用氟硼酸根离子选择性电极电位滴定法测定复合推进剂中的高氯酸铵

本法用BF7电极作指示电极，双液接饱和甘汞电极作参比电极，用十六烷基三甲基氯化铵（CETAC）或氯代十六烷在吡啶（CPC）电位滴定用水提取的复合推进剂中的高氯酸铵。共平均回收率达99．75％，准确度和精密度中和法（甲醛法）。     

广播运行中的三点探索

本文主要对广播电台利用3G无线上网传送现场直播信号、热线投诉类节目音频资料的储存制作、简易音频工作站的建立和应用进行介绍和前瞻。     

Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Mitochondria Damage and Mitophagy in COPD via ERK1/2 MAPK

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by irreversible deterioration of the airway wall. Cigarette smoking is the major trigger, and in vitro studies showed that cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induced mitophagy in airway epithelial cells via oxidative stress, but this mechanism was not studied in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). Primary ASMCs isolated from COPD patients or non-disease donors were investigated for CSE-induced remodeling and mitochondria structure. Proteins were assessed by Western blots for remodeling: collagen type-I, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin; autophagy: beclin-1, protein62 (p62), light chain (LC)3A/B; mitochondria activity: mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II & -IV (MTCO2, MTCO4), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α); lysosomes: early endosome antigen 1, lysosome activated membrane protein 1; and cell signaling: extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1/2). Lysotracker and Mitotracker were used to monitor mitochondria morphology and organelle co-localization. Compared with controls, untreated COPD ASMCs showed lower collagen type-I and α-SMA expressions, but increased fibronectin levels. CSE further downregulated collagen type-I and α-SMA expression, but upregulated fibronectin. CSE decreased PGC-1α, MTCO2, and MTCO4, but increased beclin-1, p62, and LC3. CSE upregulated mitophagy and lysosomes activity via ERK1/2 phosphorylation. In vitro, cigarette smoke induced the deterioration of ASMCs, which might explain the tissue loss and structural remodeling in COPD bronchi. The results suggest that preventing exceeded mitophagy in ASMCs might present a novel therapeutic target for COPD.     

Improvements in performance and microstructure of doped graphites as plasma-facing materials by a new process

Multi-elemental (B, Si and Ti) doped graphite was prepared from fillers of petroleum coke, dopants and binder of coal tar pitch by a new liquid mixing method. Such composite has not only high thermal conductivity (233 W/m K) but also excellent mechanical strength compared with the material prepared by the conventional solid mixing method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results show that such material has a fine-grained structure as well as little pore diameter. The effects of the manufacturing procedure of doped graphites on the performance and microstructure are investigated. In addition, correlations between properties and microstructure are also discussed in detail.     

电子辐照GaInP/GaAs/Ge三结太阳电池少子寿命的变化

为研究电子辐照空间太阳电池的损伤机制,对电子辐照GaInP/GaAs/Ge三结太阳电池进行了光致发光谱测量,分析了GaInP顶电池及GaAs中间电池发光强度随电子注量的变化规律。利用辐射效率关系对归一化发光强度随电子辐照注量的变化进行了拟合,分别得到了GaInP顶电池及GaAs中间电池在不同辐照条件下的少子非辐射复合寿命τ_nr,通过对比辐照前后少子非辐射复合寿命的衰降变化,发现GaInP顶电池的抗辐照性能优于GaAs中间电池。     

萃取色层分离ICP／MS测定U3O8中Zr,Nb,Ta和Ru

〕本文叙述了ＣＬ－ＴＢＰ萃取色层分离,ＩＣＰ／ＭＳ测定Ｕ３Ｏ８ 中痕量杂质元素Ｚｒ、Ｎｂ、Ｔａ 和Ｒｕ 的方法。Ｕ３Ｏ８ 经硝酸及少许氢氟酸溶解后,用ＣＬ－ＴＢＰ萃淋树脂作固定相,硝酸与草酸的混合酸作流动相,进行萃取色层分离使被测杂质元素与铀基体分离,杂质元素淋洗液用ＩＣＰ／ＭＳ测定。取样量为０．５ｇ 时,杂质元素Ｚｒ、Ｎｂ、Ｔａ和Ｒｕ 的测定下限为１×１０－ ８ｇ／ｇ,方法的重加回收率在９３％ －１１２％ 之间,８ 次平行取样测量结果的相对标准偏差小于１７％ ,本方法应用于Ｕ３Ｏ８ 标准物质中Ｚｒ、Ｎｂ、Ｔａ和Ｒｕ 的测量,测量结果与定值数据吻合较好     

阳离子改性纤维在造纸法加热不燃烧烟草薄片中的应用研究

本研究利用阳离子改性纤维具有正电荷和高保水值的特点,与漂白木浆复合抄造制备加热不燃烧烟草薄片基片,以提升基片的吸收性能。结果表明,阳离子改性纤维的添加能有效降低基片的紧度,提升其对涂布液的吸收性能,增加加热不燃烧烟草薄片对涂布液的负载率。未添加阳离子改性纤维的加热不燃烧烟草薄片涂布负载率达121.69%,而阳离子改性纤维添加量为100%的加热不燃烧烟草薄片涂布负载率达215.58%,与前者相比增加了93.89个百分点。选择添加量为60%（相对于绝干木浆总质量）的阳离子改性纤维用于加热不燃烧烟草薄片基片制备,其基片紧度为0.45 g/cm³,孔隙率达70.90%,透气度17.92 μm/(Pa·s),制备的加热不燃烧烟草薄片对涂布液的负载率达154.67%,并具有良好的吸食口感。     

乳酸菌的益生特性及应用研究进展

活性乳酸菌产品因其良好的益生功效越来越受到人们的青睐,市场需求量不断增大。然而,受乳酸菌厌氧和热敏感性的限制,以及加工中加热和氧气胁迫的影响,产品中活性乳酸菌数量大幅度下降。进入体内的活性乳酸菌在胃液高酸性和肠道高胆汁酸等复杂环境的胁迫下进一步降低,严重影响产品的益生功效。为此,人们在提高乳酸菌对热、氧气、胃肠环境耐受性方面进行了大量研究,并开发了系列新技术,但缺乏彼此间的综合对比与分析。本文围绕如何提高乳酸菌的加工存活率,以及胃肠耐受性和肠道递送问题,对静电纺丝、静电喷雾、乳滴技术、多酚纳米盔甲、热诱导预处理等新技术的作用效果进行了总结与对比,以期为相关研究和技术应用提供参考。     

半钢子午线轮胎胎侧白圈外观不良原因分析及改进措施

分析半钢子午线轮胎胎侧白圈外观不良的产生原因,并提出改进措施。通过采取使用白胎侧轮胎专用覆皮胶、合理设计白胶料在胎侧中的位置、控制胎侧生产时白胶料与黑胶料的挤出压力、确保挤出半成品部件表面平整、减小成型时胎侧位置偏歪、接头搭接尺寸按零偏差控制等措施,并严格管控生产过程,有效解决了半钢子午线轮胎胎侧白圈外观不良的问题。