Microstructures and mechanical properties of B4C-TiB2-SiC composites fabricated by ball milling and hot pressing

B₄C-TiB₂-SiC composites were fabricated via hot pressing using ball milled B₄C, TiB₂, and SiC powder mixtures as the starting materials. The impact of ball milling on the densification behaviors, mechanical properties, and microstructures of the ceramic composites were investigated. The results showed that the refinement of the powder mixtures and the removal of the oxide impurities played an important role in the improvement of densification and properties. Moreover, the formation of the liquid phases during the sintering was deemed beneficial for densification. The typical values of relative density, hardness, bending strength, and fracture toughness of the composites reached 99.20%, 32.84?GPa, 858?MPa and 8.21?MPa?m^1/2, respectively. Crack deflection, crack bridging, crack branching, and microcracking were considered to be the potential toughening mechanisms in the composites. Furthermore, numerous nano-sized intergranular/intragranular phases and twin structures were observed in the B₄C-TiB₂-SiC composite.     

关于当前钢材市场形势的看法

从今年3月初以来,钢材市场行情呈现明显恢复性上扬态势。据中国钢铁工业协会财务资产部和冶金价格信息中心发布的钢材价格指数,5月15日-5月19日板材平均已恢复到110.34点,比去年末上升17.92点,价格恢复性上涨19.38%,但比去年5月份的146.1点仍低24.5%;长材价格指数略有同升,在94.37点,比去年末只回升3.56点,价格只恢复性上涨3.92%,比去年5月份的102.19点仍低7.65。掘国家统计局数据,一季度全国规模以上工业企业销售收入同比增长25.3%,实现利润同比增长21.3%,但钢铁企业由于去年下半年价格大幅度下降,今年一季度钢协会员企业(钢产量占全国81.8%)销售收入同比下降5.18%,实现利润同比下降     

辐射型漏泄同轴电缆的设计

总结了漏泄同轴电缆的理论研究现状。围绕使用频带和耦合损耗这两个重要电气参数，讨论辐射型漏泄同轴电缆的设计方法。基于周期性槽孔结构的空间谐波的分析，讨论了抑制高次谐波以拓展使用频带的方法。利用时域有限差分方法和Matlab软件计算耦合损耗。     

WC/Cu复合材料制备及其高温性能

用机械合金化法结合冷变形，制备了WC／Cu复合材料，研究了冷变形后复合材料的组织特征和高温退火时韵性能变化。结果表明：烧结后的材料经冷变形，组织呈显著纤维状，WC颗粒弥散分布，密度明显提高，达到理论密度的99．2％；复合材料经600～900℃高温退火，强度和硬度略有下降，塑性则有大幅提高；900℃退火时未发生明显的再结晶，界面结合良好；所制备的WC／Cu复合材料有优良的综合性能。     

Quantitative pharmacophore models with inductive logic programming

Three-dimensional models, or pharmacophores, describing Euclidean constraints on the location on small molecules of functional groups (like hydrophobic groups, hydrogen acceptors and donors, etc.), are often used in drug design to describe the medicinal activity of potential drugs (or ‘ligands’). This medicinal activity is produced by interaction of the functional groups on the ligand with a binding site on a target protein. In identifying structure-activity relations of this kind there are three principal issues: (1) It is often difficult to “align” the ligands in order to identify common structural properties that may be responsible for activity; (2) Ligands in solution can adopt different shapes (or `conformations’) arising from torsional rotations about bonds. The 3-D molecular substructure is typically sought on one or more low-energy conformers; and (3) Pharmacophore models must, ideally, predict medicinal activity on some quantitative scale. It has been shown that the logical representation adopted by Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) naturally resolves many of the difficulties associated with the alignment and multi-conformation issues. However, the predictions of models constructed by ILP have hitherto only been nominal, predicting medicinal activity to be present or absent. In this paper, we investigate the construction of two kinds of quantitative pharmacophoric models with ILP: (a) Models that predict the probability that a ligand is “active”; and (b) Models that predict the actual medicinal activity of a ligand. Quantitative predictions are obtained by the utilising the following statistical procedures as background knowledge: logistic regression and naive Bayes, for probability prediction; linear and kernel regression, for activity prediction. The multi-conformation issue and, more generally, the relational representation used by ILP results in some special difficulties in the use of any statistical procedure. We present the principal issues and some solutions. Specifically, using data on the inhibition of the protease Thermolysin, we demonstrate that it is possible for an ILP program to construct good quantitative structure-activity models. We also comment on the relationship of this work to other recent developments in statistical relational learning. Editors: Tamás Horváth and Akihiro Yamamoto     

陆东凹陷油气藏烃类组成非均质性及其意义

陆东凹陷原油和油砂抽提物中烃类的宏观组成存在着明显的非均质性。在高孔隙度(>15%)储层单元中,饱和烃的含量高,占总组成的含量均大于40%,而极性化合物则相对较低,一般不足40%;相反,在低孔隙度(<15%)储层单元中,饱和烃的含量明显降低,而极性化合物则显著增加。此外,陆东凹陷原油和油砂抽提物中烃类成熟度亦存在着非均质性:在高孔隙度储层中,原油和油砂烃类的成熟度参数高,而在低孔隙度储层中原油和油砂烃类的成熟度参数低。根据原油和油砂抽提物中烃类的宏观组成特征和成熟度参数的变化规律,提出了陆东凹陷油气聚集模式。     

Hydrogen annealing effect on DC and low-frequency noise characteristics in CMOS FinFETs

The hydrogen annealing process has been used to improve surface roughness of the Si-fin in CMOS FinFETs for the first time. Hydrogen annealing was performed after Si-fin etch and before gate oxidation. As a result, increased saturation current with a lowered threshold voltage and a decreased low-frequency noise level over the entire range of drain current have been attained. The low-frequency noise characteristics indicate that the oxide trap density is reduced by a factor of 3 due to annealing. These results suggest that hydrogen annealing is very effective for improving device performance and for attaining a high-quality surface of the etched Si-fin.     

义东油田大81-4块咸化湖泊生物礁储集层特征

义东油田位于济阳坳陷沾化凹陷义东断裂带，该油田大81—4块沙四段成化湖泊生物礁复合体自下而上可分为5个小型礁体(2个藻礁，3个藻礁丘体)。根据岩心观察、镜下鉴定和钻井等资料，主要有3种岩石类型：白云岩类是下部藻礁的主体，灰岩类是礁丘相的主体，其它岩类(主要为碎屑岩类和盐岩)分布局限；储集空间主要有7种类型(粒间孔隙、粒内孔隙、铸模孔隙、生长骨架孔隙、角砾间孔隙、晶间孔隙和构造裂缝）。该生物礁复合体位于凸起边缘的断阶带平台，发育于有陆源碎屑供给的半清水水域，紧邻深水区。礁体形成后经历了深埋藏成岩期，对储集空间演化影响最大的成岩作用是白云石化作用、溶解作用、新生变形作用和胶结作用。预测大81—221井区及附近的2个枝管藻白云岩礁体为最有利的勘探目标，义东22井附近生物礁也有良好的勘探前景。     

Dual command travel times and miniload system throughput with turnover-based storage

We analyze travel times for automated storage/retrieval systems. In particular, we apply our travel time model to turnover-based storage systems and determine the mean and variance of dual command travel times. We present detailed numerical results for selected rack shape factors and ABC inventory profiles. We then investigate the effect of alternative rack configurations on travel time performance measures. We also show how to determine the throughput of miniload systems with turnover-based storage and exponentially distributed pick times.