MP3编码量化模块的改进

MP3是应用最广泛的一种音频格式,MP3解码芯片已发展成熟,却很少有实时编码器产品。这是因为MP3编码算法的运算量远大于解码算法,而量化模块在编码算法中占很大的比重(38．2％),为实现便携式设备的MP3实时编码,有必要对量化模块进行改进来降低运算复杂度。在分析了现有的一些改进方法后,提出了在外循环中限制量化频带以滤去高频信号,计算比例因子初值以减少循环次数;内层循环中计算量化因子初值后自适应调整步长的方法。在获得良好音频质量的同时将量化模块运算量减少到标准算法的6％,使得整个编码算法的运算量降低到标准算法的64％,配合简化声学心理模型和分析滤波器组快速算法,可在单片DSP或ARM上实现MP3实时编码。     

弹载雷达成像技术发展现状与趋势

弹载合成孔径雷达(SAR)可对观测区域进行二维高分辨率成像,获得丰富的地貌特征以及目标的尺寸、形状特征,进而选择打击点并提高打击精度和效率。与传统的机载/星载SAR成像体制相比,弹载SAR由于其探测距离远、大机动曲线突防和多平台协同作战的特点,给雷达成像技术带来了新的挑战：导弹末制导阶段处于二维甚至三维加速的大斜视工作模式,飞行轨迹与传统的SAR成像模式不同,这会带来距离方位的严重耦合,成像质量退化严重;在攻击飞行段,导弹的天线波束直接指向目标区域,弹载SAR将工作在前视状态,传统的SAR成像技术难以获取目标二维高分辨图像。针对弹载SAR存在的这些问题,该文立足弹载SAR作战需求,从曲线轨大斜视成像、前视成像和协同成像方面介绍了弹载雷达成像的关键技术和发展现状,展望未来弹载雷达成像技术的发展趋势。     

Nano-Engineered Carbon Fibre-Based Piezoelectric Smart Composites for Energy Harvesting and Self-Powered Sensing

The integration of piezoelectric materials onto carbon fiber (CF) can add energy harvesting and self-power sensing capabilities enabling great potential for “Internet of Things” (IoT) applications in motion tracking, environmental sensing, and personal portable electronics. Herein, a CF-based smart composite is developed by integrating piezoelectric poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)/CuSCN-coated ZnO nanorods onto the CF surfaces with no detrimental effect on the mechanical properties of the composite, forming composites using two different polymer matrices: highly flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and more rigid epoxy. The PDMS-coated piezoelectric smart composite can serve as an energy harvester and a self-powered sensor for detecting variations in impact acceleration with increasing output voltage from 1.4 to 7.6 V under impact acceleration from 0.1 to 0.4 m s⁻². Using epoxy as the matrix for a CF-reinforced plastic (CFRP) device with sensing and detection functions produces a voltage varying from 0.27 to 3.53 V when impacted at acceleration from 0.1 to 0.4 m s⁻², with a lower output compared to the PDMS-coated device attributed to the greater stiffness of the matrix. Finally, spatially sensitive detection is demonstrated by positioning two piezoelectric structures at different locations, which can identify the location as well as the level of the impacting force from the fabricated device.     

基于地理坐标系组网雷达目标速度转换方法研究

在组网雷达系统中,进行数据处理前,首先需要进行的是目标观察值的时间、空间同步,即将数据转换到统一坐标系中,同时外推到统一时刻。本文主要讨论了由于地球曲率影响带来的上报速度误差,提出了一种基于坐标转换,利用全微分矩阵进行上报速度的转换,消除该种误差。仿真结果表明,该改进算法较工程中应用的两点外推法,算法的计算量和复杂度得到了有效降低。     

基于GNSS-R的海面风速探测技术研究

该文利用数值仿真手段分析了全球导航卫星系统海面反射(GNSS-R)信号的时延相关功率曲线特征,讨论了风速、风向、GNSS卫星高度角、接收机平台高度和速度等因素对海面散射信号相关功率的影响,给出了GNSS-R海面风速的反演方法和技术流程,并进行了试验验证。结果表明,在中低风速条件(20 m/s)下,GNSS-R测量的海面风速与实测风速的基本一致,说明GNSS-R探测海面风速的可行性以及该文给出的海面风速反演方法的正确性。当风速超过20 m/s时,由于受海浪谱模型的限制,其反演的结果明显低于实测风速。最后,根据试验结果,初步给出了GNSS-R测量海面风速的修正模型。     

SiGe HBT传输电流模型研究

基于SiGe异质结双极晶体管(HBT)大信号等效电路模型,建立了SiGe HBT传输电流模型.重点考虑发射结能带的不连续对载流子输运产生的影响,通过求解流过发射结界面的载流子密度,建立了SiGe HBT传输电流模型.该模型物理意义清晰,拓扑结构简单.对该模型进行了模拟,模拟结果与文献报道的结果符合得较好.将该模型嵌入PSPICE软件中,实现了对SiGe HBT器件与电路的模拟分析,并对器件进行了直流分析,分析结果与文献报道的结果符合得较好.     

Fault Detection for Uncertain Fuzzy Systems Based on the Delta Operator Approach

This paper investigates the problem of designing a robust fault-detection for uncertain T-S fuzzy models based on the delta operator approach. By means of the T-S fuzzy delta operator systems, a fuzzy fault detection filter system is constructed via the delta operator approach. The worst case fault sensitivity has been formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities. The proposed fault-detection filter not only ensures the H _?-gain from a fault signal to a residual signal greater than a prescribed value, but also guarantees the H _∞-gain from an exogenous input to a residual signal less than a prescribed value in terms of the solvability of linear matrix inequalities. The linear matrix inequalities can be solved by an effective algorithm. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design techniques.     

基于施耐德PLC的交通灯远程控制系统设计

设计了一种带有行人请求功能的交通灯远程控制系统,阐述了基于施耐德可编程逻辑控制器（PLC） Modicon M340的软硬件实现方法,同时应用配套的开发软件完成PLC程序的编写,通过硬件调试,验证系统设计的正确性,与传统交通灯控制系统相比,稳定性和抗干扰能力都大幅提高.     

扫描隧道显微镜的新型实时图像处理系统

本文介绍了一种用于扫描隧道显微镜的实时图像处理系统。通过改变形态学运算，定义条件腐蚀、条件膨胀、开运算、闭运算、可滤除幅度大于特定值的噪声信息。选择适当的模板结构和门限阈值，这种改进的形态滤波器既保留了传统形态滤波器的优点，又克服了它的特点。     

TFT-AMLCD绝缘层a-SiNx∶H的制备

用等离子体化学气相沉积法(PECVD)在玻璃基板上淀积了厚度约1μm的非晶氮化硅(a-SiNx∶H)薄膜,在最佳工艺下得到薄膜的性能参数,折射率为1.8左右,光吸收系数为1.2×102～2×102cm-1,相对介电常数为7～8.4,电荷面密度为2.5×1012～3.1×1012cm-2.这种薄膜比较适合于用作薄膜晶体管-有源矩阵液晶显示器(TFT-AMLCD)的栅绝缘层.