Properties and crystallization kinetics of poly(ether ether ketone)‐co‐poly(ether ether ketone ketone) block copolymers

A series of block copolymers composed of poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) and poly(ether ether ketone ketone) (PEEKK) components were prepared from their corresponding oligomers via a nucleophlilic aromatic substitution reaction. Various properties of the copolymers were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and a tensile testing machine. The results show that the copolymers exhibited no phase separation and that the relationship between the glass‐transition temperature (T_g) and the compositions of the copolymers approximately followed the formula T_g = T_g1X₁ + T_g2X₂, where T_g1 and T_g2 are the glass‐transition‐temperature values of PEEK and PEEKK, respectively, and X₁ and X₂ are the corresponding molar fractions of the PEEK and PEEKK segments in the copolymers, respectively. These copolymers showed good tensile properties. The crystallization kinetics of the copolymers were studied. The Avrami equation was used to describe the isothermal crystallization process. The nonisothermal crystallization was described by modified Avrami analysis by Jeziorny and by a combination of the Avrami and Ozawa equations. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1652–1658, 2005     

负载钛酸酯催化剂催化合成己二酸二异辛酯

聚乙烯醇与四氯化钛在二甲基亚砜和无水乙醇的混合溶剂中反应，制得负载钛酸酯催化剂PVAC-1，用红外光谱对其进行了表征。结果表明：合成中投入3g聚乙烯醇，3mL四氯化钛时，过程容易控制，且催化剂的活性已达很高。确定了在PVAC-1催化作用下，合成己二酸二异辛酯的最佳反应条件及结果：即200℃～210℃下，加入0.3g催化剂，0．1mol己二酸与0．3mol异辛醇反应60min后，己二酸的转化率可达99．7％，PVAC-1重复使用16次后，己二酸的转化率仍保持在96％以匕。     

立体传质塔板CTST技术及其在炼油装置中的应用

介绍了新型高效喷射型塔板--立体传质塔板CTST的安装结构与工作原理,并对基本的水力学性能进行了研究,包括物沫夹带、塔板压降、消泡和抗堵等性能.CTST成功应用到炼油装置的常压蒸馏、催化裂化、脱硫再生、污水汽提等装置的塔器中,应用结果表明CTST塔板的处理能力比F1浮阀塔板高一倍,具有很好的消泡和抗堵性能,而且扩产后的塔板效率高于以前的塔板.     

Graft polymerization of vinyl acetate onto granular starch: Comparison on the potassium persulfate and ceric ammonium nitrate initiated system

This work was undertaken to discuss in depth the vital differences in the morphological development during synthesis, and properties of starch‐g‐poly‐(vinyl acetate) copolymers using two different initiators, potassium persulfate (KPS) and ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN). KPS‐initiated system gave relatively low values of grafting ratio and grafting efficiency, indicating a great tendency for the formation of poly(vinyl acetate) homopolymer (PVAc). Yet, higher values were seen for the CAN‐initiated system. Transmission electron microscope observations indicated a relatively broad distribution of latex particles for the KPS‐initiated system. The surface potential of latex particles was about ?3.5 mV, which turned out to be insufficient to maintain stability of latex particles. On the other hand, a uniform particle size distribution was found for the CAN‐initiated system, as the surface potential of latex particles was 21.5 mV. Moreover, radicals on starch molecules were generated directly through a redox reaction with positively charged ceric ion. The hydrophobic PVAc chains were thus grafted on starch, resulting in an amphiphilic graft copolymer, which provides a sufficient stabilization degree as a role of surfactant to render a relatively uniform distribution of latex particles. The synthesized starch‐g‐poly(vinyl acetate) copolymers were further converted to starch‐g‐poly(vinyl alcohol) through saponification, which were subjected to evaluations regarding the biodegradation and cell culture capability. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 3017–3027, 2006     

基于FPGA的列车信号采集系统设计与研究

列车工况信号对列车故障检测与分析有重要意义。以CycloneⅢ系列FPGA、AD9220、SRAM作为主要器件,利用MAX038输出信号以模拟列车工况信号,再对信号进行采集、存储进行系统设计与分析。为保证系统的稳定性和可靠性,制作了PCB板对系统进行测试。     

以用户为中心的异构数据集成方法

为了实现用户数据在不同用户应用程序间的共享,将同一用户分布在不同应用程序上的数据按照统一的数据模型组织,并存放在统一的平台上,用异构数据集成技术处理用户数据模型和统一数据模型间的异构问题,使得不同应用平台之间能实现数据共享。     

嵌入式 CPU 总线接口单元设计

随着嵌入式技术的不断发展,对嵌入式 CPU 的要求越来越高,而总线接口单元是嵌入式 CPU 不可或缺的重要组成部分,它为嵌入式 CPU 和外设及存储器之间提供了接口控制,是决定系统性能的重要因素。深入了解总线接口单元的基本结构和设计方法对嵌入式的开发大有好处。     

远程计算机审计系统设计与实现

为了实现对计算机的远程审计,提出了一种客户端程序和 B /S 结构程序并用的远程计算机审计系统设计方法。客户端程序用于采集计算机的各种4系统信息和使用记录,基于 JSP的 B /S 结构程序用于管理员对审计数据的查看。通过该系统的实现,证明该设计方法是实用而有效的。     

三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐阻燃聚氨酯硬泡

将三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)作为阻燃剂,采用一步全水发泡法,制备一系列硬质聚氨酯泡沫/三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐复合材料(RPUF/MCA),采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析(TG)、极限氧指数(LOI)、UL-94垂直燃烧、烟密度测试、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)及拉曼光谱表征,研究了MCA对硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF)泡孔结构、热稳定性、阻燃性及燃烧烟气密度的影响。研究表明,MCA能够显著提高RPUF/MCA的阻燃性能,30份的MCA使RPUF/MCA30达到UL-94 V-1级别,极限氧指数达到22.0%。热重测试结果表明,MCA的添加使成炭率降低;同时发现,MCA的添加降低了RPUF/MCA泡沫复合材料的初始热分解温度和复合材料的燃烧烟气密度,有效地提高了复合材料火灾安全性能。     

磷化工作液中亚硝酸盐的检测

介绍了几种检测磷化工作液中亚硝酸盐浓度的原理、试剂和计算方法。