Effects of dopamine transporter and receptor polymorphisms on smoking cessation in a bupropion clinical trial.

This study examined the role of dopaminergic genes in prospective smoking cessation and response to bupropion treatment in a placebo-controlled clinical trial. Smokers of European ancestry (N=418) provided blood samples for genetic analysis and received either bupropion or placebo (10 weeks) plus counseling. Assessments included the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) genotype, dopamine transporter (SLC6A3) genotype, demographic factors, and nicotine dependence. Smoking status was verified at the end of treatment (EOT) and at 6-month follow-up. The results provided evidence for a significant DRD2 × SLC6A3 interaction effect on prolonged smoking abstinence and time to relapse at EOT, independent of treatment condition. Such effects were no longer significant at 6-month follow-up, however. These results provide the first evidence from a prospective clinical trial that genes that alter dopamine function may influence smoking cessation and relapse during the treatment phase. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Piagetian object permanence in the infant rhesus monkey.

Investigated the development of object permanance in a longitudinal study of 2 infant rhesus monkeys in 1 human and 2 subhuman analog testing situations. The ages at which certain object-related behaviors were demonstrated by the Ss as stable responses were found by the presentation of tasks that involved various manipulations of objects. In each testing situation a sequence of development of object permanence was found that was very similar to the one described by J. Piaget for the child, and in each case the sequence culminated in behaviors nearly as complex as those described by Piaget for the 2-yr-old human infant. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

REDEFINING INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

IS managers can follow specific steps to exploit the power of information technology as they transform information systems into a strategic information management function.     

Disappearance of paranoid symptoms with chronicity.

Investigated the finding of a reduced proportion of paranoids in chronic samples. Whether this change is due to the disappearance of paranoid patients or of paranoid symptomatology is unclear. Data from 50 multi-admitted paranoid schizophrenics firmly support the notion that paranoid symptomatology disappears. Although half of the patients remained paranoid across 10 yrs of illness, the other half changed to nonparanoid status around the 3rd hospitalization and about 6 yrs after 1st admission. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

β-oxidation of the coenzyme A esters of vaccenic,elaidic, and petroselaidic acids by rat heart mitochondria

Rates of β-oxidation of the coenzyme A esters of vaccenic, elaidic, and petroselaidic acids as well as their respectivecis isomers by rat heart mitochondria were measured and compared. At all concentrations studied, vaccenoyl-CoA was oxidized more rapidly than elaidoyl-CoA, but more slowly than oleoyl-CoA except at high substrate concentrations. Alltrans octadecenoyl-CoA esters were oxidized at a slower rate than their respectivecis or saturated isomers. Oxidation rates decreased as the double bond approached the carboxyl-end.     

Dewatering for Opal Springs Powerhouse Excavation

Planning and execution of dewatering for a deep excavation in coarse alluvium containing cobbles and boulders are discussed. A deep well dewatering system was installed and had to be supplemented with extensive sumping due to inflow from large natural springs, and seepage through a rock fill river diversion embankment. The value of a flexible dewatering plan and provision for backup power are illustrated. Important details of well design are provided. Good engineering, in the form of pumping tests, and design that considers construction requirements are shown to be ?mportant contributors to dewatering success.     

Characterization of micron-size flyash particles by X-ray photoelection spectroscopy (ESCA)

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to identify and determine the concentrations and oxidation states for a number of major and minor elements present on the surface of micron-size fly-ash particles. Relative concentrations as a function of depth were obtained for Si, Al, Ti, Fe, Ca, Na, C, O, and S using a sputter-etching procedure. The concentrations of Na, C, and S were found to decrease, and Si, Al, Fe, and Ca were found to increase to a depth of approximately 500 Å. Analysis of a larger size fraction gave depth profiles which were similar to those from micron-size particles. The results are discussed in terms of current models for the formation of fly ash.     

Effects of negative feedback, threat of shock, and level of trait anxiety on the arousal of two components of anxiety.

Investigated the effects of threat of failure and threat of shock on the state anxiety reactions of 175 male undergraduates differing in level of trait anxiety. Consistent with the worry-emotionality distinction, worry scores were aroused only in the failure-threat situation, while emotionality scores tended to be elevated only in the shock-threat condition. Contrary to predictions derived from Spielberger's 1966 State-Trait anxiety theory, A-state scores were higher for high A-trait Ss than for low A-trait Ss in all groups. The prediction of a relationship between A-trait and worry scores was not supported. (17 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)