A novel layered compound Al0.3V2O5·5H2O was successfully prepared and characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, Thermal analysis, scanning and transmission electron microscopes. The new layered Al0.3V2O5·5H2O has like-nanowires shape and the layered structure was stable until 400 °C. At higher temperature (500 °C), it decomposes to orthorhombic AlxV2O5 and triclinic AlVO4. 相似文献
This paper presents the design of a dual-band L1/L2 GPS receiver, that can be easily integrated in portable devices (mainly
GSM mobile phones). For the ease of integration with GSM wireless systems the receiver can tolerate most of the common GSM
crystals, besides the GPS crystals, this will eliminate the need to use another crystal on board. A new frequency plan is
presented to satisfy this requirement. A low-IF receiver architecture is used for dual-band operation with analog on-chip
image rejection. The receiver is composed of a narrow-band LNA for each band, dual down-conversion mixers, a variable-gain
channel filter, a 2-bit analog-to-digital converter, and a fully integrated frequency synthesizer including an on-chip VCO
and loop filter. The complex filter can accept IF frequency variation of 10% around 4.092 MHz which allows the use of the
commonly used 10/13/26 MHz GSM crystals and all the GPS crystals. The synthesizer generates the LO signals for both L1/L2
bands with an average phase noise of −95 dBc/Hz. The receiver exhibits maximum gain of 112 and 115 dB, noise figures of 4
and 3.6 dB, and input compression points of −76 and −79 dBm for L1 and L2, respectively. An on-chip variable-gain channel
filter provides IF image rejection greater than 25 dB and gain control range over 80 dB. The receiver is designed in 0.13 μm
CMOS technology and consumes 18 mW from a 1.2-V supply. 相似文献
The aim of this work was to investigate cold-pressed rosemary oil (RO) for its lipid classes, subclasses, fatty acid composition, tocochromanols and total phenolics amount. Antiradical activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH?) and galvinoxyl radicals, antioxidant activity, as measured by the Rancimat test, as well as antimicrobial activity against food-borne bacteria, and dermatophytic fungi of RO were evaluated. In RO, the amount of neutral lipids was highest (ca. 86%), followed by phospholipids (0.92%) and glycolipids (0.88%). The percentages of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and saturated fatty acids were 41.7, 42.3, and 15.8%, respectively. Linoleic acid (41.7%) and oleic acid (41.2%) were the major fatty acids while linolenic acid accounted for 1.3% of total fatty acids. The following tocochromanols were detected: α-, β-, γ- and δ-tocopherols, which accounted for 291, 22, 1145, and 41 mg/100 g oil, respectively, as well as α-, β-, γ- and δ-tocotrienols, which accounted for 18, 12, 29, and 158 mg/100 g oil, respectively. RO also contained high levels of phenolic compounds (7.2 mg GAE/g). After 60 min of reaction with free radicals, 67% of DPPH? and 55% of galvinoxyl radicals were quenched by RO. Rancimat test showed that blending RO with sunflower oil increased the induction period (IP) for blends. The IP of the RO: sunflower oil blend (1:9, v/v) was 390 min, and RO: sunflower oil blend (2:8, v/v) was longer (540 min). RO exhibited high antimicrobial potential against food-borne pathogenic bacteria (E. coli, S. enteritidis, and L. monocytogenes) and high antifungal potential against dermatophyte fungi (T. mentagrophytes, and T. rubrum). RO had unique high level of γ-tocopherol, which is a scavenger of reactive nitrogen species making it a promising material in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. 相似文献
Abstract—In this article, a method based on the application of the discrete wavelet transform to the instantaneous reactive power signal, for diagnosing the occurrence of broken rotor bars in induction motors operating under time-varying load conditions, is presented. This method is based on the decomposition of the instantaneous reactive power signal, from which wavelet approximation and detail coefficients are extracted. The energy evaluation of known bandwidths permits to de?ne a fault severity factor. This method has been tested through the simulation of an induction motor using a mathematical model based on the winding-function approach. These simulation results are complemented by experimental tests conducted on an induction motor with several faulty rotors that can be interchanged and both simulation and experimental results have shown the effectiveness of the proposed method for broken rotor bars diagnosis in induction motors even under time-varying load conditions. 相似文献
A new low molecular weight (LMW) serine-protease from sardinelle (Sardinella aurita) viscera was purified using ammonium sulphate precipitation and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration, with a 3.82-fold increase in specific activity. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 14.2 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The optimum pH and temperature for the enzyme activity were around pH 8.0 and 60 °C, respectively. The purified protease was strongly inhibited by phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride, a serine-protease inhibitor, and soybean trypsin inhibitor. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the first 10 amino acids of the purified protease was APVQPCVVVI. This sequence showed low homology with several peptidases, suggesting that the enzyme is a new protease. Interestingly, the protease was found to cleave collagen type I and hydrolyze succinyl-L-Ala-L-Ala-L-Pro-L-Phe-p-nitroanilide (sAAPFpna), an amide substrate of chymotrypsin. Our findings indicate that the S. aurita protease is a new LMW enzyme with collagenolytic activity. 相似文献
Flow and heat transfer in biological tissues are analyzed in this investigation. Pertinent works are reviewed in order to show how transport theories in porous media advance the progress in biology. The main concepts studied in this review are transport in porous media using mass diffusion and different convective flow models such as Darcy and the Brinkman models. Energy transport in tissues is also analyzed. Progress in development of the bioheat equation (heat transfer equation in biological tissues) and evaluation of the applications associated with the bioheat equation are analyzed. Prominent examples of diffusive applications and momentum transport by convection are discussed in this work. The theory of porous media for heat transfer in biological tissues is found to be most appropriate since it contains fewer assumptions as compared to different bioheat models. A concept that is related to flow instabilities caused by swimming of microorganisms is also discussed. This concept named bioconvection is different from blood convection inside vessels. The works that consider the possibility of reducing these flow instabilities using porous media are reviewed. 相似文献
The main goal of this study is to apply a scientific quantitative approach to the investigation of contextual fit. This is
approached mathematically within the framework of cognitive science and research on categorization and prototypes. Two experiments
investigated two leading mathematical-cognitive approaches for explaining people’s judgment of contextual fit of a new building
with an architectural/urban context: prototype approach and feature frequency approach. The basic concept is that people represent
the built environment via architectural prototypes and/or frequencies of encountered architectural features. In the first
experiment, a group of twelve participants performed rank order tasks on artificially created architectural patterns, for
the purpose of psychological scaling. Perceptual distances among all patterns were mathematically determined. In the second
experiment, three groups of architectural patterns were constructed to represent assumed architectural contexts. The prototype
of each context was mathematically determined according to prototype cognitive model, and based on the distances calculated
in the first experiment. Fifty-six students participated in the main experiment, in which they rank ordered a group of fifteen
architectural patterns in terms of contextual fit to each of the three architectural contexts. Participants’ rank order data
of the fifteen patterns were regressed on both the perceptual distances from prototypes, and numbers of features shared with
each architectural context. Results indicated that both prototype and feature frequency approaches significantly accounted
for important portions of participants’ judgments. However, participants tended to prefer one approach to the other according
to context composition. Results have implications for both research on utilizing cognitive-mathematical models in architectural
research and on urban design guidelines and control. 相似文献
Automated techniques for Arabic content recognition are at a beginning period contrasted with their partners for the Latin and Chinese contents recognition. There is a bulk of handwritten Arabic archives available in libraries, data centers, historical centers, and workplaces. Digitization of these documents facilitates (1) to preserve and transfer the country’s history electronically, (2) to save the physical storage space, (3) to proper handling of the documents, and (4) to enhance the retrieval of information through the Internet and other mediums. Arabic handwritten character recognition (AHCR) systems face several challenges including the unlimited variations in human handwriting and the leakage of large and public databases. In the current study, the segmentation and recognition phases are addressed. The text segmentation challenges and a set of solutions for each challenge are presented. The convolutional neural network (CNN), deep learning approach, is used in the recognition phase. The usage of CNN leads to significant improvements across different machine learning classification algorithms. It facilitates the automatic feature extraction of images. 14 different native CNN architectures are proposed after a set of try-and-error trials. They are trained and tested on the HMBD database that contains 54,115 of the handwritten Arabic characters. Experiments are performed on the native CNN architectures and the best-reported testing accuracy is 91.96%. A transfer learning (TF) and genetic algorithm (GA) approach named “HMB-AHCR-DLGA” is suggested to optimize the training parameters and hyperparameters in the recognition phase. The pre-trained CNN models (VGG16, VGG19, and MobileNetV2) are used in the later approach. Five optimization experiments are performed and the best combinations are reported. The highest reported testing accuracy is 92.88%.
Multimedia Tools and Applications - Automatic Emotion Speech Recognition (ESR) is considered as an active research field in the Human-Computer Interface (HCI). Typically, the ESR system is... 相似文献