夜间通风在不同气候条件下的适用性

近年来,夜间通风作为一种被动式降温手段受到越来越多的关注。为了研究夜间通风在中国不同气候条件下的节能效果,选取北京、上海、广州分别作为寒冷地区、夏热冬冷地区以及夏热冬暖地区的代表城市,使用建筑能耗模拟软件Energyplus建立一个办公建筑模型,分别在使用和未使用夜间通风的情况下计算出3个城市建筑在供冷季各月的供冷能耗和总能耗,通过对比,分析夜间通风的节能效果。研究结果表明,在相同的月份,夜间通风的效果会随着城市纬度的增加而增大,但对于整个供冷季,即便是在低纬度的夏热冬暖地区,夜间通风也具有显著的节能效果。     

Effects of Carbon and Oxygen Impurities on Luminescence Properties of BCNO Phosphor

The BN and BCNO phosphors were prepared at 750°C using different methods and their structure and luminescent properties were investigated. All the prepared samples were turbostratic boron nitride structure. The SEM and high‐resolution TEM images show that the BCNO phosphors are polycrystalline in nature and include some nanocrystals. The carbon and oxygen impurities have great effects on the excitation, emission, and absorption spectra of BN and BCNO phosphors. The first‐principle calculations results indicate that the carbon and oxygen impurities will produce energy levels in the band gap, which can affect the spectra properties of BCNO phosphors. The spectra properties of BN and BCNO phosphors can be well explained by a simplified energy level diagram.     

Mechanical Behavior of Diamond-Sawn Multi-Crystalline Silicon Wafers and its Improvement

Poor mechanical property is identified as a potential barrier to commercial development of diamond wire sawn multi-crystalline silicon wafers. 3-point bending tests of the diamond-sawn multi-crystalline silicon wafer samples, along with those of mono-crystalline silicon and of the slurry-sawn wafers for references, were carried out. The bending in two orthogonal orientations relative to the cutting marks was tested respectively. Critical strain at breakage is chosen to indicate the wafer’s strength against breakage in bending. Effective elastic moduli of the different wafer samples in bending were also measured. The results show that, compared to slurry-sawn silicon wafers, diamond-sawn silicon wafers, either of mono-crystalline or multi-crystalline, are stronger in the direction parallel to the cutting marks, and weaker in the direction vertical to the cutting marks; more importantly, for diamond-sawn multi-crystalline silicon wafers, a very low critical strain level, ～57 % of the slurry-sawn multi-crystalline silicon wafers, is identified, in their direction vertical to the cutting marks. In view of the relevance of the critical strain to the breakage rate for the main stream slurry-sawn wafers, this would cause an unacceptably high breakage rate in industrial production and application of the diamond-sawn multi-crystalline silicon wafers. Annealing was found to significantly raise the critical strains of various wafers, and encouragingly, annealing at temperature as low as 400 °C can raise the critical strain of the diamond-sawn multi-crystalline silicon wafers to a level similar to that of the slurry-sawn multi-crystalline silicon wafers.     

试论建筑施工质量管理

提高建筑施工质量管理水平,是保证工程质量的重要手段。本文先点出加强建筑施工管理的重要性,再分析建筑施工质量管理过程中存在的问题,并提出相应的措施。     

Novel DTD and VAD assisted voice detection algorithm for VoIP systems

Echo cancellation plays an important role in current Internet protocol(IP) based voice interactive systems. Voice state detection is an essential part in echo cancellation. It mainly comprises two parts: double talk detection(DTD) and voice activity detection(VAD). DTD is used to detect doubletalk and prevent filter divergence in the presence of near-end speech, and VAD is used to determine the near-end voice activity and output silence indicator when near-end is silent. However, DTD straightforwardly proceeded may mistakenly declare double talk under double silent condition, coefficients update under the far-end silence condition may lead to filter divergence, and current VAD algorithms may misjudge the residual echo from the near end to be far-end voice. Therefore, a voice detection algorithm combining DTD and far-end VAD is proposed. DTD is implemented when VAD declares far-end speech, filtering and coefficients update will be halted when VAD declares far-end silence, and the far-end VAD adopted is multi-feature VAD based on short-time energy and correlation. The new algorithm can improve the accuracy of DTD, prevent filter divergence, and exclude the circumstance that far-end signal only contains residual echo from near end. Actual test results show that the voice state decision of the new algorithm is accurate, and the performance of echo cancellation is improved.     

论桥梁工程桥面裂缝原因及控制措施

随着社会的发展和进步，土力学理论以及科学技术的发展，各类工程建设项目在我国不断兴起，现代施工技术也应运而生。本文针对桥梁工程的桥面裂缝展开探讨，从而分析其形成原因，同时结合施工技术，就加强桥面的裂缝控制，不断采取有效措施。     

基于MAC序列的相位编码准连续波的研究与应用

本文在讨论用二相编码信号构成的准连续波的数学模型和模糊函数的基础上,引入新的二元序列--MAC序列,并对其产生以及自相关特性进行了详细研究。通过对采用该序列编码的准连续波信号的周期单码重复时和多码重复的模糊函数进行仿真,其结果具有很好的图钉状,即有较高的距离和多普勒分辨率;并将MAC序列的相位编码准连续波应用在波形设计中,脉压仿真结果表明相比较m序列码,MAC序列更适用于目标检测。     

精脱硫工序积碳与结焦的对策

介绍了甲醇生产中焦炉煤气精脱硫系统积碳与结焦的危害以及应对方法。通过设备改造及工艺调整等措施,减少各种杂质进入精脱硫系统,使加氢催化剂保持良好效果,实现设备长周期运行。     

浅谈建筑设计过程的质量控制与管理

在本文中，笔者首先详细阐述了建筑设计的质量控制与管理理念。并根据基本理念，提出了一系列完善质量控制和管理保证体系及运作方法，以期能够切实加强建筑设计的规范性作用。     

论述高层建筑玻璃幕墙设计方法

幕墙技术以其实用性和美观性在建筑工程中得到广泛的使用，本文首先分析了高层建筑玻璃幕墙设计时应该考虑的问题，接着重点分析了高层建筑玻璃幕墙设计，最后总结了保证建筑玻璃幕墙设计质量的措施，希望能够为高层建筑幕墙设计提供的借鉴。