Testing the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis with anxious and depressed youngsters.

A. T. Beck's (1976) cognitive model of psychopathology stipulates that each emotional disorder can be characterized by a cognitive content specific to that disorder. Although other aspects of Beck's theory have been empirically supported with youngsters, few have tested the applicability of the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis to children. 45 youngsters in Grades 4–7 who met diagnostic criteria of the DSM-III—R for a depressive or anxiety disorder and 18 controls completed measures of anxious and depressive cognitions. Analysis revealed that the valence of depressive cognitions played an important role in distinguishing the anxious group from the depressed and mixed groups. Specifically, negatively worded items did not differentiate between groups as well as positively worded items. The anxious, depressed, and mixed depressed-anxious groups were not differentiated on the basis of the anxious cognitions. The results provide partial support for Beck's cognitive content-specificity hypothesis and the broader positive–negative affectivity construct. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Radiation Characteristics of Glass Containing Gas Bubbles

In many materials processing and manufacturing situations such as steel, aluminum, ceramics, and glass, gas bubbles can form in liquid and solid phases. The presence of such bubbles affects the thermophysical properties and radiation characteristics of the two-phase system and hence the transport phenomena. This paper presents a general formulation of the radiation characteristics of semitransparent media containing large gas bubbles (bubble radius is much larger than the wavelength of radiation). Sample calculations for the spectral absorption and extinction coefficients and single scattering albedo of soda–lime silicate glass containing bubbles are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the effect of the volumetric void fraction and the bubble size distribution. Results clearly show that the presence of bubbles strongly affects the radiation characteristics of the semitransparent media containing entrapped gas bubbles, particularly if bubbles, void fractions, and the spectral absorption coefficient of the continuous phase are small.     

The significance of the Weibull threshold in short-term breakdownstatistics

Routine breakdown tests performed on large populations of laboratory-aged polyethylene insulated power cable slices and slices taken from aged cables are analysed according to a Weibull model. The unaged reference populations are described by a three-parameter distribution, i.e. with a nonzero location parameter or threshold. On the contrary, the aged populations may be fitted by a simple two-parameter model. A tentative interpretation stating a threshold dependence on aging is proposed on the basis of previous results     

Systolic parsing of context-free languages

We report on a new systolic context-free language parsing algorithm. We present both single parse and multiple parse versions of the algorithm. For an input of lengthn the single parse version has a time complexity ofO(n) and a space complexity ofO(n) ². This equals the performance of the most effcient known single parse algorithm. The space complexity of the multiple parse version is also ofO(n) ² while its time complexity is ofO(mn) wherem is the number of differenti parses for the input. This equals the time complexity of the most efficient known multiple parse algorithms and brings an improvenment of a factor of logn over its space complexity.This work was supported by Université de Montréal, the Natural Science Engineering Resarch Council of Canada and the Communittee of Vice-Chancellors and Principals of the Universities of the United Kingdom.     

JAC: an aspect‐based distributed dynamic framework

In this paper, we present the Java Aspect Components (JAC) framework for building aspect‐oriented distributed applications in Java. This paper describes the aspect‐oriented programming model and the architectural details of the framework implementation. The framework enables extension of application semantics for handling well‐separated concerns. This is achieved with a software entity called an aspect component (AC). ACs provide distributed pointcuts, dynamic wrappers and metamodel annotations. Distributed pointcuts are a key feature of our framework. They enable the definition of crosscutting structures that do not need to be located on a single host. ACs are dynamic. They can be added, removed, and controlled at runtime. This enables our framework to be used in highly dynamic environments where adaptable software is needed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Automatic Generation of Numerical Redundancies for Non-Linear Constraint Solving

In this paper we present a framework for the cooperation of symbolic and propagation-based numerical solvers over the real numbers. This cooperation is expressed in terms of fixed points of closure operators over a complete lattice of constraint systems. In a second part we instantiate this framework to a particular cooperation scheme, where propagation is associated to pruning operators implementing interval algorithms enclosing the possible solutions of constraint systems, whereas symbolic methods are mainly devoted to generate redundant constraints. When carefully chosen, it is well known that the addition of redundant constraint drastically improve the performances of systems based on local consistency (e.g. Prolog IV or Newton). We propose here a method which computes sets of redundant polynomials called partial Gröbner bases and show on some benchmarks the advantages of such computations.     

Self perception: the key stone of nursing interventions with hyperactive children

Denise Dumas, a nurse at the H?tel-Dieu du Sacré-Coeur de Jésus hospital, in Quebec City, and Louise Pelletier, an associate professor at the Ecole des sciences infirmières of Université Laval, are interested in promoting understanding of problems linked to hyperactivity in school-age children. They suggest appropriate nursing interventions for child psychiatry units in hospitals and outpatient clinics. The authors give a definition of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, specifying its prevalence, etiology and treatment, and describe the behaviour of the hyperactive child. They go on to look at the concept of self-perception and deal with its development and its importance in children's lives. Most importantly, the authors suggest nursing interventions suited to the needs of hyperactive children.     

A crude oil data bank containing more than 5000 PVT and gas injection data

A set of more than 5000 data points is proposed here as a reference database for the evaluation of thermodynamic packages dedicated to the prediction of phase behavior and volumetric properties of oils. A set of 13 reservoir crude oils coming from different countries in the world was selected from PVT reports of the French petroleum company TOTALFINAELF. Measurements at reservoir conditions and at standard conditions were addressed. Constant mass expansion, differential vaporization, swelling test, slim tube test, multi-contact test and stock tank oil density measurement were the experiments considered as reference laboratory data source. In each case, the reservoir fluid was obtained from recombination of produced separator gases and stabilized oil. The stock tank oil was produced in the laboratory by using a multi-stage separation procedure.     

Multiscale morphology and thermo‐mechanical history of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)

The multiscale morphology of rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) formulations (in the nanometre to the micrometre range) was investigated by high resolution scanning electron microscopy, ultra‐small‐, small‐ and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering, as a function of thermo‐mechanical history. It has been shown that the hierarchical structure of PVC grains, when in the dry blend, disappeared during gelation that combines mechanical stress (ie shear stress and hydrostatic pressure) and heating. Nevertheless, the memory of the presence of the smallest particles (domains with diameters of about 80 nm) containing dense amorphous PVC and nanoscaled crystallites, has been highlighted by the study of the change of the microstructure when PVC was reprocessed with high mechanical deformation at a lower temperature than the previous gelation temperature. As a result, the main phenomena occurring during gelation were, in a first step, the disappearance of the hierarchical structure of the grains and, in a second step, the inter‐diffusion of the chains across the frontiers of the primary particles (mechanically reversible), but maintaining the domain structure. The crystalline microstructure was affected by thermo‐mechanical history, but the gelation level should not be estimated strictly in relation to the crystalline morphology. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

(Mg,Co)O Solid-Solution Precursors for the Large-Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes by Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition

Single- and double-walled carbon nanotubes were produced in high yield using the selective reduction of solid solutions of Mg_{1– x} Co _x O in a methane and hydrogen atmosphere at 1000°C. The solid solutions were prepared using combustion synthesis with urea as the fuel. The BET surface areas ranged from 10 to 65 m²/g depending on the fuel content. A single crystalline phase was obtained only for fuel-rich compositions. Increased fuel content increased the surface area by a factor of 6. However, very high fuel contents (>4 times the stoichiometric amount) caused a demixed solid solution. Surface-area measurements and Raman spectra showed that the quantity of nanotubes formed depended on the surface area and composition of the precursor oxide.