exhibits excellent physical and mechanical properties, showing a final density of 99.8%, tensile strength of 973 MPa and elongation of 16%.     

Quasi-isotropic bending responses of metallic sandwich plates with bi-directionally corrugated cores

In order to reduce anisotropic behaviors of sandwich plates with open channel cores under the bending load, bi-directionally corrugated cores were introduced. Bi-directionally corrugated core has two additional design parameters related with a corrugation pass than uni-directionally corrugated core, so that its properties with respect to core orientations can be controlled. Sandwich plate with bi-directionally corrugated core is designed optimally so that beam buckling of face sheets is reduced drastically and anisotropic buckling behavior in the face sheets is minimized. The cores fabricated by a sectional forming process were bonded with face sheets by adhesive bonding. Three-point bending experiments were carried out with respect to core orientations. It has been shown from the experiments that sandwich plates with bi-directionally corrugated cores exhibit quasi-isotopic bending behaviors and structural performances in sandwich plates.     

Equilibrium States of Liquid, Solid, and Vapor and the Configurations for Copper, Tungsten, and Pores in Liquid-Phase Sintering

The equilibrium state of the liquid–solid structure during liquid-phase sintering (LPS) is pondered with respect to minimum energy geometries. Besides the solid–liquid ratio, several interfacial energies determine the most stable geometric configuration. In this study, we rely on the attributes of the copper or nickel as the liquid, tungsten as the solid, and vapor to solve for terminal configurations that include liquid pools inside the solid grains. Surface evolution is enabled using a stepwise computer program[1] to rearrange and reshape small grain clusters reflective of LPS based on a preset combination of wetting and dihedral angles. The findings show how different interfacial energies, as a result of oxidation or impurity segregation, play a role in determining the final geometry. The specific concern is identification of situations in which a liquid is stable inside the solid, as observed in some LPS materials.     

Neutron diffraction measurements of residual stresses in a 50 mm thick weld

Residual stresses were determined through the thickness of a 50 mm thick ferrite steel weld plate using neutron diffraction. Whereas the limiting penetration depth for iron-based alloys is about 25 mm in the most typical neutron diffractometers, we significantly enhanced the penetration depth up to 50 mm with 2 mm spatial resolution by using the neutron wavelength of 2.39 Å. The selected wavelength minimizes the total neutron cross-section and beam attenuation, thereby, maximizes the neutron fluxes at depth. Two-dimensional mapping of the residual stresses shows that significant amounts of the tensile longitudinal stresses (over 90% of yield strength) were developed along the heat-affected zone of the weld.     

Synthesis of chiral stationary phase via surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization of vinylated cellulose 3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate

A polysaccharide‐immobilized chiral stationary phase (CSP) was prepared by the surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI‐ATRP), in pyridine, of cellulose 2,3‐bis(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate), having a polymerizable vinyl group, on the surface of SiO₂ support. The successful preparation of the CSP was confirmed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis and thermal analysis. The chiral recognition ability of the prepared CSP was evaluated with high‐performance liquid chromatography using 10 racemates with various mobile phases of hexane/alcohol, hexane/tetrahydrofuran and hexane/chloroform. As a result, this CSP prepared using SI‐ATRP can be used in tetrahydrofuran and chloroform solutions as eluents. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry