Efficiently Releasing the Trapped Energy Flow in White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with Multifunctional Nanofunnel Arrays

White organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) hold great promise for applications in displays and lighting due to high efficiency and superior white color balance. However, further improvement in efficiency remains a continuous and urgent demand due to limited energy flow extraction. A powerful method for drastically releasing the trapped energy flow in conventional white OLEDs is demonstrated by implementing unique quasi‐periodic subwavelength nanofunnel arrays (NFAs) via soft nanoimprinting lithography, which is ideal for enhancing light extraction without any spectral distortion or angular dependence. The resulting efficiency is over 2 times that of a conventional OLED used as a comparison. The external quantum efficiency and power efficiency are raised to 32.4% and 56.9 lm W^?1, respectively. Besides, the substantial increase in efficiency over a broad bandwidth with angular color stability, the experimental proofs show that the NFA‐based extraction structure affords the enticing capacity against scrubbing and the self‐cleaning feature, which are critical to the commercial viability in practical applications.     

铝合金激光-MIG复合焊接头性能研究

探讨了激光与电弧相互作用后,焊缝中心上部和下部晶粒大小不同的原因,在此基础上研究了焊接速度的改变对6009铝合金接头的微观组织、拉伸性能、显微硬度的影响。结果表明：6009铝合金激光-MIG焊焊接接头的抗拉强度和延伸率随着焊接速度的增加而增加,拉伸试样的断裂位置由焊缝区转移到热影响区,断口呈现均匀分布的韧窝形貌,断裂机制为微孔聚集形断裂;焊缝中心上部晶粒小于焊缝中心下部,而且尺寸分布均匀。焊缝中心上部的显微硬度则高于焊缝下部。接头热影响区存在软化区,宽度为4～6 mm。     

The impact of horizontal water velocity on the energy consumption of a full‐scale wastewater treatment plant

This study quantifies the impact of the oxidation ditch horizontal water velocity on the energy consumption of a full‐scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). A WWTP was modelled by means of the ASM2d platform, showing very good correlation with reference operational data. As to reduce the energy requirements of the plant while guarantying the same nutrient removal performance, two approaches were used. A classical aeration control optimization, yielding a 4% energy reduction, was compared with an increase of the oxidation ditch propelling power. The horizontal water velocity in the oxidation ditches was estimated at only 0.15 m/s. By increasing the horizontal water velocity to 0.3 m/s, an 8% energy reduction could be achieved. Moreover, a synergistic effect for classic control optimization and oxidation ditch water velocity optimization resulted in a 14% energy reduction. Energy spent in propelling power counteracts the aeration energy gain derived by an increase in the oxidation ditch horizontal velocity. An optimum in the water velocity was quantified at 0.3 m/s, comparably with its design value.     

磷石膏料浆专用阀设计

介绍了磷石膏料浆的生产过程及其工况特性,给出了磷石膏料浆专用阀的技术参数、工作原理、结构特点和设计方法。     

叶片抛光表面粗糙度与残余应力优化分析

为了改善发动机叶片的表面粗糙度与残余应力,以提高其工作寿命和机械性能,采用单因素实验结合表面微观形貌分析了各工艺参数对粗糙度与表面残余应力的影响规律;设计关于抛光后钛合金叶片表面粗糙度与残余应力的正交试验,结合单因素实验,分别建立粗糙度与残余应力预测模型,根据预测模型对粗糙度与残余应力进行敏感性分析并划分稳定域;通过灰色关联分析和等权关联分析建立优化模型;结合灵敏度分析所得的最终优选区间,对等权关联优化方法和灰色关联优化方法所得结果进行实验验证与对比分析,研究了两种优化方法所得工艺参数抛光叶片的残余应力随深度变化的规律.结果表明,采用灰色关联模型优化所得的最佳工艺参数对钛合金叶片进行抛光,在满足钛合金叶片抛光表面粗糙度要求的同时保留了较大的残余压应力,证明了该方法是可靠有效的.     

An environmental purpose artificial island off Belgium

Processing municipal and industrial wastes on land and particularly near inhabited centra has met with increased opposition. An apparent remedy to the problem is the establishment of such facilities offshore, hence various projects to build them on artificial islands. The paper examines a concrete proposal to locate such an island offshore from the Belgian Coast. Oceanographic and environmental aspects of the site are discussed, construction methods reviewed, erosion and corrosion effects looked at. The possibility of utilizing ocean power to provide the necessary operation energy is likewise considered.     

Degradation of emergent contaminants by UV,UV/H2O2 and neutral photo-Fenton at pilot scale in a domestic wastewater treatment plant

This study focuses on the removal of 22 selected micropollutants in an effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant (MWTP) at pilot scale. A reactor of 37 L with five low pressure mercury lamps emitting at 254 nm (UV₂₅₄) was used. The 22 micropollutants include 15 pharmaceuticals, 2 X-Ray contrast medias, 1 corrosion inhibitor and 4 biocides/pesticides. Five of these 22 compounds were used as indicative substances as proposed by the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) (carbamazepine, diclofenac, sulfamethoxazole, benzotriazole and mecoprop).     

Bacteroidales terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) for fecal source differentiation in comparison to and in combination with universal bacteria TRFLP

Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) is an attractive community analysis method for microbial source tracking (MST) because it is accessible, relatively inexpensive, and can discern multiple fecal sources simultaneously. A new Bacteroidales TRFLP (Bac-TRFLP) method was developed and its source identification performance was evaluated by itself, in comparison to, and in combination with an existing universal bacterial TRFLP method in two laboratories. Sixty-four blind samples from 12 fecal sources (sewage, septage, human, dog, horse, cow, deer, pig, chicken, goose, pigeon, and gull) were used for evaluation. Bac- and Univ-TRFLP exhibited similarly high overall correct identification (>88% and >89%, respectively), excellent specificity regardless of fecal sources, variable sensitivity depending on the source, and stable performance across two laboratories. Compared to Univ-TRFLP, Bac-TRFLP had better sensitivity and specificity with horse, cow, and pig fecal sources but was not suited for certain avian sources such as goose, gull, and pigeon. Combining the general and more targeted TRFLP methods (Univ&Bac-TRFLP) achieved higher overall correct identification (>92%), higher sensitivity and specificity metrics, and higher reproducibility between laboratories. Our results suggest that the Bac-TRFLP and Univ&Bac-TRFLP methods are promising additions to the MST toolbox and warrant further evaluation and utilization in field MST applications.