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51.
Functional and Sensory Properties of Meat Emulsions Produced by using Enzymatically Modified Gelatin
Mettwurst and Bologna sausage were produced from pork using enzymatically modified gelatin (EMG-8), which had been produced with covalent attachment of L-leucine n-octyl ester. EMG-8 improved spreadability, smoothness and softness of the Mettwurst. With the addition of EMG-8, the texture of the Bologna sausage was kept soft over a 1 to 7 day period of storage at 4°C or 2 to 4 weeks of storage at -20°C. Microscopic observation showed that fat globules in the Bologna sausage produced with EMG-8 were more homogeneously distributed than those in a control Bologna sausage. 相似文献
52.
Heat-induced aggregation of whole egg proteins through various treatment combinations ranging from 70–85°C, pH 2.0–9.0, and NaCl concentrations of 0–3%, was investigated using multiple regression analysis and vertical flat-sheet polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The importance of single variable was in the order of temperature, pH and NaCl concentration, and the combined variable of pH and NaCl had a highly significant (p<0.001) effect on soluble protein content. From the fractional and step-wise aggregation appearances of whole egg proteins in the electrophoretic patterns, the heat stability of main proteins was considered to increase as pH (pH>5) and NaCl concentration increased. 相似文献
53.
54.
YOSHIHIKO SUGIHARA TOSHIFUMI HONDA YUTA URANO MASAHIRO WATANABE SO NOGUCHI HAJIME IGARASHI 《Electronics and Communications in Japan》2015,98(6):36-43
Usually, wafer inspection is a two‐step process. The first step, which is very important, consists of detection of defects on the wafer. The second step classification of the detected defects, which is done after defect detection as necessary. Recently, it has become necessary to perform simultaneous detection and classification of wafer defects in order to reduce the wafer inspection time while maintaining high resolution of inspection. Optical wafer inspection is the most effective method for detecting and classifying defects and estimating their size in a short time. In this method, the scattered light distribution is compared with a database of previous scattered light distributions and pattern matching is used to classify defects and estimate their size. Therefore, to achieve optical wafer inspection based on scattered light distribution, it is necessary to gather scattered light distribution data for many samples of various kinds. The first aim of this study is to develop a defect classification and size estimation method utilizing the scattered light distribution. We propose a method of classifying defects on wafers and estimating their size. The proposed method is based on pattern matching utilizing a parametric eigenspace. The second aim of the paper is to validate the proposed method by applying it to scattered light distribution samples. The light scattering distribution samples were generated by discrete dipole approximation (DDA) simulation. A database of the light scattering distribution is easily created using the simulation. 相似文献
55.
Enthalpy of Denaturation and Surface Functional Properties of Heated Egg White Proteins in the Dry State 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
AKIO KATO HISHAM R. IBRAHIM HIROYUKI WATANABE KAZUO HONMA KUNIHIKO KOBAYASHI 《Journal of food science》1990,55(5):1280-1283
The enthalpy of denaturation (ΔH) and surface properties of proteins were related to elucidate the mechanisms of foaming and emulsifying properties by using various heated egg white proteins in the dry state. Foaming and emulsifying properties of all sample proteins were greatly increased with a decrease in the enthalpy of denaturation as determined by differential scanning calorimetry analysis. In plots, foaming and emulsifying properties correlated linearly with ΔH values for various dry-heated egg white proteins. Thus, the enthalpy of denaturation of proteins seemed to be a significant structural factor governing surface functional properties. 相似文献
56.
The osmium maceration method with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) enabled to demonstrate directly the three‐dimensional (3D) structure of membranous cell organelles. However, the polarity of the Golgi apparatus (that is, the cis–trans axis) can hardly be determined by SEM alone, because there is no appropriate immunocytochemical method for specific labelling of its cis‐ or trans‐faces. In the present study, we used the osmium impregnation method, which forms deposits of reduced osmium exclusively in the cis‐Golgi elements, for preparation of specimens for SEM. The newly developed procedure combining osmium impregnation with subsequent osmium maceration specifically visualised the cis‐elements of the Golgi apparatus, with osmium deposits that were clearly detected by backscattered electron‐mode SEM. Prolonged osmication by osmium impregnation (2% OsO4 solution at 40°C for 40 h) and osmium maceration (0.1% OsO4 solution at 20°C for 24 h) did not significantly impair the 3D ultrastructure of the membranous cell organelles, including the Golgi apparatus. This novel preparation method enabled us to determine the polarity of the Golgi apparatus with enough information about the surrounding 3D ultrastructure by SEM, and will contribute to our understanding of the global organisation of the entire Golgi apparatus in various differentiated cells. 相似文献
57.
Spinel LiCo0.09Mn1.91O3.92F0.08 as cathode material was modified with LiCoO2 by the sol-gel method, and the crystal structure, morphology and electrochemical performance were characterized with XRD, SEM, EDS, AAS and charge-discharge test in this paper. The results show that a good clad coated on parent material can be synthesized by the sol-gel method, and the materialswith modification have perfect spinel structure. LiCo0.09Mn1.91O3.92F0.08 materials coated by LiCoO2 improve the stability of crystal structure and decrease the dissolution of Mn into electrolyte. With the LiCoO2 content increasing, the specific capacity and cycle performance of samples are improved. The capacity loss is also suppressed distinctly even at 55 ℃. 相似文献
58.
T. TAKESHIMA T. TAKAHASHI J. YAMASHITA Y. OKADA S. WATANABE 《Journal of microscopy》2018,271(3):266-281
Multi‐emitter fitting algorithms have been developed to improve the temporal resolution of single‐molecule switching nanoscopy, but the molecular density range they can analyse is narrow and the computation required is intensive, significantly limiting their practical application. Here, we propose a computationally fast method, wedged template matching (WTM), an algorithm that uses a template matching technique to localise molecules at any overlapping molecular density from sparse to ultrahigh density with subdiffraction resolution. WTM achieves the localization of overlapping molecules at densities up to 600 molecules μm–2 with a high detection sensitivity and fast computational speed. WTM also shows localization precision comparable with that of DAOSTORM (an algorithm for high‐density super‐resolution microscopy), at densities up to 20 molecules μm–2, and better than DAOSTORM at higher molecular densities. The application of WTM to a high‐density biological sample image demonstrated that it resolved protein dynamics from live cell images with subdiffraction resolution and a temporal resolution of several hundred milliseconds or less through a significant reduction in the number of camera images required for a high‐density reconstruction. WTM algorithm is a computationally fast, multi‐emitter fitting algorithm that can analyse over a wide range of molecular densities. The algorithm is available through the website. https://doi.org/10.17632/bf3z6xpn5j.1 相似文献
59.
MASAHIRO WATANABE REIJI TAKAHASHI KATSUHIRO MATSUDA TOSHIYUKI SETO 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》2018,202(1):3-10
In this paper, a cooperative control algorithm for multiple step voltage regulator (SVR) using correlation of measurement data of distribution line is proposed. Conventionally, the control time constant of a SVR placed on the feeder end side was set slower than a SVR placed on the substation side. The unnecessary tap movement of SVR was reduced by this setting. In this case, on the condition that “the photovoltaic power generation output of the feeder end fluctuates” and “only SVR of the end side works”, it is a problem that control of SVR becomes slow. By the proposed method, the SVR settled in end side of a feeder can change its tap rapidly only if the SVR settled in sending side of a feeder will not change its tap by using proposed method. The features of the method are followings: (1) to estimate tap change possibility of the sending side SVR using correlation model of both of the SVR, (2) only use local measurement data of the SVRs for tap change control. By the proposed method, unnecessary tap change operation and lag of tap control are reduced without communication networks. 相似文献
60.