Influence of prior events on cognitive judgments in amnesia.

Amnesic patients and control Ss read the names of famous and nonfamous persons. Subsequently, both groups were more likely to designate a name as famous if it had been encountered previously. The facilitatory effect of prior presentation was similar for amnesic patients and control Ss and similar for famous and nonfamous names. For amnesic patients, the effect occurred despite severely impaired recognition memory for the names. In a 2nd experiment, recombining the first and last names that had been presented together did not diminish the facilitatory effect of prior presentation, which indicates that the effect does not depend on forming an association between first and last names. The results show that nondeclarative (implicit) memory can support the acquisition of information that is specific (e.g., names of persons) and that has no preexisting representation (e.g., nonfamous names). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Meaning of career change from the perspective of family roles and dramas.

In this study we investigated the meaning of career change from the perspective of dramas from the family of origin that were restaged in work. In a case-study approach that used quantitative data from Q-sorts and qualitative data from interviews, narrative portrayals of meaning were developed for each of 10 subjects. Each portrait was reviewed and validated by the subject for whom it was created and by an independent reviewer. It was found that family dramas are reenacted in work and that the meaning of a career change can be understood as a significant development of these dramas. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Natural astringency in foodstuffs — A molecular interpretation

The structures of plant polyphenols (vegetable tannins) are briefly reviewed. Their interactions with proteins, polysaccharides, and the alkaloid caffeine are discussed at the molecular level, and these fundamental properties are related to the quality of astringency that polyphenols possess. The various ways in which astringency may be modified and ultimately lost are outlined in relation to the aging of red wines, the formation of nonbiological hazes in beers and lagers, and the ripening of fruit.     

Discrepancy score validity in self- and ideal self-concept measurement.

Conducted factor analyses of semantic differentials completed by 445 male and female undergraduates to ascertain whether the factor composition of self-concept and ideal self-concept was sufficiently similar to justify computing the distance between these scores as a measure of congruence. The analyses produced 2 factors of self-concept and 3 factors of ideal self-concept; the factors in self-concept and in ideal self-concept differed in scale composition. Results raise serious questions about the appropriateness of computing the difference between measures of self-concept and ideal self-concept on a given factor of either concept unless analyses of both concepts indicate compatible factor structure. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Coupled phase diagrams and thermochemical data for transition metal binary systems — I

A data base covering the transition metals has been developed which permits coupling of thermochemical and phase diagram data and can readily be employed to compute ternary and higher order systems. The current paper which will be the first in a series of contributions, details the following ten binary systems: iron-titanium, iron-cobalt, iron-niobium, iron-molybdenum, iron-tungsten, chromium-cobalt, chromium-niobium, chromium-molybdenum and chromium-tungsten. Subsequent contributions will cover other binary members permitting calculation of a wide range of ternary systems.     

Dissociation of gustatory and weight regulatory responses to quinine following lateral hypothalamic lesions.

In a 2-phase experiment, consummatory (Phase 1) and body weight regulation (Phase 2) responses to quinine adulteration of a wet mash diet were measured in 16 Holtzman male albino rats recovered from bilateral lateral hypothalamic lesions (LH) and in 18 unoperated control rats (C). In Phase 1, all were fed wet mash adulterated with increasing concentrations of quinine sulfate every other day and fed unadulterated wet mash on the alternate days. Group LH consumed a significantly lower proportion of quinine-adulterated wet mash relative to unadulterated wet mash, displaying a steeper concentration-response function and a lower rejection threshold than did Group C. In Phase 2, Groups LH and C were maintained exclusively on quinine-adulterated mash for 20 days. This procedure caused equivalent weight loss in the 2 groups. Therefore, an apparent exaggerated aversion to quinine-adulterated food does not appear to contribute abnormally to the weight regulation exhibited by rats with lateral hypothalamic damage. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A linear predictive method for on-line track recognition and event analysis for cylindrical magnetic spectrometers

A fast and simple track search algorithm based on a linear predictive method and applicable to cylindrical magnetic spectrometers is described. Resulting track parameters, expressed in terms of linear predictors, can be used to do event analysis on-line. The application of the algorithm to the μ → 3e experiment using the SINDRUM detector is detailed.     

Self-stimulation of noradrenergic cell group (A6) in locus coeruleus of rats.

In a study with 71 male Charles River rats, 20 out of 21 electrodes in the almost-exclusively noradrenergic cell concentrations of the locus coeruleus supported high and stable rates of self-stimulation. Locus coeruleus self-stimulation was facilitated by dextroamphetamine-sulphate and suppressed by chlorpromazine hydrochloride and a-methyl-p-tyrosine, but pimozide at relatively high doses had almost no effect. Results demonstrate that self-stimulation can be localized in a relatively homogeneous noradrenergic site and provide presumptive evidence that at least some noradrenergic neurons specifically mediate rewarding effects. (54 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The problem of determining the size of a complete set of reductions

This article is the tenth of a series of articles discussing various open research problems in automated reasoning. Here we focus on finding criteria for accurately predicting the size of a complete set of reductions when such a set exists. We include a suggestion for evaluating a proposed solution to this research problem.This work was supported by the Applied Mathematical Sciences subprogram of the Office of Energy Research, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract W-31-109-Eng-38.