火炮多柔体动力学结构优化研究

针对现有动力学优化方法很难对多体系统中的柔性体进行结构优化的问题,提出结合多学科代理模型法和改进的非支配排序遗传算法的多柔体动力学优化方法。以火炮炮口振动参数为输出,柔体模态参数和部分火炮总体参数为输入,在已验证的多体刚柔耦合模型的基础上,采用径向基函数-反向传播神经网络建立了具有良好泛化能力和预测精度的代理模型。利用改进的非支配排序遗传算法对各炮口振动参数进行动力学优化,采用max-min准则从优化得到的Pareto最优解集中优选出一个较为兼顾各优化目标的解,与原模型结果对比,优化效果明显。该方法能用于火炮多柔体动力学结构优化,也为火炮总体结构设计和相关优化提供了一定的参考。     

微纳结构铝热剂薄膜的旋涂制备及其燃烧性能

为了解决微机电火工品内药剂的快速密实装填的问题,采用旋涂技术制备出厚度可控的微纳结构铝热剂薄膜。利用扫描电镜结果对比得出氟橡胶最小使用量为7%;使用热流法检测了铝热剂薄膜的热物理性能并用高速摄像机记录了薄膜的燃烧过程,得到Al/MoO₃/氟橡胶薄膜的导热系数为75 W/（m·K）,燃烧速率为30.6 m/s,在添加还原氧化石墨烯后, Al/MoO₃/氟橡胶/还原氧化石墨烯薄膜的导热系数增至126 W/（m·K）, 燃烧速率高达867.9 m/s. 采用金属桥带进行发火试验,结果证实微纳结构铝热剂薄膜的临界发火电流低于Zr/KClO₄点火药。添加还原氧化石墨烯能改善铝热剂的燃烧性能和发火性能,更利于铝热剂作为点火药应用。     

液体运载火箭启动过程气枕压力变化分析

以氦气瓶贮气闭式控制增压系统启动过程气枕压力变化规律为研究对象,讨论了增压系统响应时间、不同初始气枕容积、不同发动机流量启动加速性对启动过程气枕最小压力的影响。分析结果表明:对于大中型液体运载火箭,如能有效控制增压系统响应时间,使用较小的初始气枕容积即可保证启动过程发动机入口压力要求及贮箱载荷条件要求,可有效提高箭体结构效率。     

基于dSPACE的无人机电动舵机故障检测

传统的舵机故障检测通常基于舵机参数已知,但实际中大多数舵机的内部参数是未知的.文中采用搭建故障观测器的思路,提出了一种基于子空间辨识的卡尔曼滤波故障检测方法;借助于dSPACE半实物仿真工具,搭建了电动舵机故障检测半实物仿真平台,实现了未知参数电动舵机的在线故障检测和快速故障分析.实验表明,该方法不但能有效检测故障发生时间,而且能快速辩识故障类型和程度,为无人机舵机故障快速检测的工程化应用提供了一种解决方案.     

浇注PBX炸药的准静态压缩力学性能

利用材料实验机进行了PBX-1炸药准静态压缩实验,获得PBX-1炸药真应力——应变曲线和表观应力——应变曲线,分析了应变速率和温度对炸药力学性能的影响。结果表明:与表观应力——应变曲线相比,真应力——应变曲线所测的抗压强度值下降了0.09MPa,屈服应变也降低了0.8%,ε=7%时压缩模量降低了1.0MPa。PBX-1炸药的抗压强度随着应变速率增加而增高,随温度的增高而降低;屈服应变并没有随应变速率和温度发生变化。PBX-1炸药在71℃固化75d内,抗压强度没有随时间降低。     

基于GPS精确制导信息的"天地环境差"研究

结合某惯性制导运载体实际飞行弹道参数GPS解读值和遥测参数值,完整推导了地面静态标定误差系数和实际飞行惯性测量误差系数差异,为惯性制导系统的"天地环境差"研究奠定了基础.     

Tunable Emission in Heteroepitaxial Ln‐SURMOFs

By using a layer‐by‐layer (LbL) approach, lanthanide‐based, monolithic metal–organic framework (MOF) thin films are fabricated for optical applications. In particular, the LbL approach allows manufacturing of heteroepitaxial Tb(III)‐Eu(III)(BTC) coatings with precise thickness control. Adjusting the Tb(III)‐to‐Eu(III) ratio allows tuning of the emission color. The hetero‐multilayer architecture makes it possible to suppress the direct Tb(III)‐to‐Eu(III) energy transfer, an unwanted phenomenon present in the corresponding mixed‐metal bulk MOF structures. The resulting Ln‐MOF thin films, or Ln‐surface‐anchored MOFs (SURMOFs), are characterized by X‐ray diffraction, infra‐red reflection absorption spectroscopy, UV–vis, and photoluminescence measurements. The results demonstrate that the heteroepitaxial SURMOF architectures carry huge potential for fabricating optical coatings for a wide range of applications.     

Strain‐Visualization with Ultrasensitive Nanoscale Crack‐Based Sensor Assembled with Hierarchical Thermochromic Membrane

As eidetic signal recognition has become important, displaying mechanical signals visually has imposed huge demands for simple readability and without complex signal processing. Such visualization of mechanical signals is used in delicate urgent medical or safety‐related industries. Accordingly, chromic materials are considered to facilitate visualization with multiple colors and simple process. However, the response and recovery time is very long, such that rapid regular signals are unable to be detected, i.e., physiological signals, such as respiration. Here, the simple visualization of low strain ≈2%, with ultrasensitive crack‐based strain sensors with a hierarchical thermochromic layer is suggested. The sensor shows a gradient color change from red to white color in each strain, which is attributed to the hierarchical property, and the thermal response (recovery) time is dramatically minimized within 0.6 s from 45 to 37 °C, as the hierarchical membrane is inspired by termite mounds for efficient thermal management. The fast recovery property can be taken advantage of in medical fields, such as monitoring regular respiration, and the color changes can be delicately monitored with high accuracy by software on a mobile phone.     

LTE‐based satellite communications in LEO mega‐constellations

The integration of satellite and terrestrial networks is a promising solution for extending broadband coverage to areas not connected to a terrestrial infrastructure, as also demonstrated by recent commercial and standardisation endeavours. However, the large delays and Doppler shifts over the satellite channel pose severe technical challenges to traditional terrestrial systems, as long‐term evolution (LTE) or 5G. In this paper, 2 architectures are proposed for a low Earth orbit mega‐constellation realising a satellite‐enabled LTE system, in which the on‐ground LTE entity is either an eNB (Sat‐eNB) or a relay node (Sat‐RN). The impact of satellite channel impairments as large delays and Doppler shifts on LTE PHY/MAC procedures is discussed and assessed. The proposed analysis shows that, while carrier spacings, random access and RN attach procedures do not pose specific issues and hybrid automatic repeat request requires substantial modifications. Moreover, advanced handover procedures will be also required due to the satellites' movement.     

Tunnel lane‐positioning system for autonomous driving cars using LED chromaticity and fuzzy logic system

Currently, studies on autonomous driving are being actively conducted. Vehicle positioning techniques are very important in the autonomous driving area. Currently, the global positioning system (GPS) is the most widely used technology for vehicle positioning. Although technologies such as the inertial navigation system and vision are used in combination with GPS to enhance precision, there is a limitation in measuring the lane and position in shaded areas of GPS, like tunnels. To solve such problems, this paper presents the use of LED lighting for position estimation in GPS shadow areas. This paper presents simulations in the environment of three‐lane tunnels with LEDs of different color temperatures, and the results show that position estimation is possible by the analyzing chromaticity of LED lights. To improve the precision of positioning, a fuzzy logic system is added to the location function in the literature [1]. The experimental results showed that the average error was 0.0619 cm, and verify that the performance of developed position estimation system is viable compared with previous works.