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41.
Jose Gerde Connie Hardy Walter Fehr Pamela J. White 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2007,84(6):557-563
Two extruded-expelled physically refined soybean oils with reduced contents of linolenic acid, ultra-low- linolenic acid (ULL,
1.5%) and low-linolenic acid (LL, 2.6%), and a extruded-expelled physically refined control oil (control, 5.3% linolenic acid)
were evaluated by frying French fries in a commercial-like setting for 6 h day−1 during 23 days. The oils became darker, increased in yellow color at the beginning, and became redder and less green throughout
the process. Free fatty acids levels were not different among the oils until day 14, after which, ULL was different from the
control for the remainder of frying. The conjugated dienoic acid values were greatest in the control. Generally, ULL and LL
oils had lower percentages of polar compounds than did the control, providing a frying life 2 days longer than the control
and ~30% increase in frying time. A trained sensory panel evaluated the French fries on days 2, 5, and 6. Buttery and potato
flavors decreased, and rancid and painty flavors increased over frying time for all products. Rancid flavor was highest in
the fries from the control oil. Overall, the ULL and LL oils performed better than did the control oil and ULL tended to perform
better than the LL. 相似文献
42.
The humic acids, HA, extracted from a Spanish lignite and the nitrohumic acids, NHA, and nitrofulvic acids, NFA, extracted from the same lignite after its nitration, are hydrolysed with 6N HCI under reflux. The α-amino acids present in the hydrolysates are determined and thirteen α-amino acids are identified. The amounts of nitrogen in the amino-acids released by the hydrolysis increase according to the sequence: NFA > NHA > HA. 相似文献
43.
Dr. Christoph Goebel Prof.?Dr. Hans-Arno Jacobsen Victor del Razo Mag.? Christoph Doblander Dipl.-Ing. Jose Rivera Dipl-Inform.?Wirt Jens Ilg Dr. Christoph Flath Prof.?Dr. Hartmut Schmeck Prof.?Dr. Christof Weinhardt Dipl-Inform. Daniel Pathmaperuma Prof.?Dr. Dr.?h.?c. Hans-Jürgen Appelrath Prof.?Dr. Michael Sonnenschein Prof.?Dr. Sebastian Lehnhoff Prof.?Dr. Oliver Kramer Prof.?Dr. Thorsten Staake Prof.?Dr. Elgar Fleisch Prof.?Dr. Dirk Neumann Prof.?Dr. Jens Strüker Dr. Koray Erek Prof.?Dr. Rüdiger Zarnekow Dr. Holger Ziekow Prof.?Dr. J?rg L?ssig 《WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK》2014,56(1):31-39
Due to the increasing importance of producing and consuming energy more sustainably, Energy Informatics (EI) has evolved into a thriving research area within the CS/IS community. The article attempts to characterize this young and highly dynamic field of research by describing current EI research topics and methods and provides an outlook of how the field might evolve in the future. It is shown that two general research questions have received the most attention so far and are likely to dominate the EI research agenda in the coming years: How to leverage information and communication technology (ICT) to (1) improve energy efficiency, and (2) to integrate decentralized renewable energy sources into the power grid. Selected EI streams are reviewed, highlighting how the respective research questions are broken down into specific research projects and how EI researchers have made contributions based on their individual academic background. 相似文献
44.
Jose Avalos 《个人电脑》2014,(11):94-95
正数字标牌的发展可以说是一场技术革命,它在不同的环境下有着不同的应用潜能。如今,凭借智能、互联、精准和可视性强等突出优势,数字标牌正已成为仅次于电视的第二大媒体形式,同时也是零售物联网的重要媒介,帮助实现真正的O2O业务模式。数字标牌,可能对很多人来说还是一个十分陌生的词汇,但它其实已在"不经意"间走入了你的生活:在商场里,装有人脸识别系统的数字标牌成为商家进行精准营销的"虚拟店铺";在街头,具有移动支付功能的自动售货机可提供多种便民服务;在学校内,安装了教学系统的电子白板可帮助师生实时 相似文献
45.
Jose Ygnacio Pastor Jaime Planas Manuel Elices 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1993,76(11):2927-2929
A new technique that provides stable fracture tests in brittle ceramic materials at room and at high temperature is presented. This technique uses the crack mouth opening displacement signal from a laser extensometer to feed the servo control of a hydraulic testing machine. In this way it is possible to obtain—in addition to the fracture toughness—the fracture energy and the R -curve, in a single test. 相似文献
46.
Baishen Liang Alessandro Gomez Jose L. Castillo Daniel E. Rosner 《Chemical Engineering Communications》1989,85(1):113-133
In carrying out partial vapor condensations using actively cooled surfaces it is known that 'mist' formation can occur within thermal boundary layers (Rosner and Epstein, 1968), dramatically modifying total deposition fluxes. Using a combination of flash-evaporation (Rosner and Liang, 1986) and laser probing techniques, we report new experimental results on binary alkali salt (K2SO4 + Na2SO4) deposition from combustion gases showing that the deposition rate of potassium sulfate first increases with the addition of sodium sulfate until the concentration of Na2SO4 reaches a (target surface temperature dependent) 'threshold' value. Further increases in the concentration of Na2SO4 dramatically decrease the total deposition rate of K2SO4, implying that potassium sulfate-containing microdroplets are formed within the thermal boundary layer, which, despite their thermophoretic drift toward the target, are not collected as effectively as the 'parent' K2SO4-vapor species. Laser light scattering measurements clearly reveal that suspended particles exist near the deposition surface under these conditions. Our experimental results on mass transfer rate and light scattering are consistent with those predicted using laminar boundary layer theory (Castillo and Rosner, 1989b) coupling both binary salt vapor deposition with particle vapor scavenging and deposition. Comparisons of our observed mist onset conditions (implying critical supersaturations near unity) with those expected using homogeneous nucleation theory suggest that the binary alkali sulfate mist nucleation mechanism is, instead, heterogeneous, even in our relatively 'clean' combustion products. Because of the; well-known vapor pressure reduction phenomenon associated here with the formation of non-ideal solutions, binary systems are shown to provide convenient 'vehicles' to investigate BL mist formation onset conditions and CVD-rate consequences without requiring the more extreme surface coolings characteristic of unary condensible vapor systems. An understanding of this dramatic phenomenon, obtained via such laboratory experiments and calculations, will allow its inclusion in future deposition rate calculations of engineering importance. 相似文献
47.
E. Rivera-Muñoz D. Lardizabal G. Alonso A. Aguilar M.H. Siadati R.R. Chianelli 《Catalysis Letters》2003,85(3-4):147-151
MCM-41- and silica gel-supported MoS2 catalysts were prepared. MCM-41 was synthesized and impregnated with precursor, then activated to obtain the active phase. The sol–gel method was used for providing the SiO2 support as well as for including the catalyst precursors in one single step of preparation. Such catalysts have applications particularly in hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) processes. A comparison of the activities of the catalysts was made. The catalytic activity results showed the method of preparation used in this study was successful in producing very efficient catalysts for the HDS of dibenzothiophene (DBT).A higher selectivity for direct C–S bond cleavage was observed for the MoS2 catalyst supported on SiO2 by the sol–gel method. X-ray diffraction studies showed that the catalysts were poorly crystallized with a very weak intensity of the (002) line of 2H-MoS2. 相似文献
48.
This paper presents a new loss function for neural network classification, inspired by the recently proposed similarity measure called Correntropy. We show that this function essentially behaves like the conventional square loss for samples that are well within the decision boundary and have small errors, and L0 or counting norm for samples that are outliers or are difficult to classify. Depending on the value of the kernel size parameter, the proposed loss function moves smoothly from convex to non-convex and becomes a close approximation to the misclassification loss (ideal 0–1 loss). We show that the discriminant function obtained by optimizing the proposed loss function in the neighborhood of the ideal 0–1 loss function to train a neural network is immune to overfitting, more robust to outliers, and has consistent and better generalization performance as compared to other commonly used loss functions, even after prolonged training. The results also show that it is a close competitor to the SVM. Since the proposed method is compatible with simple gradient based online learning, it is a practical way of improving the performance of neural network classifiers. 相似文献
49.
Jose María Alvarez-Rodríguez Jose Emilio Labra-Gayo Patricia Ordoñez de Pablos 《Computers in Industry》2014
The present paper introduces and reviews existing technology and research works in the field of e-Procurement. More specifically this survey aims to collect those relevant approaches that have tackled the challenge of delivering more advanced and intelligent e-Procurement management systems due to its relevance in the industry to afford more timely, adaptable and flexible decisions in purchasing processes. Although existing tools and techniques have demonstrated their ability to manage e-Procurement processes as a part of a supply management system there is a lack of interoperability among tools, tangled dependencies between processes or difficulties to exploit existing data and information to name a few that are preventing a proper use of the new dynamic and data-based environment. On the other hand semantic-based technologies emerge to provide the adequate building blocks to represent domain-knowledge and elevate the meaning of information resources through a common and shared data model (RDF) with a formal query language (SPARQL) and accessible via the Internet Protocols. In this sense the Linked Data effort has gained momentum to apply the principles of the aforementioned initiative to boost the re-use of information and data across different tools and processes. That is why authors review both existing open issues in the context e-Procurement with special focus on public procurement and semantic-based approaches to address them. To do so a preliminary research study is conducted to assess the state of the art in the context of e-Procurement and semantic-based systems. Afterwards main drawbacks of existing e-Procurement systems are presented to narrow down in semantic-based approaches applied to this field. Once the current status in both areas is reviewed, authors purpose the use and creation of an e-Procurement index to evaluate the quality of service of procurement systems. In this light the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used to set up an initial weight for each indicator in the index and to perform a first comparison between traditional and semantic-based approaches. Finally some discussion, conclusions and future challenges are also outlined. 相似文献
50.
The exponential growth of Internet during the last decade leads us to make more efforts in the researching and developing of sustainable Web servers in order to decrease the global energy demand. In this paper, we cover, as a first step, a proper review of the literature related to the energy efficiency research in Web server systems to depict the state of the art to plan further contributions as more research in sustainable Web systems. We also propose and implement an energy metric that permits to establish a relation between the Quality of Service (QoS) obtained by the system and the power it consumes. 相似文献