基于四羟甲基甘脲前驱体的新型含氮富微孔活性炭制备及其性能研究

以四羟甲基甘脲为碳前驱体,采用KOH活化法处理得到双电层电容器用多孔活性炭材料。考察了不同碳化、活化温度对活性炭比电容的影响。结果表明,在850℃碳化,650℃活化处理时其电容性能最好,SEM和比表面与孔径分布测试说明TA-850-650表面富集微孔;恒流充放电与循环伏安测试结果表明TA-850-650的比电容在电流密度为0.2A/g时可达527F/g。     

苯乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯-丙烯酸三元无皂乳液共聚

对苯乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯-丙烯酸三元无皂乳液聚合体系进行了研究,考察了聚合体系中丙烯酸用量、中和度和过硫酸钾引发剂用量等因素对乳液稳定性、单体转化率、乳胶粒径及其分布的影响,并对乳胶粒子的成核机理进行了探讨。实验结果表明,聚合体系中丙烯酸钠起反应型乳化剂的作用,在丙烯酸用量为单体总质量的10%、体系pH为5.6时,可制得稳定的乳液;在中和度一定的条件下,单体转化率随丙烯酸和过硫酸钾用量的增加而增大;体系以均相成核方式为主,乳胶粒子的分散系数小于1.03。     

Joint learning for single-image super-resolution via a coupled constraint

The neighbor-embedding (NE) algorithm for single-image super-resolution (SR) reconstruction assumes that the feature spaces of low-resolution (LR) and high-resolution (HR) patches are locally isometric. However, this is not true for SR because of one-to-many mappings between LR and HR patches. To overcome or at least to reduce the problem for NE-based SR reconstruction, we apply a joint learning technique to train two projection matrices simultaneously and to map the original LR and HR feature spaces onto a unified feature subspace. Subsequently, the k -nearest neighbor selection of the input LR image patches is conducted in the unified feature subspace to estimate the reconstruction weights. To handle a large number of samples, joint learning locally exploits a coupled constraint by linking the LR-HR counterparts together with the K-nearest grouping patch pairs. In order to refine further the initial SR estimate, we impose a global reconstruction constraint on the SR outcome based on the maximum a posteriori framework. Preliminary experiments suggest that the proposed algorithm outperforms NE-related baselines.     

Image super-resolution with sparse neighbor embedding

Until now, neighbor-embedding-based (NE) algorithms for super-resolution (SR) have carried out two independent processes to synthesize high-resolution (HR) image patches. In the first process, neighbor search is performed using the Euclidean distance metric, and in the second process, the optimal weights are determined by solving a constrained least squares problem. However, the separate processes are not optimal. In this paper, we propose a sparse neighbor selection scheme for SR reconstruction. We first predetermine a larger number of neighbors as potential candidates and develop an extended Robust-SL0 algorithm to simultaneously find the neighbors and to solve the reconstruction weights. Recognizing that the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) for reconstruction should have similar local geometric structures based on clustering, we employ a local statistical feature, namely histograms of oriented gradients (HoG) of low-resolution (LR) image patches, to perform such clustering. By conveying local structural information of HoG in the synthesis stage, the k-NN of each LR input patch is adaptively chosen from their associated subset, which significantly improves the speed of synthesizing the HR image while preserving the quality of reconstruction. Experimental results suggest that the proposed method can achieve competitive SR quality compared with other state-of-the-art baselines.     

低分辨人脸识别综述

全面综述了低分辨（Low-Resolution,LR）人脸识别技术的研究进展,并对相关亟需解决的关键问题进行了讨论。对LR人脸识别系统的概念、待解决问题、系统结构、已有不同识别方法进行了分类阐述。根据高、低分辨率人脸图像空间特征维度的不匹配问题,分别对基于重构超分辨（Super-Resolution,SR）图像和基于公共特征子空间两类LR人脸识别方法进行了详细介绍。对每类方法按照不同的实现过程,进一步划分为三种不同的类型分别介绍,并对每类方法模型的主要思想和核心问题进行了分析和讨论。简单介绍了九种标准人脸数据库,从识别性能、平均运行时间和多人脸库实验结果比较等方面对每类代表性方法进行了分析。对LR人脸识别技术在未来发展中需要解决的难点问题给予了展望。     

An Interface Engineered Multicolor Photodetector Based on n‐Si(111)/TiO2 Nanorod Array Heterojunction

A multicolor photodetector based on the heterojunction of n‐Si(111)/TiO₂ nanorod arrays responding to both ultraviolet (UV) and visible light is developed by utilizing interface engineering. The photodetector is fabricated via a consecutive process including chemical etching, magnetron sputtering, hydrothermal growth, and assembling. Under a small reverse bias (from 0 to ≈?2 V), only the photogenerated electrons in TiO₂ are possible to tunnel through the low barrier of ΔE_C, and the device only responses to UV light; as the reverse bias increases, the photogenerated holes in Si also begin to tunnel through the high barrier of ΔE_V. As a result, the device is demonstrated to have the capacity to detect both UV and visible lights, which is useful in the fields of rapid detection and multicolor imaging. It has been also observed that the crystal orientation of Si affects the characteristics of bias‐controlled spectral response of the n‐Si/TiO₂ heterojunctions.     

Robust sparse manifold discriminant analysis

Classical linear discriminant analysis (LDA) has been applied to machine learning and pattern recognition successfully, and many variants based on LDA are proposed. However, the traditional LDA has several disadvantages as follows: Firstly, since the features selected by feature selection have good interpretability, LDA has poor performance in feature selection. Secondly, there are many redundant features or noisy data in the original data, but LDA has poor robustness to noisy data and outliers. Lastly, LDA only utilizes the global discriminant information, without consideration for the local discriminant structure. In order to overcome the above problems, we present a robust sparse manifold discriminant analysis (RSMDA) method. In RSMDA, by introducing the L_2,1 norm, the most discriminant features can be selected for discriminant analysis. Meanwhile, the local manifold structure is used to capture the local discriminant information of the original data. Due to the introduction of L_2,1 constraints and local discriminant information, the proposed method has excellent robustness to noisy data and has the potential to perform better than other methods. A large number of experiments on different data sets have proved the good effectiveness of RSMDA.

     

VVER机组燃料破损导致放射性碘危害的评估与防护探讨

压水堆核电厂运行过程中可能发生燃料棒破损。燃料棒一旦破损,所包容的高水平放射性碘等裂变气体将释放至一回路,并可能进一步释放到厂房导致较高的空气污染,增加工作人员受到内照射的风险。对VVER机组燃料棒破损可能导致的碘危害进行了估算和分析,结果表明:即使1根燃料棒破损也可导致大修期间堆厂房放射性碘空气污染水平高达84DAC(derived air concentration)。结合电厂实践从一回路净化除碘、控制碘向厂房空气释放和扩散、空气净化和个人防护等方面探讨了放射性碘危害的控制和防护措施,并提出了后续应对类似情况的建议。