Recognition and Classification of Homogeneous Landscape With Visitor–Employed Photography and Cloud Image Annotation API—An Example of the Riverscape in Nihonbashi,Tokyo, Japan

Effective classification of landscape photographs is a vital step in data processing and environment analysis. With the popularity of crowdsourcing geo-information, an increasing number of studies have used geotagged photographs to visualize how people perceive and interact with destinations and explore the aesthetic, cultural, and recreational value of the areas. In recent years, machine-learning algorithms for image recognition have dramatically improved the efficiency of the assignment of keywords and provide possibilities for the automatic classification of numerous photographs. However, the applicability of such methods for the practical landscape classification is still not clear, especially for the photographs presenting a homogeneous landscape that has similar characteristics. This study developed a semi-automatic classifier for homogeneous landscape photographs by using Google Cloud Vision API and multi-level hierarchical clustering. The classifier was applied to the classification of urban riverscape photographs, which is a typical example of homogeneous landscapes in Nihonbashi, Tokyo, Japan. The riverscapes can be classified into 9 characteristic groups by the classifier and the visual impression of these groups matches well with our intuitive feeling. A confusion matrix showed that the overall accuracy was 82.61%, indicating a strong agreement between the classifier and manual classification. Therefore, the classifier is practical for classifying homogeneous riverscape photographs. Such methodology also provides the possibility of public participation in the assessing process, which, in turn, contributes to urban tourism management.     

Gamma-gamma大气湍流下自由空间光通信的性能

自由空间光通信在各种应用中得到了广泛关注,但大气湍流效应导致系统链路性能恶化.假设大气湍流信道是无记忆平稳遍历并且为加性高斯白噪声(AWGN),自由空间光通信系统采用开关键控(OOK)强度调制直接检测(ID/DD),研究了gamma-gamma大气湍流信道下自由空间光通信的性能.利用MeijerG函数推导出了自由空间光...     

Evaluation of the performance of osmotic dehydration sheets on freshness parameters in cold-stored beef biceps femoris muscle

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of osmotic dehydration sheet (ODS) packaging on the quality parameters of beef biceps femoris muscle samples stored at 4 °C for 0, 1, 3 and 7 days. Quality indices such as Hunter color values (L^∗, a^∗ and b^∗, the percentage of metmyoglobin (Met-Mb%), K value (freshness index), and the contents of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-related compounds (ARCs), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBA-RS) and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) were measured. ODS gave lower a^∗ and b^∗ values and lower Met-Mb% compared with control samples wrapped in polyvinylidene chloride film (PVDCF) (P < 0.01), but had no effect on L^∗ (P < 0.01). As a result, with higher levels of osmotic dehydration produced by the ODS, the percentage of weight loss and the total contents of ARCs and inosine monophosphate of the samples also increased (P < 0.05). The K values of ODS samples were also significantly lower than PVDCF-wrapped samples (P < 0.05). Low performance ODS wrapping reduced the TBA-RS values below those found with PVDCF and high performance ODS processing (P < 0.01). Moreover, the use of ODS had no effect on VBN values. Thus, although the bright red of beef samples changed to a dark purple color and the weights of samples decreased, the ODS approach has potential as a tool for decreasing the deterioration of other quality indices such as Met-Mb%, TBA-RS, ARCs, K values and the VBN content of cold-stored beef.     

自确认传感器技术研究

利用自确认传感器的功能框图,介绍了自确认传感器的工作原理,并且对自确认传感器和传统传感器进行了比较,给出了自确认传感器的优势,最后从传感器故障诊断和数据恢复,自确认传感器硬件开发和自确认传感器开发、研制三个方面介绍了自确认传感器的研究进展。     

GP-induced and explicit bloating of the seeds in incremental GP improves evolutionary success

The parsimony control in genetic programming (GP) is one of the limiting factors in the quick evolution of efficient solutions. A variety of parsimony pressure methods have been developed to address this issue. The effects of these methods on the efficiency of evolution are recognized to depend on the characteristics of the applied problem domain. On the other hand, the implications of using parsimony pressure in evolving the seeds for incremental genetic programming (IGP) are still poorly known and remain uninvestigated. In this work we present a study on the cumulative effect of the bloat and the seeding of the initial population on the efficiency of incremental evolution of simulated snake-like robot (Snakebot). In the proposed IGP, the task of coevolving the locomotion gaits and sensing of the bot in a challenging environment is decomposed into two sub-tasks, implemented as two consecutive evolutionary stages. First, to evolve the pools of sensorless Snakebots, we use GP featuring the following three bloat-control methods: (1) linear parametric parsimony pressure, (2) lexicographic parsimony pressure and (3) no bloat control. During the second stage of IGP, we use these pools to seed the initial population of Snakebots applying two methods of seeding: canonical seeding and seeding inspired by genetic transposition (GT).     

Thermal aging characteristics of insulation paper in mineral oil in overloaded operation of transformers

A sudden capacity increase in demand during the summer peak, or in contingencies such as malfunctioning transformers, may cause an overload in normal transformers. In this paper, on the basis of overloaded transformer operation in distribution substations, thermal aging testing in oil was carried out under various overload patterns, such as short‐term overload and long‐term overload, but with the winding insulation paper's lifespan loss kept constant. From the results, various characteristics, such as the mean degree of polymerization and production of furfural and (CO₂ +CO), and their effects on the lifespan loss of the insulation paper, were obtained. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 182(2): 1–8, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.21292     

Structural Change of Potato Starch Granules by Ball-mill Treatment

Molecular change of potato starch granule by ball-mill treatment was investigated. Starch granule still retained its whole figure after 320h, treatment, but its surface changed extremely rough. Water absorption activity extremely increased by 10h treatment. Amylase susceptivity of starch increased according to treatment time. X-ray diffraction pattern lost its peak and enthalpy on DSC decreased 70% after 20h treatment. Iodine color reaction value decreased 30% and λ max shifted hypso-chromic 15nm in the both cases of debranched and non-debranched samples after 20h treatment, and this indicates amylose was also degraded by the treatment. However, the peak of amylose decreased 10% and the peak of amylopectin decreased 10% on each GPC of branched and non-debranched samples after 20h treatment. GPC (Toyopearl HW-65) of 320h treated sample shows only one peak, but its debranched sample shows similar pattern to that of non-treated sample on HPAEC. ¹³C-solid state NMR spectra suggest that total disruption frequency is fairly low after long this treatment.