Influence of polymerization conditions on the structure and properties of polyethylene/polypropylene in‐reactor alloy synthesized in the gas phase with a spherical Ziegler–Natta catalyst

A spherical TiCl₄/MgCl₂‐based catalyst was used in the synthesis of in‐reactor polyethylene/polypropylene alloys by polyethylene homopolymerization and subsequent homopolymerization of propylene in the gas phase. Different conditions in the ethylene homopolymerization stage, such as monomer pressure and polymerization temperature, were investigated, and their influences on the structure and properties of in‐reactor alloys were studied. Raising the polymerization temperature is the most effective way of speeding up polymerization and regulating the ethylene content of polyethylene (PE)/polypropylene (PP) alloys, but it will cause a greater increase in the PE‐b‐PP block copolymer fraction (named fraction D) than in the fraction of PP‐block‐PE in which the PP segments have low or medium isotacticity (named fraction A). Although changing ethylene monomer pressure could influence the ethylene content of PE/PP alloys slightly, it is an effective way of regulating the structural distribution. Reducing the monomer pressure will evidently increase fractions A and D. The mechanical properties of the alloys, including impact strength and flexural modulus, can be regulated in a broad range with changes in polymerization conditions. These properties are highly dependent on the amount, distribution, and chain structure of fractions A and D. The impact strength is affected by both fraction A and fraction D in a complicated way, whereas the flexural modulus is mainly determined by the amount of fraction A. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 2136–2143, 2006     

浙西开化桐村花岗斑岩地球化学特征及找矿潜力

通过对浙西开化桐村岩体野外剖面采样和地球化学研究,判断桐村岩体应属过铝质高钾钙碱系列花岗斑岩,通过稳定的稀土元素和微量元素来确定岩体的类型等特征。稀土配分模式与同熔型花岗斑岩（I型）一致,微量元素分布模式的特点是大离子亲石元素明显富集,具有明显Ta、Nb、P、Ti负异常,类似于“岛弧”环境的岩石特征,与斑岩型矿床母岩相比,不具有良好的找矿潜力。     

Oxide nanowires for solar cell applications

Oxide nanowire arrays were studied for their applications to solar cells. It was demonstrated that the nanowires could provide direct pathways for electron transport in dye-sensitized solar cells and therefore, while forming photoelectrode films, they offered better suppression of charge recombination than nanoparticles. However, the photoelectron films consisting of nanowires suffered a disadvantage in giving large surface area for dye adsorption. Such a shortcoming of nanowires had been exemplified in this paper illustrating that it could be well compensated by incorporating with nanoparticles to form a nanoparticle-nanowire array hybrid photoelectrode film. The oxide nanowires were also demonstrated to be able to enhance the performance of inverted structure polymer solar cells as a cathode buffer layer by establishing a large interface with the polymers so as to facilitate the transport of photogenerated electrons from the polymer to the electron collecting electrode. Such an enhancement effect could be further boosted while the nanowires were replaced with nanotubes; the latter may build up larger interface with the polymers than the former and therefore facilitates the electron transport more efficiently.     

WC-Co硬质合金的相转变

用高温 X射线衍射装置对低碳 WC- 2 0 Co合金混合料进行了从室温到130 0℃连续升温过程的动态相转变研究。结果表明 ,以低碳 WC粉为原料的 WC- Co系合金在真空烧结升温过程中是通过钨和碳原子的扩散作用消耗原料中的游离态钴和WC(90 0℃以下是 W2 C和单质钨 )进行的脱碳型不平衡相转变。除 90 0℃以下由原料中的 W2 C(和单质钨 )及游离态钴生成η1 相外 ,10 0 0℃以上升温过程中生成的高温相η化合物和金属间化合物与原料中固有的 W2 C(和单质钨 )含量无关 ,也与钴的同素异构相变无关。烧结降温期间高温相通过增碳作用平衡转变成游离态钴和 WC,室温合金中的η1 相含量完全取决于原料中 W2 C(和单质钨 )的含量     

球形件反复拉深成形工艺有限元模拟及试验

提出了球形件反复拉深成形工艺,对该工艺进行了有限元模拟与试验验证。与一次拉深成形工艺进行了对比分析,结果表明：凹模圆角区与法兰区应力状态及大小基本相同,但在球底区,反复拉深时径向应力和周向应力都远小于一次拉深的应力,球底区径向应力和周向应力基本为压应力或很小的拉应力;反复拉深时球底区厚度方向应变明显减小,一次拉深、二次反复拉深、三次反复拉深成形的制品最薄点减薄率分别为0.189、0.122、0.049,三次反复拉深可实现近等壁厚制品的拉深成形。该工艺与筒底冷校形工艺相结合,可实现近等壁厚深筒形零件的拉深成形。     

基于三维光栅扫描测量的全自动标定技术

介绍了目前基于三维光栅扫描测量标定技术的国内外发展状况,提出自由置位固定编码多目标跟踪提取连续图像轮廓的全自动标定技术,同时给出了此技术的具体算法实现。利用本文提出的全自动标定技术,得出了相应的实验结果,并将该实验结果与利用通用的MARR算法得到的结果对标定精度进行了比较、分析。最后,得出本文所提出的全自动标定技术不仅可以使操作更加便捷,而且能够很好地保证标定图像轮廓边缘的定位精度,同时使整个系统的标定精度保持在0·005~0·02mm范围内的结论。     

基于逆向工程的三维测量点云数据与CAD数模配准算法研究

提出了一种基于逆向工程的三维测量点云数据与CAD数模配准算法,该算法分两个步骤,即粗配准和精配准。粗配准采用主方向重合法来缩小三维测量点云数据与CAD数模的平移错位和旋转错位;精配准采用四元数法在粗配准的基础上使二者更为精准地重合在一起。该算法已通过VC＋＋代码进行实现,结果表明这种方法能较好地使二者配准。     

钢筋混凝土框架结构的力学性能研究

基于非线性梁柱单元模型,对柱顶作用垂直集中荷载和水平荷载的钢筋混凝土强柱弱梁门式框架进行了数值分析,研究了梁、柱的变形情况,框架的一阶、二阶非线性效应,柱顶垂直集中荷载对框架承载力、侧移的影响。得出：框架柱的侧移比梁挠度大很多,框架变形以柱侧移为主;垂直集中荷载对框架的水平极限承载力、侧移有明显影响;当有垂直集中荷载作用时,二阶非线性与一阶非线性分析结果比较,二者差异明显,表明几何非线性影响明显。     

施工总承包模式下的分包合同管理

随着工程建设中施工总承包模式的推行,总承包和分包商的合同纠纷日渐增多,对分包合同管理提出了的新的课题.结合工作实践阐述在合同准备阶段和执行阶段分包合同管理的内容、工作重点.