酯交换法合成碳酸二苯酯研究进展

对碳酸二苯酯合成用催化剂、合成工艺、反应装置等进行了综述。认为国内应加强酯交换法合成碳酸二苯酯的基础研究 ,尽快实现其产业化     

Water flux,DSC, and cytotoxicity characterization of membranes of cellulose acetate produced from sugar cane bagasse,using PEG 600

Summary In this article, cellulose acetate produced through the homogeneous acetylation of sugar cane bagasse cellulose was used to produce membranes, using poly(ethyleneglycol) 600 (PEG 600) as an admixture. The membranes were characterized using water flux measurements (Payne’s cup), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and neutral red uptake (cytotoxicity). The results showed that PEG 600 acts as a crystallinity inductor and/or pore former in the cellulose acetate matrix. The induction of crystallinity is important for this system since it had not been reported on the literature yet. The results also demonstrated that the studied membranes present a nontoxic behavior.     

莫来石纤维多孔陶瓷的制备与性能

对纤维多孔陶瓷的制备及性能进行了研究。在制备纤维多孔陶瓷时,采用酸性磷酸铝A23(P/Al原子比为2 3)作粘结剂,所制备的多孔陶瓷在各方面都具有优良的性能。如导热系数λ(22℃)为0.0529W/m.℃、热膨胀系数α为4.75×10-6/℃、孔隙率为96.22%、容重为0.1142 g/cm3等。在环保、节能领域具有广泛的应用前景和重要的社会及经济意义。     

Electrochemical cell current requirements for toxic organic waste destruction in Ce(IV)-mediated electrochemical oxidation process

The electrochemical cell for cerium oxidation and reactor for organic destruction are the most important operation units for the successful working mediated electrochemical oxidation (MEO) process. In this study, electrochemical cells with DSA electrodes of two types, single stack and double stack connected in series, were used. The performances towards the electrochemical generation of Ce(IV) in nitric acid media at 80 °C were studied. The current-voltage curves and cerium electrolysis kinetics showed the dependence on number of cell stacks needed to be connected in series for the destruction of a given quantity of organic pollutant. The presence of an optimum region for Ce(III) oxidation with a contribution of oxygen evolution, especially at low Ce(III) concentration (high conversion ratios), was found. The cells were applied for the Ce(IV) regeneration during the organic destruction. The cell and reactor processes were fitted in a simple model proposed and used to calculate the current needed in terms of Ce(III) oxidation rate and the number of cell stacks required for maintaining Ce(IV)/Ce(III) ratio at the same level during the organic destruction. This consideration was based on the kinetic model previously developed by us for the organic destruction in the MEO process.     

处理硝基苯类废水的Fenton催化氧化技术研究现状

硝基苯类化合物是高毒性物质,难以生物降解且对生化反应有抑制和毒害作用.因此,硝基苯对环境的污染问题越来越受到科学研究者的关注.目前,采用Fenton氧化技术降解硝基苯类化合物的机理和工艺研究越来越活跃.作者就近几年来国内外Fenton催化氧化技术降解硝基苯类废水的研究现状进行了综述.     

利用煤层气发展山西合成油工业探讨

介绍了国外利用天然气生产油口的生产工艺，探讨了山西省利用丰富的煤层气资源发展合成油的可能性和优势，并提出了相应的发展建议。     

Controlled coagulation of emulsion polymers

Coagulation of latex particles is most often carried out in the diffusion limited aggregation (DLA) regime where the time for coagulation to take place is on the millisecond timescale. This process produces aggregates of low density, irregular shape, and a broad particle size distributions. When the coagulation is carried out in the reaction limited aggregation (RLA) regime, a coagulation time of about 1–120 sec, the system can be controlled by mixing to yield dense, spheroidal aggregates with a very narrow particle size distribution. The important variables in the RLA process for butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate (BA/MMA) latexes were found to be mixing intensity, latex copolymer composition, and coagulation temperature. Dried aggregates formed in the RLA process were found to have excellent powder flow properties and low dustiness.     

有机玻璃的增韧研究

研究了不同聚合方法制备的聚丙烯酸丁酯（PBA）对浇铸型有机玻璃（PMMA）的增韧改性，研究结果表明，当PBA以纳米粒子簇分散在PMMA基体中时，对PMMA有较好的增韧改性效果。当PMMA中无皂乳液聚合PBA（e-PBA)的质量分数为0.5%时。改性PMMA的冲击强度比基体提高38%。SEM观察表明，本体聚合PBA（b-PBA)橡胶粒子以独特的纳米簇状结构均匀分布在PMMA基体中，大量的微裂纹以b-PBA粒子为中心呈放射状向外辐射，这些微裂纹在试样破坏的过程中吸收了大量的冲击能，使改性PMMA韧性得以提高。     

高转速、无稳心搅拌装置介绍

本文介绍了一种特殊的高转速、无稳心搅拌系统，具备简洁、高效、稳定、安全的特点，经使用证明，效果良好，性能可靠，为高速搅拌及无稳心反应釜的应用提供了一条新的设计及运用的途径。     

Oxidative stability of soybean oil fatty acid methyl esters by oil stability index (OSI)

Biodiesel, an alternative diesel fuel derived from transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fats, is composed of saturated and unsaturated long-chain FA alkyl esters. During long-term storage, oxidation caused by contact with air (autoxidation) presents a legitimate concern with respect to monitoring and maintaining fuel quality. Extensive oxidative degradation may compromise quality by adversely affecting kinematic viscosity, acid value, or PV. This work examines the oil stability index (OSI) as a parameter for monitoring the oxidative stability of soybean oil FAME (SME). SME samples from five separate sources and with varying storage and handling histories were analyzed for OSI at 60°C using an oxidative stability instrument. Results showed that OSI may be used to measure relative oxidative stability of SME samples as well as to differentiate between samples from different producers. Although addition of α-tocopherol or TBHQ increased OSI, responses to these antioxidants varied with respect to SME sample. Variations in response to added antioxidant were attributed to aging and other effects that may have caused oxidative degradation in samples prior to acquisition for this study. Results showed that OSI was more sensitive than iodine value in detecting the effects of oxidative degradation in its early stages when monitoring SME during storage.