Multiorgan dysfunction and disseminated intravascular coagulation in children receiving lamotrigine and valproic acid

Two children developed multiorgan dysfunction with disseminated intravascular coagulation 9 days after lamotrigine was added to their antiepileptic therapy, which included valproic acid. During the episodes, rhabdomyolysis was detected in one of them, while being seizure-free, suggesting that this adverse reaction may involve muscular tissue.     

Compliance with cyclosporine in adolescent renal transplant recipients

The percentage of non-tasters for phenylthiocarbamide in 915 Japanese students was 9.4%. The thresholds of the edge and back of the tongue to quinine hydrochloride were significantly smaller in the non-tasters than in the tasters. The thresholds of any tongue portions to NaCl, acetic acid or sucrose did not differ between the tasters and the non-tasters.     

Compact, broadband, polarisation-insensitive 3 dB optical powersplitter on InP

The authors have demonstrated a compact (70 μm free-space radiation length), potentially robust, broadband (1.53-1.56 μm), polarisation-insensitive 3 dB optical power splitter based on InP using free-space radiative input-output coupling. This passive, 3 dB splitter is compatible with photonic integrated circuits     

A bi-directional transceiver PIC for ping-pong local loop configurations operating at 1.3-/spl mu/m wavelength

We propose and demonstrate a simple, potentially low-cost, photonic integrated circuit that can operate as a transceiver in a ping-pong optical data-link configuration. The device is designed for uncooled operation, with a gain section, a detector, and a beam expander inside a Fabry-Perot cavity. The detector has a 1.4 /spl mu/m quaternary layer with a broad spectral responsivity range extending to 33 nm higher than the lasing wavelength of the device. The transmitter can provide 8 dBm inside a single-mode fiber, and the beam expander relaxes the alignment tolerance to a single-mode fiber.     

Electro-optic sampling of fast electrical signals using an InGaAsP injection laser

We demonstrate a new electro-optic sampling system for the measurements of fast electrical waveforms at gigahertz repetition rates. The system uses a mode-locked InGaAsP injection laser as a source of sampling pulses and employs the electro-optic effect in the GaAs substrate of a microstrip line.     

Nanometer wavelength conversion of picosecond-optical pulses usingcavity-enhanced highly nondegenerate four-wave mixing in semiconductorlasers

We demonstrate 5.0-nm wavelength conversion of a mode-locked optical pulse train by cavity-enhanced highly nondegenerate four-wave mixing in a 1.53-μm injection-locked bulk InGaAsP V-groove laser. Input pulses having 17 ps duration are broadened to 61 ps due to the filtering imposed by the mixing laser. A simple two-mode rate equation model of an injection-locked semiconductor laser is used to explain the dependence of the output pulse broadening on bias current and injected pump power. The temporal response is improved by decreasing the laser bias current or increasing the injected pump power     

Electrorefraction in GaInAs/InP multiple quantum wellheterostructures

Reports the first absolute measurement of electric-field-induced changes in refractive index in GaInAs quantum well heterostructures. Even for wavelengths as far as 40 meV below the absorption edge, excitonic effects dominate electro-optic phase modulation. This effect close to resonance yields index changes two orders of magnitude larger than in bulk material. The authors find that the size of the index change, its dependence on applied voltage, and its behaviour with wavelength are well described in terms of the quantum confined Stark effect on excitonic absorption     

Tensile-strained InGaAs/InGaAsP quantum-well optical amplifierswith a wide spectral gain region at 1.55 μm

A tensile-strained InGaAsP/InP multi-quantum-well optical amplifier is constructed which has ⩾92 nm bandwidth at 16-dB gain for 50-mA drive current. The wide gain bandwidth is a result of both n=1 and n=2 contributions from the e→1 h transition. These results suggest wide tunability for lasers made from this material