Improved walking economy in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease

The effect of exercise rehabilitation on the oxygen cost of ambulation in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) was evaluated with specific emphasis on the effects of exercise rehabilitation on the slow component of VO2. Because the slow component of VO2 represents an increase in VO2 despite constant-intensity exercise, it can profoundly affect the relative energy cost of exercise in individuals with a low functional capacity. Twenty-six patients with intermittent claudication performed treadmill walking at 2.0 mph/0% grade for 20 min or until maximal claudication pain before and after 4 months of rehabilitation. The slow component of VO2 during the treadmill test was defined as the difference between the end-exercise VO2 and the VO2 observed at minute 3. Ankle/brachial systolic pressure index (ABI) was measured before and immediately following the exercise test. Rehabilitation consisted of 3 d x wk(-1) of treadmill walking for 15-30 min at 60-70% of VO2peak. The slow component of VO2 and end-exercise VO2 at pretraining (0.75 +/- 0.90 and 11.12 +/- 2.10 mL x kg[-1] x min[-1]) were significantly reduced after 4 months of exercise rehabilitation (-0.07 +/- 1.11 and 10.07 +/- 1.80 mL x kg[-1] x min[-1]; P < 0.05). Exercise rehabilitation also significantly (P < 0.05) increased the post-exercise ABI (pre-rehabilitation = 0.36 +/- 0.26, post-rehabilitation = 0.43 +/- 0.25). These data suggest that 4 months of exercise rehabilitation: 1) improves walking economy in PAOD patients because of a decreased slow component of VO2, and 2) increases post-exercise ABI.     

工厂重现绿色

人们对于能源效率和环境问题越来越关心,所以自动化供应商和他们的客户们正努力使制造业成为最环保的一个行业。相信没有多少人会反对:美国和整个世界都在重现绿色。无论是通过提高能源效率、环境测评、安全及健康方面的努力,或者把所有的手段都集成起来,消费者和制造商确实都在努力给自己打上"绿色"的标签。     

Relationship between physical activity and HDL-cholesterol in healthy older men and women: a cross-sectional and exercise intervention study

Prolactin (PRL) is known to be expressed in the decidualized human endometrium and secreted into amniotic fluid. Although the site of synthesis of endometrial PRL is known to be the decidual cells, the difference in PRL gene expression within each area of decidua, i.e. decidua basalis, decidua parietalis and decidua capsularis, during pregnancy is not clear. We have applied an in situ hybridization histochemistry technique using a radiolabeled RNA probe to compare the difference in expression of PRL gene within each area of the decidualized endometrium. Specific hybridization signals were distributed over the decidual cells in early and term pregnancy. More intense hybridization signals were always detected in the tissues of early pregnancy than in those of term pregnancy. In the decidua capsularis of early pregnancy, labeled cells were concentrated close to the amniotic cavity, whereas cells were concentrated close to the maternal surface of the fetal membrane in term pregnancy. In the decidua parietalis, almost all decidual cells were labeled, but no specific labeling was seen in the endometrial glands or capillary endothelium in both groups. In the decidua basalis, most decidual cells showed hybridization signals whereas no hybridization signal was seen over the trophoblast cells. These results show that there are regional and periodic differences in PRL gene expression in the decidual cells during pregnancy.     

Predictors of age-associated decline in maximal aerobic capacity: a comparison of four statistical models

Studies assessing changes in maximal aerobic capacity (VO2 max) associated with aging have traditionally employed the ratio of VO2 max to body weight. Log-linear, ordinary least-squares, and weighted least-squares models may avoid some of the inherent weaknesses associated with the use of ratios. In this study we used four different methods to examine the age-associated decline in VO2 max in a cross-sectional sample of 276 healthy men, aged 45-80 yr. Sixty-one of the men were aerobically trained athletes, and the remainder were sedentary. The model that accounted for the largest proportion of variance was a weighted least-squares model that included age, fat-free mass, and an indicator variable denoting exercise training status. The model accounted for 66% of the variance in VO2 max and satisfied all the important general linear model assumptions. The other approaches failed to satisfy one or more of these assumptions. The results indicated that VO2 max declines at the same rate in athletic and sedentary men (0.24 l/min or 9%/decade) and that 35% of this decline (0.08 l . min-1 . decade-1) is due to the age-associated loss of fat-free mass.     

建立自动化与IT的协作团队

控制系统与信息系统专员正致力于组成团队,力求以新的方法优化生产。商业压力和枝术进步促成这种合作的产生与发展。